Marsden Net Neutrality Internet Governance Forum 2018 #IGF2018

Marsden Net Neutrality Internet Governance Forum 2018 #IGF2018

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  Net Neutrality If youcan’t measure it, you can’t violate it? Prof Chris Marsden, University of Sussex @ChrisTMarsden www.chrismarsden.blogspot.com 11/13/2018
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  11/13/2018 Is there aproblem to solve?
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  Prior art.... 11/13/2018
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  11/13/2018
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  11/13/2018 Jan 2017
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  11/13/2018 There was onceconsensus on NN
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   Mainly inChapter 3:  http://www.oapen.org/view?docId=622853.xhtml;query=network%20neutrality  P210: A Paris conference in 2005 of the most senior IAPs and academics concluded that the only foolproof method of discovering violations is  when IAPs not only admit to the practice but use it as marketing  to sell their services as superior to ‘neutral’ competitors.  Research into detection of violation in Europe has been deliberately blocked by potential funders,  whether or not under pressure from corporate interests,  while research building the technical and economic case for violation has been richly rewarded 11/13/2018 Measurement discussed 26x in book
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   Quality ofExperience – SamKnows, Wehe, Neubot #DCNN  Data across networks – is CISCO data enough?  ARCEP on Tier 1 competition issues  Proxies: NetFlix, Akamai  Content Delivery Networks: Akamai, Google, Facebook  We should stop GUESSING how traffic is flowing  See BEREC/OECD work, Ofcom ‘Connected nations’ &  FCC Open Internet Committee (deceased) 11/13/2018 What should we measure?
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  11/13/2018 Zero rating…if it’sfree, I’ll have 2
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   I’m toocheap to qualify for zero rating…  I have a 500MB monthly limit (€9/mth) I use WiFi for 80% of my handset data  Roam EU til 29March 2019 #zombieapocalypse day  When I reach 250MB, I get text reminders  2am every morning, upselling me to more data  Remember network constantly monitoring us!  Isn’t that nice of them? Even when told not to11/13/2018 3 is my network: 5th UK entrant
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  11/13/2018
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   Internet growingat historic slower rates  Mobile Internet costs should fall fast  Regulators can adopt a relatively light touch  BUT  Measure speed,  prevent abuse,  Don’t be evil 11/13/2018 Don’t panic!
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  By Region (TBper Month) North America 557,237 831,457 1,199,309 1,700,159 2,327,596 3,208,203 42% Western Europe 432,322 707,537 1,045,171 1,477,156 2,060,788 2,795,362 45% Asia Pacific 1,578,865 2,676,873 4,422,785 6,725,446 9,771,677 13,712,874 54% Latin America 276,416 447,991 714,540 1,065,744 1,521,312 2,091,703 50% Central and Eastern Europe 545,750 946,263 1,510,630 2,242,669 3,249,449 4,442,281 52% Middle East and Africa 294,476 569,895 1,038,661 1,723,221 2,777,550 4,313,794 71% Cisco VNI Mobile Forecast to 2020 11/13/2018
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  It’s not Zettabytes!
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  Alissa may havelater data inc. 5G?
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   Dominant platformproviders  Facebook, Microsoft, Google, Amazon, Apple  With dominant access providers  social network + mobile operator  Diagram ©ARCEP (French regulator)  Are content providers a problem? Wikipedia, NetFlix, Spotify? 11/13/2018 Telcos collude with platforms?
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  OONI website <https://ooni.torproject.org/>and mailing list <https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/ooni-dev/> Ritzo, Chris, et al. "ISP Interconnection and its Impact on Consumer Internet Performance: Introducing A New M-Lab Consortium Technical Report". 2014 http://www.measurementlab.net/blog/2014_interconnection_report Naylor, David, et al. "The Cost of the S in HTTPS." Proceedings of the 10th ACM International on Conference on emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies. ACM, 2014: http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/co- next/2014/CoNEXT_papers/p133.pdf Anderson, Collin. "Dimming the Internet: Detecting Throttling as a Mechanism of Censorship in Iran." arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.4361 (2013).: http://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.4361.pdf  - "A Business Case for Peering in 2010": http://drpeering.net/white-papers/A-Business-Case-For-Peering.php  - "The Euro-IX video": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QuBde4Sn3f0 Faggiani, Adriano, et al. "When Traceroute Met BGP... How to Reveal Hidden Internet AS-level Connectivity with Portolan and Isolario.“ INFOCOM'2014 Demo/Poster Session: http://portolan.iet.unipi.it/wp- content/uploads/2014/12/when.pdf de Donato, Walter, Alessio Botta, and Antonio Pescapé. "HoBBIT: A Platform for Monitoring Broadband Performance from the User Network.“ Traffic Monitoring and Analysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014.65-77: http://wpage.unina.it/walter.dedonato/pubs/bb_tma14.pdf Maillé, Patrick, et al. "How Neutral is a CDN? An Economic Approach." 10th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM). IEEE.: http://www.cnsm-conf.org/2014/proceedings/pdf/54.pdf Marco d'Itri, "An introduction to peering in Italy - Interconnections among the Italian networks": http://www.linux.it/~md/text/peering-italy2014linx.pdf Basso, Simone "Neubot: The network neutrality bot", poster session of Nexa Conference 2013: http://neubot.org/neubotfiles/neubot-poster_2013-11-30.pdf 11/13/2018 Final reading list of NNTools2015:
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   Is mobileInternet a free user’s choice?  How much does your data cost?  Apple iOS + iTunes  Google Android + Google Play Store Problem goes back a decade  First iPhone was exclusive to AT&T – same in other markets  Permitting Facebook/Instagram/WhatsApp mergers  Made Microsoft/LinkedIn/SlideShare inevitable? 11/13/2018 Mobile universe particularly problematic
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   Regulation, enforcementand implementation,  focussing on EU Regulation 2015/2120  BEREC Guidelines 2016 enforcement consultation June 2017  http://berec.europa.eu/eng/document_register/subject_matter/berec/p ublic_consultations/7093-draft-net-neutrality-regulatory-assessment- methodology  Guidelines/enforcement success dependent on  actions of 28 national regulators & 9 observer regulators  (one of whom actually wrote the majority of the Guidelines).  Comparison with other parts of the world  Examples: India, US and Chile  http://chrismarsden.blogspot.co.uk/2017/09/berec-publishes-study- on-net-neutrality.html 11/13/2018 Past, present, future of net neutrality
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   Net neutralityimplementation  EU/EEA/UK, USA & Canada, BRICs & Mexico  Regulating Code Part II  AI and disinformation: regulating ‘Platforms’?  Openness and mandated interoperability  Social network ‘platform’ regulation Privacy of data transfer/personal data stores  Co-regulation & NGO/civil society debate NN produced 4m US/2m India/500k EU responses 11/13/2018 My current work
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   Will DonaldTrump the Internet? https://theconversation.com/donald-trump-could-be- about-to-end-net-neutrality-71732  Mobile in Latin America/‘zero washing’ (in Spanish) http://m.eltiempo.com/tecnosfera/novedades- tecnologia/como-funciona-el-zero-rating-129586  European net neutrality, at last? https://www.opendemocracy.net/luca-belli- christopher-t-marsden/european-net-neutrality-at-last 11/13/2018 Some light reading?
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  11/13/2018 Law professor’s talkwithout blockchain