Nature and scope of bioinformatics presentation.pptx

Nature and scope of bioinformatics presentation.pptx

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   Bioinformatics AbdulJaleel K Dept.of Zoology GovernmentCollege Kasaragod
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    Information sciencehas been applied to biology to produce a field is called bioinformatics.It is concerned with the state of- the-art computational tools available to solve biological research problems.  The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg and Ben Hesper to describe “the study of informatic processes in biotic systems” and it found early use when the first biological sequence data began to be shared.  Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data.  As an interdisciplinary field of science, bioinformatics combines biology, computer science, information engineering, mathematics and statistics to analyze and interpret biological data. Bioinformatics
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  Ref:https://microbenotes.com/bioinformatics-introduction-and-applications/
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  Margaret Oakley Dayhoff hasbeen calledthe “mother and father of bioinformatics” as she was a pioneer of applying mathematics and computational methods to biochemistry. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Oakley_Dayhoff
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    The keyareas of bioinformatics include biological databases, sequence alignment, gene and promoter prediction, molecular phylogenetics, structural bioinformatics, genomics, and proteomics.
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    Bioinformatics hasnot only become essential for basic genomic and molecular biology research, but is having a major impact on many areas of biotechnology and biomedical sciences. The main uses of bioinformatics include:  Bioinformatics plays a vital role in the areas of structural genomics, functional genomics, and nutritional genomics.  It covers emerging scientific research and the exploration of proteomes from the overall level of intracellular protein composition (protein profiles), protein structure, protein-protein interaction, and unique activity patterns (e.g. post-translational modifications).  Bioinformatics is used for transcriptome analysis where mRNA expression levels can be determined. Applications of Bioinformatics
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    Bioinformatics isused to identify and structurally modify a natural product, to design a compound with the desired properties and to assess its therapeutic effects, theoretically.  Cheminformatics analysis includes analyses such as similarity searching, clustering, QSAR modeling, virtual screening, etc.  Bioinformatics is playing an increasingly important role in almost all aspects of drug discovery and drug development.  Bioinformatics tools are very effective in prediction, analysis and interpretation of clinical and preclinical findings Applications of Bioinformatics
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    Molecular medicine Personalised medicine  Gene therapy  Drug development  Microbial genome applications  Waste cleanup  Climate change Studies  Alternative energy sources  Biotechnology Applications in Other Fields
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    Antibiotic resistance Forensic analysis of microbes  The reality of bioweapon creation  Scientists have recently built the virus poliomyelitis using entirely artificial means.  Evolutionary studies  Crop improvement  Insect resistance  Improve nutritional quality  Development of Drought resistance varieties  Veterinary Science  Comparative Studies Applications in Other Fields