Multicultural Interdisciplinary
Handbook Outcomes Overview
Francisco José García Peñalvo
Grupo de investigación GRIAL
http://grial.usal.es
fgarcia@usal.es
The project MIH (502461-LLP-1-2009-1-ES-COMENIUS-CMP) has been funded with support from the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held
responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Contents
•  MIH
•  TRAILER
•  Conclusions
MIH overview
Multicultural Interdisciplinary
Handbook: Tools for Learning
History and Geography in a
Multicultural Perspective (MIH)
Comenius Multilateral Project
502461-LLP-1-2009-1-ES-COMENIUS-
CMP
The aim of this Project was to build and share a
set of tools that includes a HandBook, Digital
Modules and a Teacher Training Course
They offer a structured path through European
Contemporary History and Geography where the
countries concerned were the same project
partners
Main outcomes
•  A HandBook and Digital Materials, that deal
with a choice of historical and geographical
topics, selected among those that have had
an important impact in the national imagery
in the last two centuries
•  A Teacher Training Course addressed to both
future and in–service teachers. The training
develops the topics dealt by the HandBook
and explains its methodology and issues
MIH partners
Universidad de Salamanca (Spain)
Pädagogische Hochschule Tirol (Austria)
Hafelekar Unternehmensberatung Schober GmbH -
Innsbruck (Austria)
Institut Universitaire de Formation des Maîtres - Créteil
(France)
University of Augsburg (Germany)
University of Siegen (Germany)
Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia (Italy)
Społeczna Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości i Zarządzania
(Poland)
MIH impact
Immediate beneficiaries, who were involved in
evaluation and pilot testing, are
•  Future teachers of Languages, History and
Geography enrolled with the partner institutions
•  Teachers currently in service in associated schools
as well as those that can be reached in the course
programme
Project steps
1.  Define key topics and methodology based on
comparative studies and collaborative engagement
2.  Draft initial version of the handbook and implement
quality evaluation
3.  Write the final version of the handbook in English
4.  Develop a storyboard of the modules and produce
multimedia resources
5.  Design the teacher-training course
6.  Run a pilot study of the toolset and related quality
evaluation
LearningObject	
  
(A	
  unit	
  or	
  a	
  topic)	
  
LearningObject	
  
(A	
  unit	
  or	
  a	
  topic)	
  
LearningObject	
  
(A	
  unit	
  or	
  a	
  topic)	
  
LearningObject	
  
(A	
  didac5c	
  goal	
  with	
  
a	
  cultural	
  
orienta5on)	
  
LearningObject	
  
(A	
  didac5c	
  goal	
  with	
  
a	
  cultural	
  
orienta5on)	
  
LearningObject	
  
(A	
  didac5c	
  goal	
  with	
  
a	
  cultural	
  
orienta5on)	
  
+
Basic	
  LearningObject	
  
(a	
  video,	
  an	
  audio,	
  a	
  text,	
  a	
  
table,	
  an	
  anima5on,	
  etc.)	
  
Basic	
  LearningObject	
  
(a	
  video,	
  an	
  audio,	
  a	
  text,	
  a	
  
table,	
  an	
  anima5on,	
  etc.)	
  
+
Methodological	
  
guidelines	
  
+
MIH	
  
Handbook	
  
MULTICULTURALITY	
  
RESOURCES	
  
EUROPEAN	
  DIMENSION	
  
DIDACTICS	
  
Learning Object model
Learning object example
hNp://grial4.usal.es/MIH/propagandaFirstWorldWarES/en	
  	
  
Digital Modules framework
•  Storyboard http://grial4.usal.es/MIHobject/
•  Questionnaires
http://grialdspace.usal.es:443/bitstream/grial/184/7/
pupil_and_teacher_questionnaires.zip
•  Digital Modules repository
http://grialdspace.usal.es:443/handle/grial/118
•  Handbook
http://mihproject.eu/dissemination/handbook
Digital Modules production
•  Template that allows the creation of Digital Modules with
the same appearance and structure as those produced in
MIH
http://grialdspace.usal.es:443/bitstream/grial/174/1/
template_eXeLearning.zip
•  Multilingual video tutorials
ü Storyboard of the Digital Modules
http://grial4.usal.es/MIHtutorials/storyboard/
ü Template for the Digital Modules
http://grial4.usal.es/MIHtutorials/template/
ü Multicultural perspective of Digital Modules
http://grial4.usal.es/MIHtutorials/multicultural/
Some MIH milestones
•  40 Digital Modules in original language; 37 of them
have been also translated into English
ü All of them available in the module repository
•  During the second year of the project, 73 teachers
participated in a training course for then carrying
out the pilot phase in classroom with 800 pupils
Some MIH milestones
•  Multiculturalism in Technology-Based Education:
Case Studies on ICT-Supported Approaches
DOI:	
  10.4018/978-­‐1-­‐4666-­‐2101-­‐5,	
  ISBN13:	
  9781466621015,	
  
ISBN10:	
  146662101X,	
  EISBN13:	
  9781466621022	
  
hNp://www.igi-­‐global.com/book/mul5culturalism-­‐technology-­‐based-­‐educa5on/66383	
  	
  
Some MIH milestones
•  MIH Handbook
F. J. García Peñalvo, V. Zangrando, A. M. Seoane Pardo, A. García
Holgado, J. Szczecinska, J. M. Baldner, A. Consonni, C. Crivellari
Multicultural
Interdisciplinary Handbook
Tools for Learning History and Geography in a
Multicultural Perspective
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Comenius Multilateral!Project!
502461-2009-LLP-ES-COMENIUS-CM
This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication
reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for
any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
ISBN:	
  978-­‐84-­‐695-­‐4978-­‐0	
  
hNp://mihproject.eu/dissemina5on/handbook	
  	
  
From MIH to TRAILER
Tagging, Recognition and
Acknowledgment of Informal
Learning ExpeRience (TRAILER)
ICT (KA 3) Multilateral Project
519141-LLP-1-2011-1-ES-KA3-KA3MP
Main objective is to articulate the activity flow
involved in the integration of informal learning as
part of an individual’s development; this starts
with the identification by the learner of informal
learning activities and the subsequent process in
which these are made visible to the institution.
This will be done by developing methodologies
and tools that facilitate this process, making it
transparent both to learners and institutions and
allowing all involved to make the most of these
processes
Outcomes
•  Definition and application of
methodologies and recommendations for
the integration of informal learning in
educational institutions and the
workplace
•  Establishment of the technological
framework (ILC, Portfolio Component,
Competence Catalogue and Institutional
Environment)
•  Set of pilot actions
TRAILER partners
University of Salamanca (Spain)
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Spain)
Open Universiteit Nederland (Netherlands)
University of Bolton (United Kingdom)
Dom Szkolen i Doradztwa Mykowska
Aleksandra (Poland)
Instituto Politécnico do Porto (Portugal)
University of Belgrade (Serbia)
TRAILER keywords
TRAILER architecture
TRAILER workflow
Conclusions
•  MIH has mainly developed a methodology and a set of tools that
allow applying innovative teaching & learning practices through a
multicultural approach (including also ICT and languages – CLIL –
skills)
•  The European dimension has been tackled from the History and
Geography perspectives, but it may be easily adopted in other
disciplines
•  The sustainability and the evolution of the MIH will be achieved
through training courses for teachers and the development of a new
COMENIUS project so called EHISTO (European history crossroads
as pathways to intercultural and media education, 527752-
LLP-1-2012-1-DE-COMENIUS-CMP, http://grial.usal.es/ehistoproject)
•  MIH has also a competence development dimension, allowing and
promoting informal learning too. This goal is currently being tackled
in TRAILER project
MIH project websites
http://mihproject.eu
http://facebook.com/mihproject
http://twitter.com/mihproject
TRAILER project websites
http://trailerproject.eu / http://repository.trailerproject.eu
http://facebook.com/trailerproject
http://twitter.com/trailer_project
https://plus.google.com/117851857120649830001
http://www.flickr.com/groups/trailerproject
http://www.linkedin.com/groups/TRAILER-project-4446747
Referencias
•  García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2013). Multiculturalism in Technology-Based Education: Case Studies on ICT-Supported Approaches.
Hershey, PA, USA: Information Science Reference
•  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Conde, M. Á., Zangrando, V., García-Holgado, A., Seoane, A. M., Alier, M., . . . Minović, M. (2013).
TRAILER Project (Tagging, Recognition, Acknowledgment of Informal Learning Experiences). A Methodology to Make
Learners’ Informal Learning Activities Visible to the Institutions. Journal of Universal Computer Science, 19(11), 1661-1683.
doi: 10.3217/jucs-019-11-1661
•  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Conde, M. Á., Johnson, M., & Alier, M. (2013). Knowledge Co-Creation Process Based on Informal
Learning Competences Tagging and Recognition. International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology
Professionals (IJHCITP), 4(4), 18-30. doi: 10.4018/ijhcitp.2013100102
•  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Johnson, M., Ribeiro Alves, G., Minovic, M., & Conde-González, M. Á. (2014). Informal learning
recognition through a cloud ecosystem. Future Generation Computer Systems, 32, 282-294. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2013.08.004
•  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Zangrando, V., García-Holgado, A., Conde, M. Á., Seone Pardo, A. M., Alier Forment, M., . . . Minovic,
M. (2012). TRAILER project overview: Tagging, recognition and acknowledgment of informal learning experiences. Paper
presented at the 2012 International Symposium on Computers in Education (SIIE), Andorra La Vella, Andorra. October
29-31, 2012. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6403200
•  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Zangrando, V., Seoane Pardo, A. M., García Holgado, A., & Ovide, E. (2011). Learning European history
and geography in a multicultural and ICT perspective. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning (IJTEL), 3(4),
343-354. doi: 10.1504/IJTEL.2011.041278
•  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Zangrando, V., Seoane Pardo, A. M., García Holgado, A., Szczecinska, J., Baldner, J. M., . . . Crivellari,
C. (2012). Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook. Tools for Learning History and Geography in a Multicultural Perspective.
Salamanca, Spain: Research GRoup in InterAction and eLearning.
•  Zangrando, V., García-Peñalvo, F. J., & Seoane Pardo, A. M. (2010). Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook (MIH): Tools for
Learning History and Geography in a Multicultural and ICT Perspective. In M. D. Lytras, P. O. DePablos, D. Avison, J. Sipior,
Q. Jin, W. Leal, L. Uden, M. Thomas, S. Cervai, & D. Horner (Eds.), Technology Enhanced Learning: Quality of Teaching and
Educational Reform. 1st International Conference, TECH-EDUCATION 2010, Athens, Greece, May 19-21, 2010. Proceedings
(Athens, Greece, May 19-21, 2010) (pp. 374-378). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
Multicultural Interdisciplinary
Handbook Outcomes Overview
Francisco José García Peñalvo
Grupo de investigación GRIAL
http://grial.usal.es
fgarcia@usal.es
The project MIH (502461-LLP-1-2009-1-ES-COMENIUS-CMP) has been funded with support from the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held
responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein

Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook - reAct International Conference (Valencia)

  • 1.
    Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook OutcomesOverview Francisco José García Peñalvo Grupo de investigación GRIAL http://grial.usal.es [email protected] The project MIH (502461-LLP-1-2009-1-ES-COMENIUS-CMP) has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
  • 2.
  • 3.
    MIH overview Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook:Tools for Learning History and Geography in a Multicultural Perspective (MIH) Comenius Multilateral Project 502461-LLP-1-2009-1-ES-COMENIUS- CMP The aim of this Project was to build and share a set of tools that includes a HandBook, Digital Modules and a Teacher Training Course They offer a structured path through European Contemporary History and Geography where the countries concerned were the same project partners Main outcomes •  A HandBook and Digital Materials, that deal with a choice of historical and geographical topics, selected among those that have had an important impact in the national imagery in the last two centuries •  A Teacher Training Course addressed to both future and in–service teachers. The training develops the topics dealt by the HandBook and explains its methodology and issues
  • 4.
    MIH partners Universidad deSalamanca (Spain) Pädagogische Hochschule Tirol (Austria) Hafelekar Unternehmensberatung Schober GmbH - Innsbruck (Austria) Institut Universitaire de Formation des Maîtres - Créteil (France) University of Augsburg (Germany) University of Siegen (Germany) Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia (Italy) Społeczna Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości i Zarządzania (Poland)
  • 5.
    MIH impact Immediate beneficiaries,who were involved in evaluation and pilot testing, are •  Future teachers of Languages, History and Geography enrolled with the partner institutions •  Teachers currently in service in associated schools as well as those that can be reached in the course programme
  • 6.
    Project steps 1.  Definekey topics and methodology based on comparative studies and collaborative engagement 2.  Draft initial version of the handbook and implement quality evaluation 3.  Write the final version of the handbook in English 4.  Develop a storyboard of the modules and produce multimedia resources 5.  Design the teacher-training course 6.  Run a pilot study of the toolset and related quality evaluation
  • 7.
    LearningObject   (A  unit  or  a  topic)   LearningObject   (A  unit  or  a  topic)   LearningObject   (A  unit  or  a  topic)   LearningObject   (A  didac5c  goal  with   a  cultural   orienta5on)   LearningObject   (A  didac5c  goal  with   a  cultural   orienta5on)   LearningObject   (A  didac5c  goal  with   a  cultural   orienta5on)   + Basic  LearningObject   (a  video,  an  audio,  a  text,  a   table,  an  anima5on,  etc.)   Basic  LearningObject   (a  video,  an  audio,  a  text,  a   table,  an  anima5on,  etc.)   + Methodological   guidelines   + MIH   Handbook   MULTICULTURALITY   RESOURCES   EUROPEAN  DIMENSION   DIDACTICS   Learning Object model
  • 8.
  • 9.
    Digital Modules framework • Storyboard http://grial4.usal.es/MIHobject/ •  Questionnaires http://grialdspace.usal.es:443/bitstream/grial/184/7/ pupil_and_teacher_questionnaires.zip •  Digital Modules repository http://grialdspace.usal.es:443/handle/grial/118 •  Handbook http://mihproject.eu/dissemination/handbook
  • 10.
    Digital Modules production • Template that allows the creation of Digital Modules with the same appearance and structure as those produced in MIH http://grialdspace.usal.es:443/bitstream/grial/174/1/ template_eXeLearning.zip •  Multilingual video tutorials ü Storyboard of the Digital Modules http://grial4.usal.es/MIHtutorials/storyboard/ ü Template for the Digital Modules http://grial4.usal.es/MIHtutorials/template/ ü Multicultural perspective of Digital Modules http://grial4.usal.es/MIHtutorials/multicultural/
  • 11.
    Some MIH milestones • 40 Digital Modules in original language; 37 of them have been also translated into English ü All of them available in the module repository •  During the second year of the project, 73 teachers participated in a training course for then carrying out the pilot phase in classroom with 800 pupils
  • 12.
    Some MIH milestones • Multiculturalism in Technology-Based Education: Case Studies on ICT-Supported Approaches DOI:  10.4018/978-­‐1-­‐4666-­‐2101-­‐5,  ISBN13:  9781466621015,   ISBN10:  146662101X,  EISBN13:  9781466621022   hNp://www.igi-­‐global.com/book/mul5culturalism-­‐technology-­‐based-­‐educa5on/66383    
  • 13.
    Some MIH milestones • MIH Handbook F. J. García Peñalvo, V. Zangrando, A. M. Seoane Pardo, A. García Holgado, J. Szczecinska, J. M. Baldner, A. Consonni, C. Crivellari Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook Tools for Learning History and Geography in a Multicultural Perspective ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Comenius Multilateral!Project! 502461-2009-LLP-ES-COMENIUS-CM This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. ISBN:  978-­‐84-­‐695-­‐4978-­‐0   hNp://mihproject.eu/dissemina5on/handbook    
  • 14.
    From MIH toTRAILER Tagging, Recognition and Acknowledgment of Informal Learning ExpeRience (TRAILER) ICT (KA 3) Multilateral Project 519141-LLP-1-2011-1-ES-KA3-KA3MP Main objective is to articulate the activity flow involved in the integration of informal learning as part of an individual’s development; this starts with the identification by the learner of informal learning activities and the subsequent process in which these are made visible to the institution. This will be done by developing methodologies and tools that facilitate this process, making it transparent both to learners and institutions and allowing all involved to make the most of these processes Outcomes •  Definition and application of methodologies and recommendations for the integration of informal learning in educational institutions and the workplace •  Establishment of the technological framework (ILC, Portfolio Component, Competence Catalogue and Institutional Environment) •  Set of pilot actions
  • 15.
    TRAILER partners University ofSalamanca (Spain) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Spain) Open Universiteit Nederland (Netherlands) University of Bolton (United Kingdom) Dom Szkolen i Doradztwa Mykowska Aleksandra (Poland) Instituto Politécnico do Porto (Portugal) University of Belgrade (Serbia)
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
    Conclusions •  MIH hasmainly developed a methodology and a set of tools that allow applying innovative teaching & learning practices through a multicultural approach (including also ICT and languages – CLIL – skills) •  The European dimension has been tackled from the History and Geography perspectives, but it may be easily adopted in other disciplines •  The sustainability and the evolution of the MIH will be achieved through training courses for teachers and the development of a new COMENIUS project so called EHISTO (European history crossroads as pathways to intercultural and media education, 527752- LLP-1-2012-1-DE-COMENIUS-CMP, http://grial.usal.es/ehistoproject) •  MIH has also a competence development dimension, allowing and promoting informal learning too. This goal is currently being tackled in TRAILER project
  • 20.
  • 21.
    TRAILER project websites http://trailerproject.eu/ http://repository.trailerproject.eu http://facebook.com/trailerproject http://twitter.com/trailer_project https://plus.google.com/117851857120649830001 http://www.flickr.com/groups/trailerproject http://www.linkedin.com/groups/TRAILER-project-4446747
  • 22.
    Referencias •  García-Peñalvo, F.J. (2013). Multiculturalism in Technology-Based Education: Case Studies on ICT-Supported Approaches. Hershey, PA, USA: Information Science Reference •  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Conde, M. Á., Zangrando, V., García-Holgado, A., Seoane, A. M., Alier, M., . . . Minović, M. (2013). TRAILER Project (Tagging, Recognition, Acknowledgment of Informal Learning Experiences). A Methodology to Make Learners’ Informal Learning Activities Visible to the Institutions. Journal of Universal Computer Science, 19(11), 1661-1683. doi: 10.3217/jucs-019-11-1661 •  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Conde, M. Á., Johnson, M., & Alier, M. (2013). Knowledge Co-Creation Process Based on Informal Learning Competences Tagging and Recognition. International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals (IJHCITP), 4(4), 18-30. doi: 10.4018/ijhcitp.2013100102 •  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Johnson, M., Ribeiro Alves, G., Minovic, M., & Conde-González, M. Á. (2014). Informal learning recognition through a cloud ecosystem. Future Generation Computer Systems, 32, 282-294. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2013.08.004 •  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Zangrando, V., García-Holgado, A., Conde, M. Á., Seone Pardo, A. M., Alier Forment, M., . . . Minovic, M. (2012). TRAILER project overview: Tagging, recognition and acknowledgment of informal learning experiences. Paper presented at the 2012 International Symposium on Computers in Education (SIIE), Andorra La Vella, Andorra. October 29-31, 2012. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6403200 •  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Zangrando, V., Seoane Pardo, A. M., García Holgado, A., & Ovide, E. (2011). Learning European history and geography in a multicultural and ICT perspective. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning (IJTEL), 3(4), 343-354. doi: 10.1504/IJTEL.2011.041278 •  García-Peñalvo, F. J., Zangrando, V., Seoane Pardo, A. M., García Holgado, A., Szczecinska, J., Baldner, J. M., . . . Crivellari, C. (2012). Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook. Tools for Learning History and Geography in a Multicultural Perspective. Salamanca, Spain: Research GRoup in InterAction and eLearning. •  Zangrando, V., García-Peñalvo, F. J., & Seoane Pardo, A. M. (2010). Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook (MIH): Tools for Learning History and Geography in a Multicultural and ICT Perspective. In M. D. Lytras, P. O. DePablos, D. Avison, J. Sipior, Q. Jin, W. Leal, L. Uden, M. Thomas, S. Cervai, & D. Horner (Eds.), Technology Enhanced Learning: Quality of Teaching and Educational Reform. 1st International Conference, TECH-EDUCATION 2010, Athens, Greece, May 19-21, 2010. Proceedings (Athens, Greece, May 19-21, 2010) (pp. 374-378). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
  • 23.
    Multicultural Interdisciplinary Handbook OutcomesOverview Francisco José García Peñalvo Grupo de investigación GRIAL http://grial.usal.es [email protected] The project MIH (502461-LLP-1-2009-1-ES-COMENIUS-CMP) has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein