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Major domains of the earth
Here are the seven continents and five major oceans of the Earth: Continents: 1. North America 2. South America 3. Europe 4. Asia 5. Africa 6. Australia 7. Antarctica Oceans: 1. Pacific Ocean 2. Atlantic Ocean 3. Indian Ocean 4. Southern Ocean 5. Arctic Ocean
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Major domains of the earth
- 1. BY : KRAMESH (TGT S ST) KV URI AND DEEPAK KUMAR (TGT S ST) MAJOR DOMAINS OF THE EARTH
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Earth isaunique planet in the sensethat it haslife- supporting system on it which helps in the growth and development of life .Theselife supporting systemsare part of Lithosphere ,Atmosphere ,Hydrosphere and Biosphere. • Lithosphere is the solid in organic portion of the earth which comprises rocks and mineral material. the gaseousenvelop surrounding the earth with a gravitational force is known asatmosphere .thesphere which is covered with water is called Hydrosphere. Biosphere is the sum total of all other three spheres.
- 4. 1-LITHOSPHERE • Theliteral meaningof lithosphere is ‘sphere of rocks’. It is the uppermost layer ofrocks which is in organic solid nature and composed of various mineral materials • It includes high mountain ranges like Himalayain south Asia,Rockiesin north America,Andesin SouthAmerica; Plateaus. • There are sevencontinents on the earth. Asiais the largest followed byAfrica, North America, SouthAmerica,Antarctica, Europe ,andAustralia.
- 5. Continents • North America • South America •Europe • Asia • Africa • Australia • Antarctica
- 6. Asia• Asiais thebiggest continent,and it hasthe most people– it is very crowded in someparts ofAsia! • Chinais one very big countryin Asia • Giant Pandaslive in Chinaandeat bamboo • Acool place to visit in Asiaisthe Great Wall of China– it is the largest structure ever built by man
- 7. North America • Thisisthe continent we liveon • North America is cold in thenorth and warm in thesouth • Buffalo live in NorthAmerica • People in North Americacame here from many othercontinents • TheUSA,Mexico, and Canadaare the three biggest countries in NorthAmerica
- 8. Africa • Africa isavery hot continent becausethe equator runs through the middle ofit • Lions live inAfrica • Most people in Africahave dark skin andhair • TheEgyptian pyramids arein Africa
- 9. South America • SouthAmericais awarm continent • People there speakmostly Spanish • Thebiggest country is Brazil, where people love to play soccer • TheAmazon rainforest is in SouthAmerica
- 10. Antarctica • Antarctica isthe coldest continent • No people live inAntarctica, but some scientists visit to study the weather or animals there • Many kinds of penguinslive in Antarctica
- 11. Europe • There are47 countries in Europe • People in Europe speakover 50 languages! • Theweather in Europe is similar to North America – cold in the northand warm in the south
- 12. Australia • Australia isan island continent • Native people in Australiaare calledAborigines • Other people in Australia are related to criminals sent from Europe long ago • Kangaroos,koalas, and platypuses live inAustralia • TheGreat Barrier Reefis in Australia • Theweather in Australia isthe opposite of ourweather
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- 14. 2-Hydrosphere The hydrosphereis the part of the earth that contains water. FOR MORE DETAIL CLICK THE LINK BELOW https://youtu.be/48KuPTBuYmE
- 15. The Structure ofHydrosphere Oceans—96.5% of water is salt water and it found in the oceans. Fresh water—the remaining 3 percent is freshwater. Fresh water distribution: Ice: 1.762% Groundwater: 1.7% Surface Fresh Water: 0.014% Atmosphere and soil: 0.002%
- 16. Understanding Where YourWater Is Located—Oceans and Ice What bodies of water hold the largest amount of water? Oceans—the largest bodies of water on Earth (contain salt water only) Examples of oceans: Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean
- 17. Understanding Where YourWater Is Located—Oceans and Ice What features house water as ice? Icebergs: a large piece of freshwater ice floating in open waters.
- 18. Understanding Where YourWater Is Located—Oceans and Ice What features house water as ice? Glaciers: any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land *permanent snow areas also “house” water as ice
- 22. OCEANS • TheWorld’s Oceans •71%of the Earth’s surface is covered byocean water. • Theoceanscontain 97%of the earth’swater. • All the oceansand seasare in realityone continuous • body of water. • 90%of all volcanic activity occurs in theoceans.
- 24. PACIFICOCEAN • ThePacific Ocean •ThePacific Oceanis the largest of all theoceans. • Thearea and volume of the Pacific Oceanare greater thanthe • Atlantic and Indian combined. • • TheMariana Trench in the Pacific ocean is the deepest point in • the world, reaching adepth of10,911 metres. • • Its name wasgiven by aPortuguese explorer Ferdinand • Magellan , Mar Pacifico in Portuguese, meaning"peaceful sea“. • • TheInternational Date Line passesthrough the Pacific Ocean
- 26. Atlantic Ocean TheAtlantic Ocean AtlanticOceanis the secondlargest ocean in the world. Of all the world's oceans,Atlantic Oceanis theyoungest. It is believed to have been formed during the Jurassic Period. It is one of the busiest searoutes in the Western and EasternHemispheres. Thename 'Atlantic' is derived from the legendaryisland of 'Atlantis', asdescribed by Plato - one of the ancient writers.
- 28. Indian Ocean • TheIndianOcean • Indian Ocean,the third largest saline-water body of the world, derives its • name from India • Theonly ocean which derives its name from the name ofacountry. • Indian Oceanis the warmest ocean in theworld. • Indian Oceanis known as'Ratnakara' in the ancient Sanskritliterature. • Ratnakarameans'the maker (creator) ofjewels'. • its limited marine animal life which is due to higher water temperature of • this ocean. • Waters in the Indian Oceanhave one of the lowest oxygen content of the • world owing to greater evaporation rate in this ocean
- 30. ARTICOCEAN • TheARTICOCEAN • TheArcticOceanis the smallest and shallowest • It is also the coldest of all the oceans. • The north pole is situated in the middle of the Arctic • ocean , there is no land on at the north pole, it is afloating • raft of ice. • Oncecalled the FrozenOcean,the Arctic Oceanis • covered with ice (2—14 ft/.6—4 m thick) throughoutthe • year in most of itscentral and western portions. • TheArctic Oceanis roughly 8%the sizeof thePacific • Ocean. • During winter the Arctic Oceanis almostcompletely • covered in seaice.
- 31. Name the continentsand oceans
- 32. Introduction to the Atmosphere Theair around us.
- 33. What is theatmosphere? • The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air, which we call the atmosphere. It reaches over 560 kilometers (348 miles) from the surface of the Earth, so we are only able to see what occurs fairly close to the ground. • This “blanket” moderates temperature, protects us from harmful radiation and supports life.
- 34. Composition of theAtmosphere The present composition of the atmosphere is: 21% OXYGEN (O2) 78% NITROGEN (N2) 0.04% CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) ~0.9% ARGON (Ar) Besides water vapor, several other gases are also present in much smaller amounts: Carbon monoxide (formula CO) Neon (Ne) Oxides of nitrogen Methane (CH4) Krypton (Kr)
- 35. THE FIRST BILLIONYEARS • The Earth's surface was originally molten, as it cooled the volcanoes out gassed out massive amounts of: • CARBON DIOXIDE, • STEAM (H2O vapor), • AMMONIA and • METHANE. • There was NO OXYGEN. The STEAM condensed to form water which then produced shallow seas.
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- 39. ACTIVITY IDENTIFY CONTINENTS ANDOCEANS OF THE EARTH