Mis planning

Systems Development Life Cycle Existing System Systems Maintenance: Incremental changes Feasibility & Planning Systems Analysis Systems Design Systems Implementation Problems & Improvements New System Proposal Goals & plans Business requirements Technical Design problems revisions problems revisions

Feasibility Analysis Technical Motivational Economical Operational Schedule 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

What is planning? Planning is deciding what to do before you do it. 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

What is the mission of the TIMM IS? 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning To make services more efficient and more effective by (1) automating, where possible, the collection of data. (2) fully integrating all dated collected and used by Metropolitan Hospital. (3) providing access to outside medical data. (4) making that data and information easily accessible in real time in every setting in the hospital where it can contribute to providing the highest quality care.

How does the TIMM IS advance the mission of the hospital? 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning The mission of the hospital is to provide state-of-the-art medical care in a wide range of disciplines. The TIMM IS would improve those services and, by making them more efficient, also make them available to more people.

What is the vision of the TIMM IS? (What does the team see the hospital being able to do three and five years from now with it that it cannot do now?) 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning The team didn’t feel equipped to answer this question fully yet, but there was a sense that the key to the power of the TIMM IS was interconnectivity and that wireless networking would be a seminal feature of the system.

Organizational planning process Evaluating what they have accomplished and what they have acquired Analyzing their environment Anticipating future developments Deciding on what goals they want to achieve Deciding what actions to take to achieve their goals 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

Planning Process 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Analyze the organization’s environment Forecast internal and external developments Evaluate accomplishments and resources Establish mission goals objectives Develop Strategies Policies Tactics Develop implementation methods and control Articulate the organization’s plan Feedback

Top-down Bottom-up Identify Management Functions and Operations Entire Organization Design Systems Data Programs Standards! Integrate Write code Build DB Find a problem Management Functions Operations Databases Programs Programs Programs Functions Operations Operations Databases Databases Databases Databases Programs Programs Programs Programs Programs Programs

Steps of Information system planning 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Corporate Mission IS Mission IS Vision IS Strategic Plan IS Tactical Plans Operational Plans Budget

Mission Reason for being – it is a statement of the basic purpose or purposes for which the organization exists. e.g. “ to supply the energy to the consumer” Goals General statement of what is to be accomplished. e.g. “reduce time to respond to service request without increasing number of service personnel” Strategies General approaches to achieving goals. e.g. “becoming low cost producer in its industry”

Objectives Statement of measurable results to be achieved. e.g. “specific increases in earning per share” Tactics More specific guides to actions that would implement strategies. e.g. “increasing investment in automation” Policy General guidelines that direct & constrain decision making within a organization. e.g. “promoting from within” Rules & Procedures More specific statements that direct decision making. e.g. “hiring employees, rules protecting employees jobs”

Role of top management in IS planning Recognize IT as an indispensible resource Understand that IT is a complex resource Regard IT as owned by the entire organization Regard ISs as a source for gaining strategic goals View ISs as a tool to control power 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning MIS PLANNING STRATEGIC PLANNING TACTICAL PLANNING OPERATIONAL PLANNING Enterprise Assessment Analysis : Organization Mission, Goals, Strategies Environmental Analysis : Assess IS Environment Develop Strategic Information System Plan Assess Organization’s Information Requirements Assemble Master Development Plan Develop Resource Allocation Plan Develop Operational Plan

09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning STRATEGIC PLANNING Enterprise Assessment Analysis: Organization Mission, Goals, Strategies - Review strategic organization plan - Identify major claimant groups and their objectives - Identify strategic organization initiatives Environmental Analysis: Assess IS Environment - Strategic IS opportunities Current business environment New technology Current applications portfolio Current IS resources Stage of IS maturity Develop Strategic Information System Plan : IS Strategies, Mission, and Goals Overall information architecture Resource allocation mechanism Major applications objectives

09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning TACTICAL PLANNING Assess Organization’s Information Requirements – Current information needs Projected information needs Assemble Master Development Plan - IS project definition Project ranking Multiyear development schedule Develop Resource Allocation Plan - Hardware plan Software plan Personnel plan Telecommunications Network plan Facilities plan Financial plan

09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning OPERATIONAL PLANNING Develop Operational Plan – Annual operating budget Individual project plans

MIS Planning Methodology Business System Planning (BSP) Critical Success Factors (CSF) Strategic Information Planning Nolan stage model of growth 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

BSP (IBM) 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Business Application Business Processes Business Mission and Objectives Operational Database Business Data Information System Architecture Top-Down Planning Bottom-Up Implementation

Information Architecture IA provides a blue print for IT infrastructure in an organization. It integrates business strategy and IS strategy What, When, Where, and How 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

Information Architecture IA is develop to meet the following requirements: - Support the information flows - Facilitate communication between people - Enable management to rethink business strategies 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

Weaknesses of BSP Method BSP requires a firm commitment from the top management and their substantial involvement It requires high degree of IT experience within the BSP planning team There is a problem of bridging the gap between top down planning and bottom up implementation It does not incorporate a software design methodology It is time consumable methods and effort required for its successful implementation 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

CSF (John Rockert) 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Gather Individual Management CSF Refine Aggregate Individual Management CSF Develop Management Agreement on Company CSF Define and Develop Ways to Measure Company CSF Define an Information Architecture Define an IS Application Portfolio Define IS Development Project Priorities

Weaknesses of CSF method It does not define information architecture CSFs partly reflect a particular executive’s management styles There is more potential errors in the process of extracting individual CSFs and combining them into a common set of critical factors for organizational success 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

Strategic Information Planning (Arthur Andersen & Co.’s) 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Information Technology Opportunities Data/Application Plan Information Technology Strategy Implementation Plan Present Status Assessment Technology Plan Business and Competitive Assessment Scope Definition/ Organization Organization Plan Preplanning Strategic Planning Tactical Planning

09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Analytical Process and Systems Approach Defining problems. Identifying causes. Describing alternatives and opportunities. Investigating solutions. Presenting findings, conclusions, and recommendations. Action Plan Making decisions. Planning projects. Implementing solution(s). STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY General Approach

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Four Distinct Phases 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning PHASE I – DATA COLLECTION PHASE II – DATA DIAGNOSIS PHASE III – STRATEGY FORMULATION PHASE IV – IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING Organizational Infrastructure Internal Community Analysis Historical Performance Assessment Management Environment Situational Analysis Organizational Needs Available Alternatives Strategic Issues Marketing Plan Funding Plan Strategic Direction Tactical Plan External Environment External Environment Analysis Future Vision

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase I – Data Collection 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Management Environment Organizations Technology Governance Policies and Procedures Organizational Infrastructure Support Infrastructure Applications External Environment State Government Federal Government External Projects To Phase II

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase II – Data Diagnosis 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning From Phase I Internal Community Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Historical Performance Assessment External Environment Analysis Opportunities Threats Situational Analysis To Phase III Issues Options

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase III – Strategy Formulation 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning From Phase II Organizational Needs Alignment Goals Strategic Issues Available Alternatives Future Vision To Phase IV Business Infrastructure Operations/Support Long-Term To Phase IV From Phase IV Standards Flexibility Growth Requirements Priorities Capabilities

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase IV – Implementation Planning 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning From Phase III Marketing Plan Strategic Direction Funding Plan Tactical Plan Benchmarks Initiatives Priorities Strategies Projects Resources Budgets Milestones From Phase III To Phase III State Funds Federal Grants Governor Legislature

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning PHASE I – DATA COLLECTION PHASE II – DATA DIAGNOSIS PHASE III – STRATEGY FORMULATION PHASE IV – IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING Organizational Infrastructure Internal Community Analysis Historical Performance Assessment Management Environment Situational Analysis Organizational Needs Available Alternatives Strategic Issues Marketing Plan Funding Plan Strategic Direction Tactical Plan External Environment External Environment Analysis Future Vision

Challenges in IS Planning Foreseeing the future Difficulty in Communicating between user and system personnel Ensuring fit between business strategy and IS strategy Difficulty in developing complex systems Difficulty in Maintaining IS Performance 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

Make a group of each specialization Identify all the processes of Finance (for Finance) Marketing (for Marketing) HRM (for HRM) Information System (for ISM) 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning

Nolan Six Stage Model 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Stage1 Initiation Stage2 Contagion Stage3 Control Stage4 Integration Stage5 Data Administration Stage6 Maturity Transition Point

Nolan Six Stage Model 09/13/10 04:42 MIS Planning Technology Shift Growth Curves Initial Technology Data Processing Next Technology Data Resources Initiation Contagion Control Initiation Contagion Control

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