2. WHAT IS LEARNING?
“Learning denotes changes in a system that ... enable a system to do the same task … more
efficiently the next time.” - Herbert Simon
“Learning is constructing or modifying representations of what is being experienced.” - Ryszard
Michalski
“Learning is making useful changes in our minds.” - Marvin Minsky
“Machine learning refers to a system capable of the autonomous acquisition and integration of
knowledge.”
3. WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING
The subfield of computer science that “gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed”(Arthur
1959)
A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some class of tasks T and performance
measure P if its performance at tasks in T as measured by P, improves with Experience E(Tom,1997)
13. 1. Image Recognition:
Image recognition is one of the most common applications of machine learning. It is
used to identify objects, persons, places, digital images, etc. The popular use case
of image recognition and face detection is, Automatic friend tagging
suggestion.
2. Speech Recognition
While using Google, we get an option of "Search by voice," it comes under speech
recognition, and it's a popular application of machine learning.
3. Traffic prediction:
If we want to visit a new place, we take help of Google Maps, which shows us the
correct path with the shortest route and predicts the traffic conditions.
14. 4. Product recommendations:
Machine learning is widely used by various e-commerce and entertainment
companies such as Amazon, Netflix, etc., for product recommendation to the user.
Whenever we search for some product on Amazon, then we started getting an
advertisement for the same product while internet surfing on the same browser and
this is because of machine learning.
5. Self-driving cars:
One of the most exciting applications of machine learning is self-driving cars.
Machine learning plays a significant role in self-driving cars. Tesla, the most popular
car manufacturing company is working on self-driving car. It is using unsupervised
learning method to train the car models to detect people and objects while driving.
15. 6. Email Spam and Malware Filtering:
Whenever we receive a new email, it is filtered automatically as important, normal, and spam. We
always receive an important mail in our inbox with the important symbol and spam emails in our
spam box, and the technology behind this is Machine learning.
7. Virtual Personal Assistant:
We have various virtual personal assistants such as Google assistant, Alexa, Cortana, Siri. As
the name suggests, they help us in finding the information using our voice instruction. These
assistants can help us in various ways just by our voice instructions such as Play music, call
someone, Open an email, Scheduling an appointment, etc.
8. Online Fraud Detection:
Machine learning is making our online transaction safe and secure by detecting fraud transaction.
Whenever we perform some online transaction, there may be various ways that a fraudulent
transaction can take place such as fake accounts, fake ids, and steal money in the middle of a
transaction. So to detect this, Feed Forward Neural network helps us by checking whether it is
a genuine transaction or a fraud transaction.
16. 9. Stock Market trading:
Machine learning is widely used in stock market trading. In the stock market, there is always a risk
of up and downs in shares, so for this machine learning's long short term memory neural
network is used for the prediction of stock market trends.
10. Medical Diagnosis:
In medical science, machine learning is used for diseases diagnoses. With this, medical technology
is growing very fast and able to build 3D models that can predict the exact position of lesions in
the brain. It helps in finding brain tumors and other brain-related diseases easily.
11. Automatic Language Translation:
Nowadays, if we visit a new place and we are not aware of the language then it is not a problem at
all, as for this also machine learning helps us by converting the text into our known languages.
Google's GNMT (Google Neural Machine Translation) provide this feature, which is a Neural
Machine Learning that translates the text into our familiar language, and it called as automatic
translation.
