Download to read offline
Marketing services
- 1.
- 2. Slide 15.2 Introduction • Phenomenalgrowth of services, with the resultant shift towards a service economy attributed to rising affluence, more leisure time and growing complexity of products that require servicing. • In major European countries, USA and Japan, private and public sector services account for 60-75% of gross domestic output.
- 3. Slide 15.3 Introduction • Serviceindustries vary greatly from governmental organisations such as the National Health Service of the United Kingdom to private non profit organisations such as museums and charities.
- 4. Slide 15.4 The natureof services • A service is defined as any activity or benefit that one party can offer to another which is essentially intangible and does not result in the ownership of anything. • The same general principles of marketing apply to both products and services, but services have characteristics that mean that instead of four P's, there are seven in a services marketing mix.
- 5. Slide 15.5 Services defined •A service is any activity or benefit that one party can offer to another which is essentially intangible and does not result in the ownership of anything. Its production may or may not be tied to a physical product.
- 6. Slide 15.6 Services defined •Most company offerings to customers contain an element of service and this is illustrated by the service continuum. Figure 15.1 The tangible–intangible continuum for goods and services
- 7. Slide 15.7 Categorising offeringsalong the service continuum • Pure tangible goods – toothpaste • Tangible goods accompanied by one or more service – computer and warranty • Hybrid offer consists of equal parts of goods and services – restaurants • Service with accompanying minor goods – air travel • Pure service – haircut
- 8. Slide 15.8 Service characteristics •Intangibility • Inseparability • Variability • Perishability • Lack of ownership Produktion och konsumtion är förenat Sällan exakt likadan – kvalitet? Kan ej lagras Går ej att känna osv Upphör att existera efter konsumtion
- 9. Slide 15.9 Intangibility – Cannotbe seen, tasted, felt, heard or smelt before they are bought. – Service providers need to manage the evidence by providing evidence of the benefits.
- 10. Slide 15.10 Inseparability – Servicesproduced and consumed simultaneously. – Cannot be separated from providers, whether people or machines. – Customers are always involved
- 11. Slide 15.11 Variability – Qualitymay vary greatly depending on who provides the service, when and how. – Staff need to know how to do something well. – Staff must be well motivated to maintain high standards of service.
- 12. Slide 15.12 Perishability – Servicescannot be stored for later sale or use.
- 13. Slide 15.13 Lack ofownership – No physical product is exchanged and therefore nothing owned.
- 14. Slide 15.14 Marketing strategiesfor service firms • The service component and support processes of product offerings are rapidly becoming the competitive advantage in winning customer loyalty.
- 15. Slide 15.15 The service–profitchain • Internal service quality – Superior selection and training of staff • Satisfied and productive service employees • Greater service value • Satisfied and loyal customers • Healthy service – profits and growth
- 16. Slide 15.16 Three typesof interdependent marketing in service industries • Internal marketing • External marketing • Interactive marketing F M K
- 17. Slide 15.17 Internal marketing –Marketing conducted by a service firm to train and effectively motivate its customer contact employees and all the supporting service people to work as a team to provide customer satisfaction.
- 18. Slide 15.18 External marketing –Traditional marketing incorporating the 7Ps • Price • Product/service • Place • Promotion • People • Processes • Physical environment – of the services marketing mix.
- 19. Slide 15.19 Interactive marketing –Marketing that recognises that the perceived service quality depends heavily on the buyer- seller interaction. – Emphasis on relationship marketing.
- 20. Slide 15.20 Major tasksof service industries • Service companies are faced with three major marketing tasks; they need to: – increase competitive differentiation – increase service quality – increase productivity
- 21. Slide 15.21 Managing differentiation •Intensive price competition has resulted in service differentiation to increase competitiveness. • The 3 Ps, people, processes and physical environment of service marketing and service delivery – form the core differential and competitive advantage. • Service intangibility and variability means that a consistent brand is not easily built.
- 22. Slide 15.22 Managing servicequality • The key to success is to exceed customer service quality expectations. • Customer satisfaction is achieved if the delivered service quality exceeds the customer’s expectation. • However, expectation is a variable component and depends upon the perception and expectations of the individual customer.
- 23. Slide 15.23 Ten keydeterminants of perceived service quality (1) • Concerned with the quality outcome of the service – Access – Credibility – Knowledge – Reliability – Security
- 24. Slide 15.24 Ten keydeterminants of perceived service quality (2) • Related to the delivery process – Competence – Communication – Courtesy – Responsiveness – Tangibles
- 25. Slide 15.25 Characteristics ofservice organisations • Customer obsession • Management commitment to quality • High service quality standards • Scrutinise service performance • Good service recovery and management of disgruntled customers • Empowerment of employees, especially front-line staff • Satisfy and reward employees as well as customers
- 26. Slide 15.26 Managing productivity •Training and development of staff. • Service providers can increase the quantity of service by reducing some quality. • Industrialise the service. • Design more effective service delivery mechanisms. • Customers are given incentives to substitute company labour. • Introduce new technology to save time and costs and increase efficiencies.
- 27. Slide 15.27 International servicesmarketing • The global economy is dominated by services! • The World Trade Organisation estimates that commercial–service trade is now worth over one trillion Euros, approximately 25% of global trade. • Worldwide growth of services is 16% per annum over the past decade and double the growth rate of manufacturing. • The trend is towards the outsourcing of skilled professional services to overseas locations. • The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) has extended international trade rules to address services as well as manufactured goods, but these are in their infancy.