Mayank

Mayank

• 1.
  Production technology ofcucumber & Bottle gourd
• 2.
  Production technology ofcucumber • B.N. – Cucumis sativus • Family : Cucurbitaceae • Origin : • Plant type : monoecious
• 3.
  Introduction • The cucumberplant is the annual creeping vine that grows on any supporting frames • The plant has large prickly, hairy triangular leaves that form a canopy over a fruit and yellow flowers which are mostly either male or female • Fruits are false berry or pepo, elongated and round triangular in shape
• 4.
  Nutritional and healthvalues • The high water content makes cucumber a diuretic and it also has a cleansing action within the body by removing accumulated pockets of old waste material and chemical toxin • The magnesium content in cucumber also relaxes nerve and muscles and keep blood circulating smoothly
• 5.
  Growth stage • Vegetativegrowth consists of 2 stages : • Stage 1 : Upright growth is the initial stage that stars when first true leaves emerge and it end after 5-6 nodes • Stage 2 : vining starts after 6 nodes. Then side shoot begin to emerge from leaf axis, while main leader continues to grow
• 6.
  Crop Establishment • Soil: Cucumber prefer light textured soil that are well drained , high in organic matter and have a ph of 6-6.8 • Seed rate : • 3-5 kg seeds / ha • Spacing : • 120 ×30 cm
• 7.
  Climate • Cucumbers arevery sensitive to cold climate and may be killed at 1 c • It has minimum germination temperature of 35 c, with an optimum germination temperature range of 16 to 35 c • Planting must be delayed until all danger of frost is passed • Windbreak is essential for early production of this crop
• 8.
  Irrigation : Returnsof picking cucumber may increase with proper irrigation • The water needs of a cucumber plants are most sensitive during the fruit set and development period Wind : winds not only damage plants but slow down the rate of growth. If no natural protection is available strip of corn or fall planted rye can be used.
• 9.
  Nutrition required • Manure: 20 t / ha • Lime : lime to a PH of 6 to 6.8 • Fertilizer : • Application method : Up to 100 kg of ( N†K ) per hectare can be applied in a band , 5 cm to the side and 5 cm below the seed al planting with the reminder of the fertilizer broadcast before planting.
• 10.
  Harvesting and handling •Fruits of slicer should be harvested before the seed become too well developed . This is usually while the fruits are still rough • Do not allow any fruits to remain and form seed on the vines, Because production of new fruit will be reduced
• 11.
  Storage and conditioning •The recommended storage temperature 10 to 13 c at a relative humidity of 95 % • Even under these conditions , cucumber can not be expected to keep satisfactorily for more than 2 to 3 weeks • Humidity should kept high to prevent shriveling • Holding cucumber at high temperature will cause a rapid loss of green color
• 12.
  Production technology ofBottle gourd • B.N : Lagenaria siceraia • Family : Cucurbitaceae • Common name : Dudhi, Lauki. • Origin : Africa
• 13.
  Introduction • Bottle gourdis a fence creeper , it grow on the ground like most other members of the pumpkin family. • It is annual and dies at the end of each growing season • Flowers are monoecious in nature • The fruit is green at first , but becomes pale brown when it ripen and dried out
• 14.
  Climate & soilrequire Soil : It grow well in sand to clay soil. Temperature: Bottle gourd like plenty of sunlight and do not grow well in shady areas Plant grow well in 25 to 35 c temperature temperature below 15 c and above reduce the germination Rainfall: Bottle gourd require 400 to 600 mm per annum.
• 15.
  Cultivation practices • Propagation: Depending upon condition , seed can be sown directly or it may be raised in the nursery and then transplanted • Spacing : 2 * 1 m • Soil preparation : Plough the field to fine tilt and dig pits of the 30 * 30 cm size at 2.5 * 2 m spacing
• 16.
  • Fertilization :The institute of vegetables research of India council of Agriculture research recommended applying fertilizer al a rate of 50 -100 kg N , 40 – 60 kg P , 30 -60 kg K / ha in cucurbits • Irrigation : It require little attention when growing under normal rainy season condition. • Watering every three to four weeks will be necessary during a dry summer
• 17.
  • Weed control: Weeding can be done by hoeing as and when necessary • Diseases control : Powdery mildew cab be prevalent under humid condition during summer and can quickly spread to all seedlings in a nursery net house
• 18.
  Harvesting • The fruitsare ready to harvest 60 to 120 days after sowing depending on the variety • Fruits are harvested at tender stage and before 100 % maturity • They can usually can harvested at the end of summer growing season when the plant losses most of its leaves during the period from march to may
• 19.
  Post harvest handling •After harvest the gourds need to be stored out of the weather for another six months to allow for curing then gourds will loss 90 % of its weight as water evaporates from the fruits. • Seed Harvesting • Grading • Storage