Walmart opened its first store in 1962 and saw great success, reaching $1 billion in sales by 1980 and $100 billion by 1997 when it opened its first store in Germany. However, the German store only survived 5 years, accruing $100 million in losses. Walmart's failure in Germany was due to a lack of market research and understanding of EU regulations and German consumer interests, as well as an international strategy focused on monopolization and predatory pricing that backfired in the regulated German market.