Majzoob_S.Franceso.pptx

Majzoob_S.Franceso.pptx

• 1.
  Alma Mater Studiorum– Università di Bologna Mechanics Of Historical Masonry Structure Master Course in Civil Engineering A.Y 2018 / 2019 1 Prof: Angelo Di Tommaso Student : Majzoob Mohammed Ali Matricola: 0000854395 S.FRANCESCO’S CHURCH Email: [email protected]
• 2.
  Table of contents: 2 SiteLocation...............................................................................................................3 Seismic evaluation of the site....................................................................................4 Global dimension.......................................................................................................5 Construction history .................................................................................................6 Gothic Style Characters.............................................................................................8 Comparison with Cathedral of Saint Mary of Burgos…............................................9 Typology ..................................................................................................................10 Non Destructive Test................................................................................................11 Structural Analysis Of Vault.....................................................................................13 First Aid Interventions.............................................................................................17 Strengthening Techniques.......................................................................................18 Refrences.................................................................................................................20
• 3.
  Site Location: Basilica SanFrancesco is a historic church in the city of Bologna in northern Italy. constructed in the 13th century. Location: Piazza Malpighi, 9, 40123 Bologna BO Region: Emilia Romagna Coordinates: Latitude: 44°29′42″N, Longitude: 11°20′07″E. Type of soil: "Clay, selenite and sandstone” 3
• 4.
  4 Peak Ground accelerationPGA = 0.175 g Evaluation of the site: (seismic _snow _wind) Seismic Zone 3a Emilia-Romagna Is Exposed To Average Seismic Waves. Snow: Bologna :Zona 1 ELEVATION: 54 M Above Sea Level 𝑞𝑠=µ𝑏*𝑞𝑠𝑘*𝐶𝐸*𝐶𝑡 Wind: Bologna :Zona 2 P(z)=𝑞𝑏*𝐶𝑒(z)*𝐶𝑃*𝐶𝑑
• 5.
  5 Global Dimensions: 30m 90m Length: 90m Width:30m Height: 45m Section: Rectangular Long buttress height: 25m Short buttress height: 23m
• 6.
  6 Construction History: Start ofconstruction 1236 Collapse of the vault of the apse 1254 Finishing 1263 Conclusion of restoration after the French lootings 1919 Restoration due to World War 2 1949 Roof in reinforced Concrete 1949
• 7.
  7 can induce semivertical weakness and this could result in a possible mechanism. Collapse Mechanisms
• 8.
  8 Gothic Structural Elements: flyingbuttress Ribbed Vault buttress Abbey Height and brightness Gothic structural elements: • Flying Arch or buttress • Pointed arches • Abbey • Ribbed vaults • Buttress Pointed Ach Façade
• 9.
  Comparison with BurgosCathedral (Spain): 9 • pointed arches • Geometric proportion within the external naves and the central one (1:2) • Ribbed Vaults • External surrounding flying arches Cathedral of Saint Mary of Burgos
• 10.
  Typology of Masonry: •Characteristics • Irregular shape • Alignment of horizontal joints • Vertical joints are not aligned • Average Dimension of the brick: 5,5· 25 cm • Average Thickness of lime mortar = 1,5 cm • Limestone and sandstone mortar 10
• 11.
  Non Destructive Tests: 1)FLAT JACK TEST: Flat jack testing method is used to determine the acting stresses (single flat jack) or to evaluate the mechanical parameters of the masonry. 2) The penetrometer The penetrometer is based on driving a metal pin into the mortar at controlled speed, and on continuously acquiring the applied load. The result of the test is the diagram of the load as function of the penetration depth.
• 12.
  12 Non Destructive Tests: FlatJack Test Where: 𝑘𝑚 = 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑎𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑘𝑎 = 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑡 𝑝𝑖 = pressure of the flat jack Measure the distance within gage points – state 0 A plane cut perpendicular to the surface is realized and a parallel jack is inserted in the slot The flat jack is loaded in the cut and the pressure is gradually increased by an hydraulic pump until the state of strain is equal to the state 0 𝑓𝑚𝑖 = 𝑝𝑖· 𝑘𝑚·𝑘𝑎
• 13.
  13 Structural Analysis STRUCTURE A STRUCTUREB
• 14.
  14 Structural analysis ofthe arch:(Structure A) a) b) LOAD ANALYSIS AND GEOMETRY:
• 15.
  15 Structural Analysis ofthe Arch: a) b)
• 16.
  16 Structural Analysis ofthe Arch:(Structure B) LOAD ANALYSIS AND GEOMETRY: NOT VERIFIED
• 17.
  17 First Aid Interventions OutOf Plane Mechanism Of The Façade Is Probable So Some Interventions Will Be Done: * One Way Of First Aid Is Using Belting System (Polyester Straps) , Anchored To The Masonry By Means Of Timber Poles.
• 18.
  18 Strengthening Technique 1/2 Theintervention on the façade must be applied on the back side for two main reasons: 1. Aesthetic reasons; 2. FRP fibers can only carry tensile stress so they are not applicable from the front side. FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer)is a good for improving ductility and durability. Façade
• 19.
  19 Strengthening Technique 2/2 Theintervention would be: • FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers) : Organic Matrix With Epoxy Resin Fibers With High Tensile Strength. Vault
• 20.
  Refrences: • MHMS LecturesNotes • Testing of the Mechanical Properties of Masonry Walls - Determination of Compressive Strength - Željka Radovanović1, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Montenegro, Polytechnicheskaya st. 29, 81 000. • A Static Penetration Test For Masonry Mortar - Domenico Liberatore Dept. Of Structural And Geotechnical Engineering, “Sapienza” University Of Rome - Rome, Italy • BS 1377-9, Methods for Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes. In Situ Tests, BSI British Standards, London, www.bsi-global.com, 1990. • www.sanfrancescobologna.org • https://www.storiaememoriadibologna.it/san-francesco-2054-luogo • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_of_San_Francesco,_Bologna • http://ambiente.regione.emilia-romagna.it/geologia-en/notizie/news-2014-1/geology-of- bologna.