Modern method of apiculture - Apiculture - Beekeeping

Modern method of apiculture - Apiculture - Beekeeping

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  Muhammad Yousaf M.Sc., Self,Roll No: 24 METHODS OF APICULTURE Economic Zoology
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  MUHAMMAD YOUSAF 1 1 MODERNMETHOD OF APICULTURE The modern method of apiculture is divided into five parts which are: 1. Typical Movable Hive 2. Queen Excluder 3. Honey Extractor 4. Uncapping Knife 5. Other Equipments Typical Movable Hive: This is the basic hive which can be carried out from one place to other for the sake of getting continuous honey bees for making honey as flowers have specific time periods for their availability. It was designed by Langstroth due to which it is also called Langstroth Hive. It contains six different portions which make up whole hive. • Stand It is the basal part of the hive which provide base to hive. It is adjusted so that rainwater comes down quickly by making a little slope. • Bottom Board Above stand, bottom board is kept which has nothing but have two small gates for the entering and exiting of the bees for getting more and more pollen. • Brood Chamber Above the bottom board, brood chamber comes up, the most important part, usually contains 8 to 10 frames. These frames are provided wax sheet, held vertically in each frame, upon which bees start to make walls and cells. Itis is the portion where brooding of the larvae is done. • Super It is kept above the brood chamber, giving additional space for expansion of the hive. It is provided with many frames having comb foundation.
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  MUHAMMAD YOUSAF 2 2 •Inner Cover Below the top cover, inner cover is placed having pores for the purpose of ventilation and feeding the bees when necessary. It is used to cover the super. • Top Cover Top cover is plain and slopping zinc sheet fitted on it which protects it from the rain. Queen Excluder: It consists of wire gauze, extras guards and drone traps. It prevents the queen to come up into the super while allowing worker which will produce honey having no larvae and usually kept above the brood chamber. Honey Extractor: It functions on principle of centrifugal force. By centrifugation, pure honey is thrown out without any damage to the comb. Uncapping knife: Honey filled combs are sealed by wax which is removed by heating by means of uncapping knife. Other Equipments: Some materials like protective garments gloves. Net veil. Bee net, brush etc. are required for easy and well-planned handling of bees.