This document discusses the Fibonacci sequence, which was discovered by the Italian mathematician Leonardo Fibonacci in the 12th century. The sequence begins with 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, etc., where each subsequent number is the sum of the previous two. The ratio of adjacent numbers approaches the Golden Ratio of approximately 1.618 as the sequence progresses. Examples are given of how the Fibonacci sequence and Golden Ratio appear throughout nature, such as in the spirals of shells, pinecones, sunflowers, and galaxies.