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man_made_disaster.pptx
The document discusses various types of man-made disasters including nuclear, biological, chemical, and fire disasters. It provides details on nuclear disasters explaining how accidents can occur at nuclear power plants from meltdowns, equipment failures, or human error. The Chernobyl disaster is discussed as the worst nuclear catastrophe, caused by operator error when safety protocols were ignored. Biological disasters from weapons and chemical disasters from industrial accidents are also mentioned, along with the importance of being prepared and minimizing risks from all types of man-made disasters.
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man_made_disaster.pptx
- 1. Submitted to DR. ANJALATCHI MSC.(N)MBA (HA) ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR Era university Submitted by Alisha khan MHA 4th semester Era university Lucknow
- 3. Introduction Typesof man made disaster Reasons for man made disaster Nuclear disaster Biological disaster Chemical disaster Fire disaster Precaution of all disaster Summary Conclusion
- 4. Man-made disasters havean element of human intent, negligence, or error involving a failure of a man-made system, as opposed to natural disasters resulting from natural hazards. Such man-made disasters are crime, arson, civil disorder, terrorism, war, biological/chemical threat, cyber- attacks, etc. Introduction
- 5. Man-made disasters arethe consequence of technological or human hazards. Examples include stampedes, fires, transport accidents, industrial accidents, oil spills and nuclear explosions/radiation. War and deliberate attacks may also be put in this category. As with natural hazards, man- made hazards are events that have not happened, for instance terrorism. Man- made disasters are examples of specific cases where man- made hazards have become reality in an event.
- 6. Nuclear disasters Biological disasters Chemicaldisasters Fire accidents Road accidents Terrorism, Epidemic Etc.
- 9. Nuclear power plantsuse the heat generated from nuclear fission in a contained environment to convert water to steam, which powers generators to produce electricity. It is the by-product of this activity that creates the biggest hazard. Accident categories Nuclear meltdown Criticality accidents Decay heat Equipment failure Human error
- 10. Common indicators ofthese disasters are vomiting , nausea , blindness Close adizziness etc. Don’t look at fire as it causes instant ll doors and windows as radioactivity doesn’t penetrate into solid structures Cover all food and water and listen govt. orders
- 11.
- 12. Chernobyl disasteris considered to be the worst catastrophic (Manmade disaster) in history. Chernobyl was a nuclear power plant that was located 80 miles north of Kiev, which is now the ‘Ukraine’. Chernobyl was a part of the city ‘Pripyat’. INTRODUCTION
- 14. On 26thApril 1986, at 1:23 P.M. blast occurred in the 4th reactor. The reactor 4 suffered power increase leading to explosion from core. The two engineers present in the 4th reactor were Alexander Akimov and Leonid Toptunov. Whereas Leonid was present at the time of blast as he was a young engineer with a 3 months experience.
- 16. The obvious reasonthat can be stated is ‘Operator error’. Maybe the operator was not experienced enough to control the reactor. Another reason was that the, operator allowed to much water flow in the tank that caused the speed of the turbine to increase uncontrollably. Additionally normal safety rules were not followed. Example the regulation required at least 15 controlled rods but at the time of the explosion there were on 10 rods intact.
- 17.
- 21. Soon after theblast the city Pirpyat was evacuated immediately. There were 50,000 people living who were forced to leave everything behind (Even necessary belongings). Within hours after explosion dozen of people fell ill and experienced headache, metallic taste in mouth, vomiting, uncontrollable fits. Within hours Pripyat became a ghost city.
- 23. With theemitting radiations a rise was seen in health disorders. Disease like Thyroid cancer, mental illness, rise in abortion, various physical disability. The rate of cancers are still at a rise and many cases are reported every year with a certain disability. Every year thousands of people die in this manner.
- 28. 34 years havepassed but still the radiation level is that area is so high that nobody will be able to live there for 200 years. The whole area is sealed by the Russian force and no individuals id allowed to visit anywhere near the reactor. It is said that the controller keys of reactor 4 still remain untouched even after 34years.
- 30. These are referredas poor mans nuclear bomb as these are easy to manufacture , transport and have the ability to kill hundreds and thousands of people. They are delivered using dusting airplanes or small perfumes atomizers . They have ability to generate immediate effects.
- 32. Disasters that arecaused by the excessive use and misuse of chemicals in industries are called chemical disasters . The irresponsible handling of powerful chemicals can cause widespread devastation.
- 33. Industries using harmfuland powerful chemicals should be located far away from residential areas There should be surveys to keep a check on their activity The govt. should formulate an emergency plan to in case of an accident Pollution levels should be checked and maintained
- 35. The main reasonis poor wiring and faulty electrical equipment , leaking gas or carelessly thrown cigarettes and matches The main power supply source is good condition. Wire should be properly covered Inflammable things should be kept out of reach of children Power points shouldn’t be overloaded
- 38. All efforts shouldbe made to carry victims to nearby hospital If possible, first aid can be given to victims It is the duty of people present there to get trapped people out If we smell fuel at accident site , warn people and don’t light fire
- 40. We must informpolice if we come across any suspected group of people We must stay away from any suspicious things and inform police about that. Do not accept packages from strangers Do not leave luggage unattended while travelling
- 42. Ensure safe drinkingwater , sanitation after a disaster . Health workers should be trained. Covering of all stored water containers A surveillance should be established to detect outbreaks
- 43.
- 44. It is importantto understand man made disasters now that they can cause irreversible damage, and it is in fact ourselves who are causing these disasters because of our ignorance and some even being caused by intent.