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Mch4 child growth and development
The document discusses child growth, focusing on low birth weight, its causes, and preventive measures, as well as guidelines for infant feeding practices. It highlights the importance of growth monitoring using charts to assess child development and identifies common health issues such as malnutrition and infections affecting preschool-aged children. The content also emphasizes the need for integrated services in maternal, newborn, and child health to improve outcomes.
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Mch4 child growth and development
- 1. Child Growth Dr MamtaG, Community Medicine, GMC Siddipet
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- 4. Measuring the baby •Birth weight • Length • Head circumference
- 6. Low birth weight=due to Short gestation or IUGR
- 9. PRETERM (<37 WEEKS) POSTERM (>42 WEEKS) TERM (37-42WEEKS) EXTREME <28 VERY 28-32 MODERATE/LATE 32-37
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- 11. Causes of pretermbirth Bmj.com
- 12. Causes of deathin preterm babies Atelectasis Malformation Pulmonary hge Causes of death in preterm babies Atelectasis Malformation Pulmonary hge Intracranial bleeding Intracranial bleeding Pneumonia etc infections
- 13. IUGR = SmallFor Date babies Maternal causes Placental causes Fetal causes
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- 15. Prevention of LBW •Direct interventions: Nutrition, infections, early detection of conditions • Indirect interventions: Family planning Sanitation Development Social services
- 16. Treatment of LBW •Incubatory care- temp, O2, humidity • Feeding • Prevention of infections
- 17. Feeding of infants 1.Breastfeeding • Advantages? • Feed by the clock? 2. Artificial feeding • Principles of artificial feeding? • Options?
- 18. BFHI 1. Written breastfeedingpolicy 2. Training of staff 3. Inform mothers 4. Help mothers initiate 5. Show mothers for separation 6. Exclusive breastfeeding 7. Rooming-in 8. On demand 9. No pacifiers 10.Support groups
- 19. • Prohibits promotionof Infant food Infant milk substitutes Feeding bottles National guidelines on infant and young child feeding
- 20. Growth and development •Physical size • Skills and functions Determined by: 1. Genetics 2. Nutrition 3. Age 4. Sex 5. Environment 6. Psychology 7. Infections 8. Economics 9. Others What’s Normal???? Upto 2 SD or between 3rd and 97th percentiles
- 21. Growth assessment &Surveillance 1. Harvard/Boston 2. WHO reference 3. ICMR 1. Physical growth 2. Behavioral Development
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- 23. Methods of growth monitoring 1.Growth monitoring 2. Diagnostic tool 3. Planning and policy making 4. Educational tool 5. Tool for action 6. Evaluation 7. Tool for teaching Uses of Growth chart 1. Growth chart 2. Height for age 3. Weight for height 4. Arm circumference
- 24. Height measurement in Anganwadi Youtubechannel: Anganwadi helpline
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- 26. Care of preschoolchild • 10% population of our population • 45% deaths relate to malnutrition • 40% have mild PEM • Crucial period for growth and development • Less accessible age • Vulnerable age which may decide for adult life
- 27. Child health problems Lowbirth weight Malnutrition Infections Accidents Behavioral
- 28. Malnutrition ??What’s in theGallery ??
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- 33. Infections and parasitosis ??What’sin the Gallery??
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- 39. Homework: Read, discussamong yourselves Integrated services delivery package for maternal, newborn and child health (Figure)
- 40. Next class- Socialservices and Geriatrics
- 41. Class work- Todo- Mark the following children in growth charts. 1.Akshay, Mch DOB 20.10.2019, Birth weight: 2.6kg, today (25.10.21): 15kg 2.Disha, Fch DOB 12.01.2021, B.wt: 2kg, at 4mth: 6kg, today: 9 kg 3.Harith, Mch DOB 1.11.2018, B.wt: 3kg, at 9 mth: 5kg, at 18 mth: 14kg, today: 16kg
- 42. Key for thequiz: A. KWASHIORKOR B. MARASMUS C. BITOTS SPOT = VIT A DEFICIENCY D. PALLOR=ANEMIA E. HYPOTHYROIDISM/IODINE DEFIENCY/CRETINISM F. DEHYDRATION (MAY BE DUE TO DIARRHEA) G. CHEST RETRACTION ON INSPIRATION WITH NASAL FLARING (SIGNS OF PNEUMONIA) H. MEASLES (CHARACTERSTIC RASHES) I. POLIO J. DIPHTHERIA (CHARACTERISTIC)
- 43. KEY FOR GROWTHCHARTS 1. Not appropriate to mark and comment on growth curve with only two known points (should have minimum 3 points); current weight lies in severely underweight category; baby needs immediate medical attention and is at high risk for various infections) 2. Normal growth curve but current measurement lies in overweight category 3. Normal growth curve but is overweight for age Note: some one or two kg deviation beyond normal can be over looked in under-5 kids and isn’t a cause for concern
Editor's Notes
- #4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkFvYhOMC4o&ab_channel=care4cute https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8Wlc5wFHf4&ab_channel=Nestl%C3%A9NutritionInstitute https://youtu.be/JGAoHkkrGnk
- #26 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euamVLL1gRs&ab_channel=Nestl%C3%A9NutritionInstitute
- #33 cretinism