MCQ – Sperm Retrieval Techniques

MCQ – Sperm Retrieval Techniques

• 1.
  MCQ 1 –Sperm Retrieval Techniques  Which of the following is correct with regard to azoospermia: a) obstructive azoospermia (OA) have normal spermatogenesis and a mechanical block somewhere between the epididymis and the ejaculatory duct. Common causes of OA include vasectomy, post- infectious diseases and congenital conditions. b) nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) have extremely deficient or absent sperm production within the testicles. Common causes of NOA include cryptorchidism, orquitis, radio/chemotherapy, use of gonadotoxic medication and steroids, and genetic origin. c) nonobstructive azoospermia have retrieval rates dependent on the method of collection. Testicular histopathology results and Y- chromosome microdeletion testing are useful tools to predict the likelihood of sperm retrieval. d) obstructive azoospermia have virtually 100% successful retrievals. Retrieval rates and ICSI outcomes are neither dependent on the method of collection nor on the origin of sperm for ICSI (epididymal or testicular) e) All of the above
• 2.
  MCQ 2 –Sperm Retrieval Techniques  The following techniques can be used to retrieve sperm in men with nonobstructive azoospermia: a) PESA (percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration). b) Micro-TESE (microdissection testicular sperm extraction). c) TESA (testicular sperm aspiration). d) Conventional TESE (testicular sperm extraction) using single or multiple biopsies.
• 3.
  MCQ 3 –Sperm Retrieval Techniques  The following statements apply to sperm retrieval techniques: a) Micro-TESE yields higher sperm retrieval success rates than conventional TESE or TESA. b) PESA is a fast, effective and safe method to retrieve sperm in obstructive azoospermia. Expertise in microsurgery is required for PESA. c) TESA is safe and effective in cases of failed PESA. No expertise in microsurgery is required for TESA. d) MESA is indicated in obstructive azoospermia. Sperm retrieval rates are comparable to PESA although higher sperm number is obtained.
• 4.
  MCQ 4 –Sperm Retrieval Techniques  Overall, sperm retrieval success and pregnancy rates by ICSI (using retrieved sperm) in men with obstructive (OA) and nonobstructive (NOA) azoospermia are: a) 50% and 30%, 70% and 25%, respectively. b) >90% and 40%, 50-60% and 25%, respectively. c) 50% and 30%, respectively, and rates are not dependent on the type of azoospermia being obstructive or nonobstructive. d) 100% and 50% in OA men with vasectomy, and 0% in NOA men with testicular histology showing germ cell aplasia (Sertoli cell-only).