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Managing Variability, Uncertainty and Flexibility in Power Grids with High Penetration of Renewables
The document outlines a study on integrating renewable energy into power grids, focusing on operational, regulatory, and technological challenges. It presents key elements for success including accurate forecasting, flexibility, and workforce engagement, along with global case studies and collaboration among experts. The future outlook covers necessary advancements in grid technology and market design to enhance flexibility and reliability in power systems.
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Managing Variability, Uncertainty and Flexibility in Power Grids with High Penetration of Renewables
- 1. Dr. Lawrence Jones October6, 2014 Managing Variability, Uncertainty and Flexibility in Power Grids with High Penetration of Renewables Vice President, Utility Innovations & Infrastructure Resilience Alstom Grid, North America Leonardo Energy, IEA-DSM Webinar
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- 3. Alstom Grid- 2014–3 Agenda • Background • Contributors • Overview of the book − Key features − 10 parts − Case studies • Basic power system operations • Power system flexibility − What is it − Needs − Sources − Analyzing flexibility − Examples • Future outlook • Q & A
- 4. Alstom Grid- 2014–4 Background
- 5. Alstom Grid- 2014–5 First-of-its-Kind Study on Renewable Integration • DoE’s goals for this ground-breaking global research project were to document • What is happening in wind integration practices in one place • Global best practices • Examples of excellence • Lessons Learned • Recommendations for tomorrow
- 6. Alstom Grid- 2014–6 Unprecedented Gathering of Global Data Power Grids represented in this survey account for 72% of worldwide wind capacity • 33 grid operators • 18 countries • Combined wind generation of 141 GW From: “Strategies and Decision Support Systems for or Integrating Variable Energy Resources in Control Centers for Reliable Grid Operations.” Lawrence E. Jones. December 2011
- 7. Alstom Grid- 2014–7 Key Elements for Successful Renewable Integration • 1 – Accurate Forecasting • 2 – Decision Support • 3 – Policy/Regulation • 4 – Flexibility • 5 - Workforce From: “Strategies and Decision Support Systems for or Integrating Variable Energy Resources in Control Centers for Reliable Grid Operations.” Lawrence E. Jones. December 2011
- 8. Alstom Grid- 2014–8 Contributors
- 9. Alstom Grid- 2014–9 Contributors V.K. Agrawal, Stefano Alessandrini, Anders N. Andersen, Göran Andersson, Reza Arghandeh , Tatiana M. L. Assis, Chaitanya A. Baone, Carl Barker, Diane Broad, Maxime Baudette, Audun Botterud, Richard Candy, Spyros Chatzivasileiadis, Puneet Chitkara, Erik Connors, Anish De, Luca Delle Monache, Christopher L. DeMarco, Ken Dragoon, John Dumas, Erik Ela, Mica Endsley, Pavel V. Etingov, Steven Fine, Jarett Goldsmith, Santiago Grijalva Udi Helman, Anders Plejdrup Houmøller, Mark Howells, Brendan Kirby, Kiran Kumaraswamy, Helena Lindquist, Clyde Loutan, Jian Ma, Phillipe Mack, David Maggio, Yuri V. Makarov, Dimitris Mentis, Michael Milligan David Mohler, Matthias Müller-Mienack, Tim Mundon, Ijeoma Onyeji, Andrew L. Ott, Mark Rothleder, Peter Schell, Fereidoon P. Sioshansi, Sushil K. Soonee, Daniel Sowder, Glauco N. Taranto, T. Bruce Tsuchida, Andreas Ulbig, Luigi Vanfretti, Alexandra von Meier, Xing Wang, Manuel Welsch, and Austin D. White
- 10. Alstom Grid- 2014–10 Advance Praise Mark Ahlstrom, Vicky Bailey, Morgan Bazilian, Pierre Bernard, Reid Detchon, Rob Gramlich, Julia Hamm, Becky Harrison, Daniel Kammen, Michael Leibreich, Alan Miller, Magnus Olofsson, David Owens, Paul Polman, Eric Pyle, Klaus Rave, David Sandalow, Andrew L. Shapiro, Jigar Shah, Frank Verrastro, Ryan H. Wiser, Kandeh Yumkella, and Christian Pilgaard Zinglersen
- 11. Alstom Grid- 2014–11 Overview of the Book
- 12. Alstom Grid- 2014–12 Key Features • Lays out the key issues around the integration of renewables into power grids and markets, from the intricacies of operational and planning considerations to supporting regulatory and policy frameworks. • Provide global case studies that highlight the challenges of renewables integration and present field-tested solutions. • Illustrates enabling technologies to support the management of variability, uncertainty and flexibility in power grids.
- 13. Alstom Grid- 2014–13 Five Areas of Renewable Integration Physics Operation Markets Information POLICY
- 14. Alstom Grid- 2014–14 Parts of the Book 1. POLICY AND REGULATON 2. MODELING OF VARIABLE ENERGY RESOURCES 3. VARIABLE ENERGY RESOUCES IN POWER SYSTEMS AND MARKET OPERATIONS 4. FORECASTING RENEWABLES 5. CONNECTING RENEWABLE ENERGY TO POWER GRIDS 6. SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY 7. DEMAND RESPOND AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES 8. VARIABILE ENERGY RESOURCES IN ISLAND POWER SYSTEMS 9. SOLAR, TIDAL AND WAVE ENERGY INTEGRATION 10. ENABLING AND DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR RENEWABLE INTEGRATION
- 15. Alstom Grid- 2014–15 Case Studies • Brazil • Denmark • Germany • India • South African • USA
- 16. Alstom Grid- 2014–16 Basic Power System Operation
- 17. Alstom Grid- 2014–17 Overview of the Electric Power System More than 100 years Old – But Not Much has Changed in the Physics … Not Until Now
- 18. Alstom Grid- 2014–18 Smarter Grids: when energy meets information Our New Hybrid Reality “A permanently evolving electrical network, with a real-time, two-way flow of energy and information, between power generation, grid operator, and end users. It is capable of integrating all traditional and new players: renewable generation units (wind, solar, etc.), electrical vehicles, electrical storage, or even entire smart cities”. Source: IEA Smart Grid roadmap 2010
- 19. Alstom Grid- 2014–19 Power System Operation Supply Demand Maintaining the Balance between Supply and Demand
- 20. Alstom Grid- 2014–20 Managing the Supply-Demand Imbalance Subject to Variability and Uncertainty Supply Demand
- 21. Alstom Grid- 2014–21 Balancing Challenge - Simultaneous Variation of Generation and Load, Subject to Uncertainty • Load varies by seconds, minutes, hours, by day, weather etc • Variable generation vary based on fuel availability • Dispatchable generation may not be available Variability • System operational decision is made by using the best available forecasts (load, generation, etc) • Forecast error is common – there is no perfect forecast • Dispatchable resources may deviate from scheduled set points Uncertainty
- 22. Alstom Grid- 2014–22 Key Grid Operation Issues Balancing Stability Adequacy Variability Uncertainty Flexibility
- 23. Alstom Grid- 2014–23 Power System Flexibility
- 24. Alstom Grid- 2014–24 Power System Flexibility Flexibility expresses the extent to which a power system can increase/decrease electricity production or consumption in response to variability, expected or otherwise (i.e. under uncertainty). ± MW / time
- 25. Alstom Grid- 2014–25 Flexibility Needs and Sources Existing and new flexibility needs can be met by a range of resources in the electricity system – facilitated by power system markets, operation and hardware. Source: Adapted from Harnessing Variable Renewables, International Energy Agency
- 26. Alstom Grid- 2014–26 Analyzing System Flexibility From: “Role of Power System Flexibility” Forecast Uncertainty in Utility Control Center” by Andreas Ulbig and Goran Andersson. In Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014
- 27. Alstom Grid- 2014–27 Flexibility Supply Curve Sources of Flexibility Low Cost High Cost Study needed to determine shape of Flexibility Supply Curve and Quantify Costs Courtesy of: J. Charles Smith, Utility Variable Generation Integration Group. Author of the Epilogue in Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014 .
- 28. Alstom Grid- 2014–28 Examples
- 29. Alstom Grid- 2014–29 Electricity Markets Can Provide Flexibility From: “Advances in Market Management Solutions for Variable Energy Resources Integration” by Xing Wang. In Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014
- 30. Alstom Grid- 2014–30 Demand Response and Wind Power From: “DR for Integrating Variable Renewable Energy : A Northwest Perspective” by Diane Broad and Ken Dragoon In Renewable Energy Integration. Elsevier 2014
- 31. Alstom Grid- 2014–31 Distributed Energy Resources Can Provide Flexibility From: “DR for Integrating Variable Renewable Energy: A Northwest Perspective” by Diane Broad and Ken Dragoon In Renewable Energy Integration. Elsevier 2014
- 32. Alstom Grid- 2014–32 Demand Response is Becoming a Reality From: “Demand Response and Alternative Technologies in Electricity Markets” by Andrew L. Ott, In Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014
- 33. Alstom Grid- 2014–33 Transportation EV/PHEV, Smart Appliances • Can react to price fluctuation • Can shave peak load • Energy conservation Energy Storage Battery Storage, Can react to price fluctuation • Can shave peak load • Augment renewables New integration opportunities New challenges Meet the New Disruptors & Game Changers
- 34. Alstom Grid- 2014–34 Enhanced T&D Grid Ops using DER Flexibility Services
- 35. Alstom Grid- 2014–35 “Age of BIG Information” Data out of context is valueless Big Data and Renewable Integration
- 36. Alstom Grid- 2014–36 Synchrophasors: The New Heartbeat of the Grid! Enabling Intelligent Decentralized Grid Monitoring & Control EMS Dynamic Security Assessment State Estimation Contingency Analysis Offline Analysis Modelling Root Cause Analysis Wide Area Controls Post-Event Generator & ISO Compliance New Smart Grid Applications Distribution DMS Distributed Generation Demand Response SynchroPhasors: ‘the new heartbeat of the grid’ Local Controls Synchrophasor Analytics
- 37. Alstom Grid- 2014–37 Phasor Mesurement Units (PMU) Installed at a Wind Farm in Oklahoma From: “Monitoring and Control of Renewable Energy Sources using Synchronized Phasor Measurements” by Luigi Vanfretti, Maxime Baudette, and Austin White. In Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014
- 38. Alstom Grid- 2014–38 PMU Measurements Potential Applications Graphic courtesy of: Alexandra von Meier and Reza Arghandeh. Authors of “Every Moment Counts: Synchrophasors for Distribution Networks with Variable Resources.” In Renewable Energy Integration. Elsevier 2014
- 39. Alstom Grid- 2014–39 Future Outlook
- 40. Alstom Grid- 2014–40 What’s Next for Renewable Integration 2014 2030 To an expanding range of scenarios tomorrow… Gazing ahead today…
- 41. Alstom Grid- 2014–41 Power Electronics and Controls (e.g. HVDC, FACTS, Smart Inverters) Improve Grid Flexibility Courtesy of: Carl Barker, Author of “Practical Management of Variable and Distributed Resources in Power Grids.” In Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014 Flexibility from Technologies in Transmission and Distribution Grid
- 42. Alstom Grid- 2014–42 Evolution in Electricity Market Design • Today’s markets not designed with VG in mind • Energy markets • Capacity markets • Ancillary service markets • Price responsive load markets • Market shortcomings must be identified and corrected • Energy market price volatility • Capacity/flexibility adequacy concerns • Ramping products for flexibility • Slow reserve products • Fast frequency response products • Alternative Market Design Courtesy of: J. Charles Smith, Utility Variable Generation Integration Group. Author of the Epilogue in Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014 .
- 43. Alstom Grid- 2014–43 Improved Flexibility with Advanced Grid Analytics - Transitioning from Deterministic to Probabilistic Paradigms Uncertainty Quantification Including All Sources Transmission Tool Better Utilization of Transmission Better/Modal Control Accurate Security Margin Quantification Super Fast Simulations Understanding & Prediction of System Behavior Deep Dive Tail Event Analysis Simulation of Blackouts Probabilistic Reliability Criteria Stochastic Commitment And Dispatch Preventive Redispatch More Effective Integration of Renewables Actionable Information Data Driven System Model Predictive Congestion From “Incorporating Forecast Uncertainty in Utility Control Center” by Y. Markarov et..al. In Renewable Energy Integration, Elsevier 2014
- 44. Alstom Grid- 2014–44 Q & A
- 45. www.alstom.com Dr. Lawrence Jones AlstomGrid Inc. [email protected] Thank You