This document discusses key concepts in manual camera operation including white balance, exposure, focus, shutter, framing and composition, and the 180-degree rule. White balance informs the camera of the primary light source. Exposure adjusts the amount of light entering the camera using f-stops. Focus is important to control the distance between the subject and background. The shutter speed controls how long the camera iris remains open, affecting motion blur. Framing and composition involve techniques like headroom, talk space, and the rule of thirds. The 180-degree rule concerns positioning the camera between two subjects to avoid making it seem like they have turned their backs.