Mn nightingale theory presentation
57 likes35,857 views
Florence Nightingale's environmental theory emphasized the importance of the physical environment on patient health and recovery. The theory stated that nurses should control and alter environmental factors like ventilation, warmth, cleanliness, noise and diet to support the patient's natural healing process. Nightingale developed this theory based on her experiences as a nurse during the Crimean War, where she observed the impact of the hospital environment on patient mortality rates. Her theory shaped the development of modern nursing by establishing the role of nurses in managing the patient's physical surroundings.
Mn nightingale theory presentation
- 1. PRESENTOR: MR. YOGENDRA PD MEHTA Florence Nightingale MN 1ST YEAR DATE:2069/04/14
- 2. WEL COME TO NIGHTINGALE’S ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY
- 3. Florence Nightingale • Introduction Born - 12 May 1820 on the trip of Florence ,Italy Founder of modern nursing. The first nursing theorist. Pioneer of the formal Nsg. Concept. Organized Nsg. begin in the mid 1800’s with leadership of Florence Nightingale.
- 4. Contd………. Belong Upper –Middle – Class family. Nightingale hospital visit begin in 1844. On the journey of Paris she met two Vincent del Paul sister. She joined Nsg. training in 1851 in Germany.
- 5. Contd………. Religious inspiration called her to focus on the health of the masses. A call from God in February 1837 while at Embley Park
- 6. Contd………….. In 1854, the minister of war appointed her as Nsg. Superintendent on War – torn environment. Her experience in treating sick/injured soldiers in the Crimean war strongly influenced her philosophy of nursing. Patient’s needs should be prioritized according to Maslow’s Hierarchy
- 7. Contd……… With her lamp, Nightingale traverse the night during the Crimean War. Nightingale became a heroine in Great Britain as a result of her work in the war. The Lady with the Lamp
- 8. Contd……… In 1860 Nightingale published Notes on Nursing. She explained her environmental theory in her famous book Notes on Nursing: What it is, What it is not. Considered the first “nursing theorist. She was the first to propose nursing required specific education and training.
- 9. Contd……… Her contribution during Crimean war is well-known. She was a statistician, using bar and pie charts, highlighting key points. International Nurses Day, May 12 is observed in respect to her contribution to Nursing. Died - 13 August 1910
- 10. Assumptions of Nightingale's Theory Natural laws Mankind can achieve perfection. Nursing is a calling. Nursing is an art and a science. Nursing is achieved through environmental alteration. Nursing requires a specific educational base. Nursing is distinct and separate from medicine.
- 11. Nightingale’s Canons & Major Concept Nightingale’s Canons Major Concepts Ventilation and Warming Light, noise Cleanliness of rooms/wall Physical Environment Health of houses Bed and bedding Personal cleanliness Chattering hopes and advices Psychological Environment Taking food Nutritional Status Petty management/ observation Nursing Care Plan & Management
- 12. Nightingale’s Nursing Theory : Nightingale’s Nursing Theory The first published nursing theory in 1860. Persons are in relation with the environment. Stresses the healing properties of the physical environment (fresh air, light, warmth, and cleanliness). Nursing puts patients in the “best conditions” for nature to act upon them. Health is “the positive of which the pathology is the negative” “Nature alone cures”
- 13. Contd……… When aspects of the environment are out of balance, the client must use energy to counter these environmental stresses. Stresses drain the client of the energy needed for healing Viewed disease as a reparative process. The health of the home/community is critical components in an individual’s health .
- 14. Contd…….. Theory basis: the inter-relationship of a healthful environment with nursing External influences and conditions can prevent, suppress, or contribute to disease or death. Theory goal: Nurses help patients, families & the community to retain their own vitality by meeting their basic needs through control of the environment .
- 15. Nightingale’s Environmental Theory’s Model Physical Environment Physical Environment Consists of physical elements where the patient is being treated & affects all other aspects of the environment. Cleanliness of environment relates directly to disease prevention and patient mortality. Aspects of the physical environment influence the social and psychological environments of the person.
- 16. Contd………… Psychological Environment It can be affected by a negative physical environment which then causes STRESS and affect to the patient’s emotional state. It requires various activities to keep the patient’s mind active (i.e, manual work, appealing food, a pleasing environment). Communication should be therapeutic, soothing, & unhurried Patient should not be encouraged by false hopes and advice about their illness
- 17. Contd………. Social Environment Social Environment Involves collecting data about illness and disease prevention. It includes components of the physical environment i.e clean air, clean water, proper drainage. It consists of a person’s home or hospital room, as well as the total community that affects the patient’s specific environment . Observation of the social environment especially as related to specific data collection related to illness which is essential to preventing disease.
- 18. Physical environment Cleanliness Ventilation Air Light Noise Water Bedding Drainage Diet Patient condition & nature communication Mortality data Advice Prevention of disease Psychological environment Social Environment
- 19. Summary The cleanliness of physical environment has direct bearing on the prevention of disease and mortality rates within the social environment of the community. Also all patients’ psychology environment are strongly affected by physical surroundings.
- 20. Components of a Healthful Environment There are 5 majors component:- Proper ventilation Sufficient warmth Control of effluvia (noxious odors) Control of noise Adequate Light
- 21. Major Achieving Component Fresh air, can be achieved through open windows. Corrupt, stagnant air breeds disease. An Ventilation outlet is needed for impure air. Dirty carpets and furniture are a source of impurity in the air. Heat is essential to the patients recovery. Chilling is to be avoided. Hot bottles, bricks, and drinks Warmth should be used to restore lost heat. Sewer air is to be avoided, and care is needed to get rid of noxious body odors caused by disease. Effusive(smells) Fumigation and disinfectant s should not be used but the offensive substance removed.
- 22. Major Achieving Component Intermittent sudden noise causes greater excitement than continuous noise, especially during sleep. Noise The more the patient sleeps peacefully, the greater his or her ability to sleep will be. Beds should be placed in such a position as to allow the patient to see out the window- Light the sky and sunlight.
- 23. Nightingale’s Theory & Nursing’s Metaparadigm Nursing Society/Environment Human or Individual Health/Disease
- 24. Nursing Nursing is different from medicine and the goal of nursing is to place the patient in the best possible condition for nature to act. Nursing is the "activities that promote health (as outlined in canons) which occur in any care giving situation. They can be done by anyone.“ Nursing provide fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet, and a proper diet. Facilitates a patient’s reparative process by ensuring the best possible environment & Influences the environment to affect health.
- 25. ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT is The foundational component of Nightingale’s theory. The external conditions & forces that affect one’s life and development Includes everything from a person’s food to a nurse’s verbal & nonverbal interactions with the patient. Poor or difficult environments led to poor health and disease. "Environment could be altered to improve conditions so that the natural laws would allow healing to occur."
- 26. PERSON PERSON Referred to by Nightingale as “the patient”. A human being acted upon by a nurse, or affected by the environment Has reparative powers to deal with disease. Recovery is in the patient’s power as long as a safe environment exists People are multidimensional, composed of biological, psychological, social and spiritual components.
- 27. HEALTH HEALTH Maintained by using a person’s healing powers to their fullest extent. It maintained by controlling the environmental factors so as to prevent disease. Disease is viewed as a reparative process instituted by nature. Health & disease are the focus of the nurse. Health is “not only to be well, but to be able to use well every power we have”.
- 28. Nightingale's Theory and Nursing Practice EDUCATION: Nightingale’s principles of Nursing training provided a universal template for early nurse training school beginning with St. Thomas Hospital. RESEARCH :Nightingale’s interest in scientific inquiry and statistics continues to define the scientific inquiry used in nursing research. Concepts that Nightingale identified served as the basis of research to test modern theories. PRACTICE: The environmental aspects of her theory (ventilation, warmth, quiet, diet and cleanliness) remain integral components of nursing care.
- 29. Application of Nightingale’s theory in the nursing process Miss. Samjhana Dahal, age 48 years, has admitted in female medical ward of Gandaki Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Pokhara for a diagnosis of fever. She had complaints of fever with headache, chills, rigor malaise and anorexia. She was in hospital for 5 days. Her laboratory report shows plenty of WBCs in urine RE and waiting for blood and urine culture report, chest x-ray shown normal.
- 30. Assessment 1. Physical Environment: o Presence of enough window & proper ventilation. o Presence of fowl smelly dumping site outside the window. o Having proper light but no direct sun light to the bed. o Well facility for hot water twice a day but without purification. o Ward toilet drainage system is good but presence of food particles and dust in the pan & around the pan.
- 31. Contd……… o Room environment is clean and ward is swiped frequently. o Presence of water leakage around the sink. o Having only one pieces of biscuits with milk, one full cup of dal and 1 glass of plain water during 6 hours period. o Bed is clean & tidy but presence of food particles and cover of medicines, pieces of papers and dust inside the locker.
- 32. Contd……. o Cool room temperature. o Pt. covered with 2 blankets but still feeling cold. o Hospital is located centrally near to the main city so there is noises of horn, loudspeakers.
- 33. Contd….. 2. Psychological Environment o Pt. has never been admitted in hospital before. o Feeling uncomfortable and unable to sleep well. o Pt. felt noise because of presence of nsg. station near to the pt. bed. o She is very active woman and feels her time is wasted since the admission.
- 34. Contd……. 3. Social Environment o Patient told that her home environment is clean. o They use to drink boiling water. o Her room is small but with enough ventilation and sunlight. o No h/o illness like her in the family or neighborhood.
- 35. Nursing Diagnosis o Risk for infection R/T unsafe drinking water, dust from locker, dirt from sink and outside of the room(poor environmental sanitation). o Risk for injury R/T wet floor. o Altered nutrition less than body requirement R/T inadequate intake of food. o Altered comfort measures R/T strange, noisy & cold environment.
- 36. Goal o A client will be free from infection during hospital stay as evidence by normal WBCs range. o A client will be free from injury as evidence by not slip on the floor. o A client’s nutrition level will be maintained as evidence by constant weight till hospitalization. o A client will feel comfortable as evidence by absence of noise near to the nursing station and increase room temperature.
- 37. Intervention o Provide purified & boiling water for drinking according to patient demand. o Clean the locker routinely and keep all medicines in small paper box or medicine bag. o Inform to the Incharge for maintenance of sink, waste disposal. o Keep the surrounding clean. o Provide adequate diet by encouraging small frequent and nutritious feeding.
- 38. Contd…… o Maintain temperature by proper dress up and provide extra blanket. o Dispose waste properly. o Keep the patient in calm and comfortable position and avoid unnecessary stimulation, noise. o Provide sufficient support and advice related to disease process, diet therapy.
- 39. Evaluation o She told that she is getting boiled and purified water o She said that she has no vomiting & loose motion. o She has gained a weight and no feeling of weakness and increased appetite. o Locker is cleaned and no presence of dust around the sink.
- 40. Contd……. o Bed seems to be cleaned, absence of dust, piece of papers, medicines. o Absence of crowd near to the nursing station so she felt comfortable and felt asleep. o She said that she is not feeling cold. o Her laboratory test result shows normal WBCs and no evidence of fever so no risk for infection.
- 41. Overview of the Theory Florence Nightingale's theory conceived of health care not merely as the treatment of disease but the elevation of good health and quality of life in general. The theory emphasized the environmental aspects of care, especially those that nurses could provide, such as constructing a clean, sanitary treatment & environment. Her conception of care was patient-centered. An important tenet of the theory is that the patient should be enabled and encouraged to take an active role in his own healing.
- 42. Limitations The theory's emphasis on environmental measures -- clean air and water, drainage, light and warmth. It may be effective to an extent but is inherently limited. Healthy environmental conditions can only go so far in treating disease and illness. It says little about the application of medical technology, which was rudimentary but nonetheless existent in Nightingale's time.
- 43. Characteristics She focused more on physical factors than on psychological needs of patient. CRITIQUE SIMPLICITY: Three Major Relationships: A. Environment to Patient- Environment was the main factor creating illness in a patient B. Nurse to Environment Nurses need to manipulate the environment to enhance the patient’s recovery. CRITIQUE C: Nurse To Patient: Suggests collaboration and cooperation between the nurse and the patient. The protection of the patient from emotional distress Conservation of energy while allowing the patient to participate in self-care. CRITIQUE GENERALITY: Nightingale’s theory has been used to provide general guidelines for all nurses. The universality and timelessness of her concepts remain pertinent. The relation concepts (nurse, patient and environment) are applicable in all nursing settings today
- 44. Contd………….. CRITIQUE EMPIRICAL PRECISION: Nightingale’s theory are presented as truths rather than tentative, testable statements. She advised nurses that their practice should be based on their observation and experiences rather than systematic, empirical research. CRITIQUE DERIVABLE CONSEQUENCES: Deeply religious, she viewed nursing as a means of doing the will of God (Nursing is a divine calling). Her encouragement for a measure of independence and precision guides and motivates nurses today as the profession continues to evolve. She emphasized subservience to doctors.
- 45. Conclusion Florence Nightingale’s Theory is one that every nurse should strive to achieve by maintaining a healthy environments not only for their patients, but also for themselves. Florence Nightingale provided a professional model for nursing organization. She was the first to use a theoretical foundation to nursing. Her thoughts have influenced nursing significantly.
- 46. References http//www.currentnursing.com, retrieved on 2069/04/2 Rai Lalita,Nursing Concepts Theories & Principles,2nd Edition, 2011. Sharma Muna, Lecturer,IOM,Maharajgunj,Nursing Concepts & Principles june 2012. George B. Julia, Nursing Theories,The base for Professional Nursing Practice, 3rd Edition. George B. Julia, Nursing Theories,The base for Professional Nursing Practice, 5th Edition 2002. http://www.slideshare.net/AlexanderJames/florence-nightingale- 7407056