Music of Classical Period REVISED.pptx

Music of Classical Period
MUSIC 9: 2ND
QUARTER

Objectives;
·Relates Classical music to other art forms
and its history within the era;
Listen perceptively to selected Classical
Period music; and
Demonstrate understanding of the
characteristic features of Classical Period
music.

The Classical Era, also called “Age of Reason”, is the
period from 1750-1820. The cultural life was dominated
by the aristocracy, who, as patrons of musicians and
artists, generally influenced the arts. Significant changes
in musical forms and styles were made.
In the middle of the 18th century, Europe began to move
toward a new style in architecture, literature, and the
arts, known as Classicism. It was also pushed forward by
changes in the economic order and in social structure.
Classical music was patronized primarily by the nobility.

Important historical events that occurred in the West
during this era were the French Revolution, Napoleonic
Wars, the American Declaration of Independence in
1776 and the American Revolution. The term
“classical” denotes conformity with the principles and
characteristics of ancient Greece and Roman literature
and art which were formal, elegant, simple, and
dignified. The same characteristics may also describe
the melodies of classical music.

The use of crescendo a (<) and decrescendo (>)
augmented the forte and piano dynamics. A style of
broken chord accompaniment called; Alberti Bass was
practiced. The great composers of the period were:
Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and
Ludwig Van Beethoven. Sonata, Concerto, and
Symphony are the instrumental forms developed
during this era while vocal forms included Opera Seria
and Opera Buffa.

Sonata
It came from the word Sonare which
means “to make a sound”. Sonata is a
musical composition composed of
multi-movement for solo instrument
or a small instrumental ensemble.
The term Sonare is applied to a
variety of works for a solo instrument
such as keyboard or violin.

1st Movement: Allegro—fast
movement
2nd movement: Andante —
slow movement
3rd movement: Minuet—It is
in three-four time and in a
moderate or fast tempo.

Sonata Allegro Form
The most important musical
structure that was developed
during the classical era consists of
three distinct sections:
Exposition, Development and
Recapitulation.

Exposition—the first part of a
composition in sonata form that
introduces the theme.
Development—the middle part of the
sonata-allegro form where themes are
being developed. It explores the
harmonic and textural possibilities of the
thematic material.
Recapitulation - repeats the theme as it
first emerged in the opening exposition.

Concerto
It is composed of multi-movement work and it is
made for an instrumental soloist and orchestra.
This classical form of music is intended primarily
to emphasize the individuality of the solo
instrument and to exhibit the virtuosity and
interpretative abilities of the performer. The solo
instruments in classical concertos include violin,
cello, clarinet, bassoon, trumpet, horn and piano.
A concerto has three movements: fast, slow, and
fast.

The three movements in Concerto are:
1st Movement: Fast: Sonata-allegro form with
expositions of the orchestra and then by the
soloist.
2nd Movement: Slow: Has more
ornamentation than the first movement.
3rd Movement: Fast: Finale: usually in a form
of rondo, resembling the last movement of
the symphony and usually a short cadenza is
used.

Symphony
It is derived from the word
sinfonia which literally means “a
harmonious sounding together”. It
is an elaborate musical
composition for the whole
orchestra with generally four
movements.

The four movements in Symphony are:
1st Movement: Fast: Sonata-allegro form
2nd Movement: Slow: gentle, lyrical –
typical ABA form or theme and variation
3rd Movement: Medium/Fast: uses a
dance form (Minuet or Scherzo)
4th Movement: Fast: typically Rondo or
Sonata form

Classical Opera
Opera is an art form that
musicians and singers
perform a dramatic
theatrical setting.

The two distinct styles of Opera are:
1. The Opera Seria (serious opera). This usually implies
heroic or tragic drama that employs mythological
characters. This was inherited from the Baroque period.
“Idomeneo” by Mozart is an example of Opera Seria.
2. The Opera Buffa (comic opera). This is from Italy.
Comic opera made use of everyday characters and
situations, and typically employed spoken dialogues,
lengthy arias and was spiced with sight gags, naughty
humor and social satire. “The Marriage of Figaro”, “Don
Giovanni”, and “The Magic Flute” are examples of popular
Opera Buffa by Mozart.

ACTIVITY 1
Make a graphic organizer that
shows the difference among
Sonata, Concerto, Symphony,
and Classical opera. Your graphic
organizer must be comprehensive
and neat.

Franz Joseph Haydn
He is an Austrian music composer.
Composer of 106 symphonies, he is
known as one of the creators of the
fundamental genres of classical music. His
musical style influenced Felix
Mendelssohn, Franz and Johannes
Brahms.

Franz Joseph Haydn
Even as he stayed with and became a part of the
Esterházy family, he became even more popular
outside the palace.
The following are his important works were
assignments from abroad:
·Paris Symphonies (1785-1786)
·The Seven Last Words of Christ (1786)

Franz Joseph Haydn
One of his Friends back in Vienna is Wolfgang
Amadeus Mozart. In 1791 when a new Esterházy
prince allowed Haydn to leave, he quickly accepted an
invitation to go to England to conduct new symphonies.
Audience flocked to Haydn’s concerts, and during his
time in England, he generated some of his best-known
works:
·Military
·The Rider quartet
·The Surprise
·Drumroll and London symphonies

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
These were characterized by vivid emotion and sophisticated
textures. Here are some of the highlights of his life:
·Mozart appeared in public as a keyboard performer – 1761.
·He traveled with his sister to the court of Prince Maximilian III of
Bavaria in Munich, and at the Imperial Court in Vienna and Prague –
1762.
·He composed his first opera, La Finta Semplice – 1763.
·He wrote the opera titled, Mitridate re di Ponto – 1770.
·He composed the solo motet, Exsultate, Jubilate, K 165 – 1773.
·He wrote the Italian opera titled, La Finta giardiniera, K. 196 – 1775
·In 1776, he turned his efforts to composing piano concertos that
culminated in the composing of the E- flat concerto K. 271 in early
1777.
·In Paris, he composed ballet music and a new symphony – 1778.
·He composed the opera titled, Idomeneo – 1781.
·Beethoven arrived in Vienna to study with Mozart – 1787.

Ludwig van Beethoven
Here are some highlights about Beethoven:
• ·He was known as a pianist, a composer, and a music
innovator.
• ·He widened the scope of the following music forms:
sonata, symphony, concerto, and quartet.
• ·He came out with new ways for combining vocals and
instruments.
• ·He studied music with new ways for combining vocals
and instruments.
• ·He studied music with Christian Gottlob Neefe, who
was a court organist at Bonn to the Elecor of Cologne.

• ·He auditioned for Mozart as a requisite for studying with the
latter. After the audition, Mozart remarked, “Keep your eyes
on him; some day he will give the world something to talk
about.”
• ·He was assigned at age 19 to compose a musical memorial
for the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. Beethoven titled it
Cantata on the Emperor Joseph II. It is now considered his
earliest masterpiece.
• ·He studied in Vienna with the most eminent musicians of
the age: piano with Joseph Haydn, vocal composition with
Antonio Salieri, and counterpoint with Johann
Albrechtsberger.
• ·He won many patrons among the leading citizens of the

• ·In 1793, he dedicated and played in the house of Prince
Lichnowsky a series of three piano trios, his Opus 1. Later
on, on April 2, 1800, Beethoven debuted his Symphony No.
1 in C Major at the Royal Imperial Theater in Vienna.
• ·He composed musical pieces that earned him the
reputation of being a masterful composer.
• ·He published his Six String Quartets in 1801.
• ·He composed The Creatures of Prometheus in 1801, a
wildly popular ballet that received 27 performances at the
Imperial Court Theater.
• ·He debuted his Symphony No. 3 in Napoleon’s honor,
which he later renamed the Eroica Symphony.
• ·He struggled to come to terms with a shocking and terrible

• ·In his “middle” or “heroic” period (between 1803 and 1812),
he composed an opera, six symphonies, four solo concerti,
five string quartets, six string sonatas, seven piano sonatas,
five sets of piano variations, four overtures, four trios, two
sextets, and 72 songs.
• ·He composed the famous symphonies: No. 3-8, the
Moonlight Sonata; the Kreutzer violin sonata; and Fideio, his
only opera.

VOCAL and INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC SONATA
A multi-movement work for solo instrument, Sonata came from the word “Sonare” which
means to make a sound. This term is applied to a variety of works for a solo instrument such
as keyboard or violin.
Below is an excerpt from the 3 movements of the Sonata No. 16 in C Major K545 by W.A.
Mozart. Listen to each phrase of the movement.
-1st Movement: Allegro – fast movement
-2nd Movement: Slow tempo: (Andante, Largo, etc.), mostly lyrical and emotional.
-3rd Movement: Minuet: It is in three-four time and in a moderate or fast tempo.

SONATA ALLEGRO FORM
The most important form that developed during the classical era consists of 3 distinct
sections: Exposition, Development and Recapitulation.
1. Exposition - the first part of a composition in sonata form that introduces the
theme 4.
2. Development is the middle part of the sonata-allegro form wherein themes are being
developed
3. Recapitulation - repeats the theme as they first emerge in the opening exposition

CONCERTO
Concerto is a multi-movement work designed for an instrumental soloist and
orchestra. It is a classical form of music intended primarily to emphasize the
individuality of the solo instrument and to exhibit the virtuosity and interpretative
abilities of the performer. The solo instruments in classical concertos include violin,
cello, clarinet, bassoon, trumpet, horn and piano. A concerto has three movements:
fast, slow, and fast.

CONCERTO
3 movements:
-1st Movement: Fast: Sonata-allegro form with expositions of the orchestra and then
by the soloist.
-2nd Movement: Slow: Has more ornamentation than the First movement.
-3rd Movement: Fast: Finale: usually in a form of rondo, resembling the last
movement of the symphony and usually a short cadenza is used.

SYMPHONY
A multi-movement work for orchestra, the symphony is derived from the
word “Sinfonia” which literally means “a harmonious sounding together”. It
is a classical music for the whole orchestra, generally in four movements.

SYMPHONY
4 movements of the symphony:
-1st Movement: Fast: Sonata-allegro form
-2nd Movement: Slow: gentle, lyrical – typical ABA form or theme and
variation
-3rd Movement: Medium/Fast: uses a dance form (Minuet or scherzo)
-4th Movement: Fast: typically, Rondo or Sonata form

ASSESSMENT
A. IDENTIFICATION
Describe and identify the characteristic and works of famous composers during Classical Period.
FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN
______________________________________________________________
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART
______________________________________________________________
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN
______________________________________________________________

Music of Classical Period REVISED.pptx

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to Music of Classical Period REVISED.pptx

Recently uploaded

Music of Classical Period REVISED.pptx