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![References
• M. Satyanarayan, “Fundamental Challenges in MobileCloud Computing,” Proceedings ACM
Symposium Principles of distributed Computing, ACM Press, 1996.
• M. L. Powell, B.P. Miller (1983) Process migration in demos/mp. ACM SIGOPSOper Syst Rev
17(5):110–119
• M. Shanklin, “MobilE CLOUDCOMPUTing”
[Online].Available:http://www.cse.wustl.edu/_jain/cse574-10/ftp/cloud/index.html#sec32
• N. Kaushik et.al, A Literature Survey on Mobile Cloud Computing: Open Issues and Future
Directions, International Journal Of EngineeringAnd Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242
Volume 3 Issue 5 may, 2014 Page No. 6165-6172
• D. Sahu, “Cloud Computing in MobileApplications”, International Journal of Scientific and
Research Publications,Volume 2, Issue 8,August 2012 1 ISSN 2250-3153
• K. Ha et al, Cloud Offload in Hostile Environments, December 2011, CMU-CS-11-146
• M.Armbrust et al., “A view of cloud computing”, Mag. Commun. of the ACM, vol. 53, no. 4,
2010.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mobilecloud-161003181613/75/Mobile-cloud-Computing-37-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byPooja Sharma
Mobile cloud Computing
Mobile cloud computing combines cloud computing and mobile networks to provide benefits to mobile users, network providers, and cloud providers. It allows resource-intensive tasks to be processed in the cloud rather than on mobile devices, extending battery life and improving storage and processing capabilities. Key advantages include improving reliability and availability of data and services, enabling dynamic provisioning and scalability, and ease of integration. Several techniques for offloading computation and data to the cloud have been developed. Open issues include determining what tasks to offload, addressing low bandwidth constraints, and ensuring security and privacy when data and processing occur externally.
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Mobile cloud Computing
- 1. MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING Submitted By: PoojaSharma 162413
- 2. MOBILE USERS ININDIA Source: Report by Internet and Mobile Application of India
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- 5. 4- REASONS forUsing Mobile Cloud Computing •The brain of your service is in Cloud • Easier to share content and asset • Easier to maintain the data • More immune to crashes and deletions
- 6. What is MobileCloud Computing? • Mobile cloud computing is the combination of cloud computing and mobile networks to bring benefits for the mobile users, network providers as well as cloud providers. • MCC at its simplest , refers to an infrastructure where both the data storage and data processing happen outside of the mobile device.
- 7. Why Mobile CloudComputing? • Mobile devices face many resource challenges(battery life, storage, bandwidth etc.) • Cloud computing offers advantages to users by allowing them to use infrastructure, platforms and software by cloud providers at low cost and elastically in an on-demand fashion. • MCC provides mobile users with data storage and processing services in clouds, obviating the need to have a powerful device configuration (e.g. CPU speed, memory capacity etc.) , as all resource-intensive computing can be performed in the cloud.
- 8. MCC Characteristics • Scalability •Reliability • Security • Reduced Cost • Reduced Maintenance
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- 11. MCC Architecture • Mobiledevices are connected to the mobile networks via base stations that establish and control the connections and functional interfaces between the networks and mobile devices. • Mobile users’ requests and information are transmitted to the central processors that are connected to servers providing mobile network services. • The subscribers’ requests are delivered to a cloud through the Internet. • In the cloud, cloud controllers process the requests to provide mobile users with the corresponding cloud services.
- 12. IBM Mobile CloudService
- 13. Amazon Mobile CloudService
- 14. Advantages • Extending batterylifetime • Improving data storage capacity and processing power • Improving reliability and availability • Dynamic Provisioning • Scalability • Multi-tenancy • Ease of Integration
- 15. Advantages • Extending batterylifetime: • Computation offloading migrates large computations and complex processing from resource-limited devices (i.e., mobile devices) to resourceful machines (i.e., servers in clouds). • Remote application execution can save energy significantly. • Many mobile applications take advantages from task migration and remote processing.
- 16. Advantages • Improving datastorage capacity and processing power: • MCC enables mobile users to store/access large data on the cloud. • MCC helps reduce the running cost for computation intensive applications. • Mobile applications are not constrained by storage capacity on the devices because their data now is stored on the cloud.
- 17. Advantages • Improving reliabilityand availability: • Keeping data and application in the clouds reduces the chance of lost on the mobile devices. • MCC can be designed as a comprehensive data security model for both service providers and users: • Protect copyrighted digital contents in clouds. • Provide security services such as virus scanning, malicious code detection, authentication for mobile users. • With data and services in the clouds, then are always(almost) available even when the users are moving.
- 18. Advantages • Dynamic provisioning: •Dynamic on-demand provisioning of resources on a fine-grained, self-service basis • No need for advanced reservation • Scalability: • Mobile applications can be performed and scaled to meet the unpredictable user demands • Service providers can easily add and expand a service
- 19. Advantages • Multi-tenancy: • Serviceproviders can share the resources and costs to support a variety of applications and large no. of users. • Ease of Integration: • Multiple services from different providers can be integrated easily through the cloud and the Internet to meet the users’ demands.
- 20. MCC Applications • MobileCommerce: • M-commerce allows business models for commerce using mobile devices. • Examples: Mobile financial, mobile advertising, mobile shopping… • M-commerce applications face various challenges (low bandwidth, high complexity of devices, security, …) • Integrated with cloud can help address these issues • Example:Combining 3G and cloud to increase data processing speed and security level.
- 21. MCC Applications • MobileLearning: • M-learning combines e-learning and mobility • Traditional m-learning has limitations on high cost of devices/network, low transmission rate, limited educational resources • Cloud-based m-learning can solve these limitations • Enhanced communication quality between students and teachers • Help learners access remote learning resources • A natural environment for collaborative learning
- 22. MCC Applications • MobileHealthcare: • M-healthcare is to minimize the limitations of traditional medical treatment (eg. Small storage, security/privacy, medical errors, …) • M-healthcare provides mobile users with convenient access to resources(eg. medical records) • M-healthcare offers hospitals and healthcare organizations a variety of on-demand services on clouds • Examples: • Comprehensive health monitoring services • Intelligent emergency management system • Health-aware mobile devices (detect pulse-rate, blood pressure, level of alcohol etc)
- 23. MCC Applications • Assistivetechnologies: • Pedestrian crossing guide for blind and visually-impaired • Mobile currency reader for blind and visually impaired • Lecture transcription for hearing impaired students • Other applications: • Sharing photos/videos • Keyword-based, voice-based, tag-based searching • Monitoring a house, smart home systems
- 24. MCC Issues • Mobilecommunication issues: • Low bandwidth:One of the biggest issues, because the radio resource for wireless networks is much more scarce than wired networks • Service availability: Mobile users may not be able to connect to the cloud to obtain a service due to traffic congestion, network failures, mobile signal strength problems. • Security & Privacy: Users are worried about the vulnerability to attacks, when information and critical IT resources are outside the firewall.
- 25. MCC Issues • Heterogeneity:Handling wireless connectivity with highly heterogeneous networks to satisfy MCC requirements (always-on connectivity, on-demand scalability, energy efficiency) is a difficult problem.To solve this problem IRNA(Intelligent Radio Network Access) is built up.
- 26. MCC Issues • Computingissues: 1. Computation offloading: It is critical to determine whether to offload and which portions of the service codes to offload. 2. Security 3. Enhancing the efficiency of data access. 4. Context-aware mobile cloud services.
- 27. Types of offloading •Depending on material being offloaded 1. Data Offloading: Data are migrated from one congested network to another network. 2. Computational Offloading: An expensive computational process is migrated from the mobile device to the server with cloud to improve performance and battery life.
- 28. Types of offloading •Depending On ApproachesToTime Reduction 1. Fine-Grained Offloading (Partial Offloading) 2. Coarse-Grained Offloading (Full Offloading)
- 29. Offloading Methods • Currentdiscusses offloading methods in three main directions: 1. Client-Server communication methods 2. Virtualization 3. Mobile Agents
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- 31. MAUI • MAUI (MobileAssistance Using Infrastructure) is designed by Microsoft for Windows phones, which uses the Microsoft .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR). • MAUI is a system that enables fine-grained energy-aware offload of mobile code to the infrastructure. • MAUI uses the benefits of a managed code environment to support fine-grained code offload to maximize energy savings with minimal burden on the programmer. • MAUI decides at runtime which methods should be remotely executed, driven by an optimization engine that achieves the best energy savings possible under the mobile device’s current connectivity constrains.
- 32. CloneCloud • Mobile applicationssuch as virus scanning, image search with face recognition and privacy preserving advertisement are demanding more memory space and processing power from cloud to speed up the system and reduce energy consumption. • CloneCloud applies primarily to application layer virtual machines (VMs), such as the JavaVM, DalvikVM from the Android Platform, and Microsoft’s .NET. It chooses application-layerVMs since they are widely used in mobile platforms. • CloneCloud support one mobile device with one clone.To support full concurrency between the mobile devices and clones, this will add new features such as thread synchronization and on-demand object paging.
- 33. ThinkAir • ThinkAir isa framework that makes it simple for developers to migrate their smartphone applications to the cloud.ThinkAir exploits the concept of smartphone virtualization in the cloud and provides method-level computation offloading. • Advancing on previous work, it focuses on the elasticity and scalability of the cloud and enhances the power of mobile cloud computing by parallelizing method execution using multiple virtual machine (VM) images. • ThinkAir has been developed for Java and has been based on Android. It eliminates the limitations induced from CloneCloud by combining the approaches from MAUI and CloneCloud. However, it does not eliminate the induced overhead due to the provisioning of virtual machines.
- 34. Cloudlets • A cloudletis a mobility-enhanced small-scale cloud datacenter that is located at the edge of the Internet. • The main purpose of the cloudlet is supporting resource-intensive and interactive mobile applications by providing powerful computing resources to mobile devices with lower latency. • It is a new architectural element that extends today’s cloud computing infrastructure. It represents the middle tier of a 3-tier hierarchy: mobile device - cloudlet - cloud.A cloudlet can be viewed as a data center in a box whose goal is to bring the cloud closer.
- 35. Open Issues andChallenges • Task Division • Data delivery • Low Bandwidth • Energy-efficient transmission • LiveVM migration issues • Concurrency and Synchronization
- 36. Offloading in theFuture Forecast of mobile data growth (a) Mobile data traffic (b) Cellular traffic and offload traffic Source: CiscoVNI Mobile, 2015 (a) (b)
- 37. References • M. Satyanarayan,“Fundamental Challenges in MobileCloud Computing,” Proceedings ACM Symposium Principles of distributed Computing, ACM Press, 1996. • M. L. Powell, B.P. Miller (1983) Process migration in demos/mp. ACM SIGOPSOper Syst Rev 17(5):110–119 • M. Shanklin, “MobilE CLOUDCOMPUTing” [Online].Available:http://www.cse.wustl.edu/_jain/cse574-10/ftp/cloud/index.html#sec32 • N. Kaushik et.al, A Literature Survey on Mobile Cloud Computing: Open Issues and Future Directions, International Journal Of EngineeringAnd Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242 Volume 3 Issue 5 may, 2014 Page No. 6165-6172 • D. Sahu, “Cloud Computing in MobileApplications”, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,Volume 2, Issue 8,August 2012 1 ISSN 2250-3153 • K. Ha et al, Cloud Offload in Hostile Environments, December 2011, CMU-CS-11-146 • M.Armbrust et al., “A view of cloud computing”, Mag. Commun. of the ACM, vol. 53, no. 4, 2010.