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NOISE pollution overview credit seminar .pptx
- 1. CONTENT • Noise • Sound, types of sound waves • Causes of noise pollution • Sources of noise pollution • Effects of noise pollution • How to measure noise • Noise pollution rules • Case study of noise pollution • References
- 2. An OVERVIEW OFNOISE POLLUTION REGULATION AND CONTROL RULES 2000 NOISE : Noise is defined as the unwanted sound. Sound which pleases the listeners is music and that which causes pain and annoyance is noise. source : cpcbenvis.nic.in
- 3. What is sound? Sound is a pressure wave which is created by a vibrating object. OR Vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heared when they reach a person’s or animal’s ear. Noise is measured in decibel (dB). Decibel indicates the intensity of sound. Increasing noise have higher decibel and can be categorized accordingly.
- 4. • Sound wavesconsist of areas of high and low pressure called compressions and rarefactions. Lighter areas are low pressure (rarefactions) and darker areas are high pressure (compressions). http//www.bing.com/search
- 5. Types of soundwaves There are two types of sound waves . LONGITUDNAL WAVES : A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate back and forth in the ‘same direction’ in which the wave is moving. Medium can be solid, liquid, or gases. TRANSVERSE WAVE : a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate up and down ‘at right angles’ to direction in which the wave is moving. These waves are produced only in solids and liquids but not in gases. Sound is a longitudnal wave.
- 6. causes of noisepollution • Natural noise pollution : in this category of noise pollution is caused by air, seas, volcanoes etc. • Man made noise pollution : this category of noise pollution is caused by machines, automobiles, trains, social and religious celebrations, speeches, construction works and other equipments.
- 7. Sources of noisepollution http://images.google.com/
- 8. Sources/Types of noisepollution Transportation noise : • Noise from roadways, airways, and railways. • taking of jet planes generates a lots of noise. • Noise due to vehicles with improper maintenance. Particularly the heavy vehicles are the noisiest vehicles. • Noise due to constant use of Horn!!! Industrial noise : • Noise from industrial area • Use of heavy machinery • Industrial processes (cutting, welding etc.)
- 9. Neighbourhood noise pollution: this noise is generated from domestic activities like operating T.V. set, other musical instruments, machines used for domestic purpose like washing machine, cooler etc. Rural noise pollution : the noise pollution created due to use of pumping sets, flour mills and religious gathering in rural areas is called rural noise pollution. The Allahabad HC in Radhey Shyam v/s Guru Prasad (AIR 1978 All. 86), issued injunction against the defendant, restraining him from running a flour- mill on the ground of causing additional noise in an already noisy area.
- 10. Effects of noisepollution • Noise pollution effects can be immediate or on prolonged exposure to the noise. It depend upon the pressure and frequency of the noise created. Based on the time of exposure and the noise level received by the recipient, the effects may be divided into three categories : • 1) physical effects • 2) physiological effects • 3)psychological effects
- 11. 1).Physical effects: theseare high blood pressure, other cardiovascular changes and general fatigue. Prolonged exposure to noise level can cause deafness. 2).physiological effects : these arises due to interference in biological functioning of the body due to noise pollution. They include anxiety, hypertension, nausea, and giddiness. Increase in noise level can affect respiratory system and cause dizziness etc.
- 12. Psychological effects :these include loss of working efficiency resulting in reduced output and higher rates of accidents and injuries. Increasing noise level can cause changes in sleep pattern and affect deep sleep and also interfere with communication. Animals also affected due to noise pollution.
- 13. Due to sonars,oildrill or other activities marine life is also affected due to noise pollution. Whales are most affected as their hearing helps them orient themselves,feed and communicate Wildlife also affected as they became disoriented more easily and face many behavioural problems. Due to hearing loss they become prey easily and leafs to dwendling population other become inefficient at hunting disturbing balance of eco system
- 14. How to measurenoise? • Noise is measured by means of a Sound Level Meter (SLM) which is an instrument which is known to respond in approximately the same way as the human hear. • The SLM attached with a calibrator is positioned in a desired location with no disturbance from the sound source. The calibrator produce a reference sound and when attached to the microphone calibrates the meter. • Unit for measurement of noise is decibel (dB). https://www.bing.com/ images/search
- 15. Sound pressure level •Some kind of loudness emitting from any object in the form of sound waves and create a pressure in the air is called Sound Pressure Level and its unit is Pascal (Pa). • The reference pressure level for human ear is 2*10-5 Pa and it is also called threshold of hearing.
- 16. Noise Pollution Rules Dated:14022000 Whereas the increasing ambient noise levels in public places from various sources, inter- alia, industrial activity, construction activity, fire crackers, sound producing instruments, generator sets, loud speakers, public address systems, music systems, vehicular horns and other mechanical devices have deleterious effects on human health and the psychological well being of the people; it is considered necessary to regulate and control noise producing and generating sources with the objective of maintaining the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise;
- 17. Whereas a draftof noise pollution( control and regulation) rules 1999 was published under the notification of the government of India in the ministry of environment and forests vide number S.O. 528 (E), dated the 28th June , 1999 inviting objections and suggestions from all the persons likely to be affected thereby, before the expiry of the period of sixty days from the date on which the copies of the Gazette containing the said notification are made available to the public;
- 18. And whereas copiesof the said gazette were made available to the public on the 1st day of july, 1999; and whereas the objections and Suggestions received from the public in respect of the said draft rules have been duly considered by the central government; Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by clause (2) of sub- section (2) of section 3, sub- section (1) and clause (b) of sub-section (2) of section 6 and section 25 of the environment (protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986) read with rule 5 of the environment (protection) rules, 1986, the central government hereby made the following rules for the regulation and control of noise producing and generating sources named as:
- 19. The Noise Pollution(Regulation and Control) rules, 2000 : 1. Short-tittle and commencement – (1) these rules may be called the ‘Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000. (2) they shall come into force on the date of their publication in the official gazette.
- 20. 2.Definitions : Act Area/zone Authority Court educational institution Hospital Person Stategovernment Public place Night time
- 21. 3. Ambient airquality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones:- 1) The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones shall be such as specified in the schedule annexed to these rules. 2) The State Government shall categorize the area into industrial, commercial, residential or silence areas/zones for the purpose of implementation of noise standards for different areas. 3) The State Government shall take measures for abatement of noise including noise emanating from vehicular movements, blowing of horns, bursting of sound emitting fire crackers, use of loud speakers or public address system and sound producing instruments and ensure that the existing noise level do not exceed the ambient air quality standards specified under these rules.
- 22. 3) All developmentalauthorities, local bodies and other concerned authorities while planning development activity or carrying out functions relating to town and country planning shall take into consideration all aspects of noise pollution as a parameter of quality of life to avoid noise menace and to achieve the objective of maintaining the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise. 4) An area comprising not less than 100 m around hospitals, educational institutions and courts may be declared as silence area/zone for the purpose of these rules.
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- 24. Section 4 :-responsibility as to enforcement of noise pollution • The noise level in any area/zone shall not exit the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise as specified in the schedule. • The authority shall be responsible for the enforcement of noise pollution control measures and the due compliance of the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise. Authority (section 2(c)) means and includes any authority or officer authorized by the central government. Or as the case may be, the state government in accordance with the low in force and include a district magistrate, police commissioner, or any other officer not below the rank of the Deputy SP designated for the maintenance of the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise under any law for the time being in force.
- 25. Section 5 :-Restrictionon the use of loud speakers/public address system • A loud speaker or a public address system shall not be used except after obtaining written permission from the authority. A loud speaker or a public address system shall not be used at night (between 10-00pm to 6-00pm) except in closed premises for communication within, e.g. auditorium, conference rooms, community halls and banquet halls. • Section 5(A) : Restrictions on the use of horns, sound emitting construction equipments and bursting of fire crackers:- no horns, no sound emitting fire crackers, no sound emitting construction equipments shall be used in silence zone or during night time in residential areas. Horns are allowed in these areas only during a public emergency.
- 26. Section 6 :-consequences of any violation in silence zone/area Whoever, in any place covered under the silence zone/area commits any of the following offence, he shall be liable for penalty under the provisions of the act. • Whoever, plays any music or uses any sound amplifiers. • Whoever, beats drum or tom-tom or blows a horn either musical or pressure or trumpet or beats or sound any instrument or • Whoever, exhibits any mimetic, musical or other performances of a nature to attract crowds.
- 27. Section 7 :-Complaints to be made to the authority • A person may, if the noise level exceeds the ambient noise standards by 10 dB (A) or more given in the corresponding column s against any area/zone make a complaint to the authority • The authority shall act on the complaint and take action against the violator in accordance with the provisions of these rules and any other law in force.
- 28. section 8 :-power to prohibit etc, continuance of music sound or noise • If an authority is satisfied from the report of an officer incharge of a police station or other information received by him that it is necessary to do so in order to prevent annoyance, disturbance, discomfort or injury to the public or to any person who dwell or occupy property on the vicinity, he may by a written order issue such direction as he may consider necessary to any person for preventing, prohibiting, controlling or regulating:- a. The incidence or continuance in or upon any premise of - Any vocal or instrumental music. - Sounds caused by playing, beating, clashing, blowing or use in any manner whatsoever of any instrument including loudspeakers, public address system, appliance which is capable of producing or re-producing sound, or
- 29. -The authority empoweredunder sub-rule (1) may, either rescind, modify or alter any such order. -Provided that before any such application is disposes of, the said authority shall afford to the applicant an opportunity of appearing before it either in person or by a person or by a person representing him and showing cause against the order and shall, if it reflects any such application either wholly or in part, record its reaction for such rejection.
- 30. Case study ofNoise pollution Maulana Mufti Syed Md Noorur Rehman Barkati and Ors v/s State of Bengal and Ors (AIR 1999 Cal 15) Calcutta HC observed that use of microphone is of recent origin and accordingly it could be said that the use of microphone and loud speakers are essential and integral part of the religion. The court further held that use of loud speaker and microphone in Azaan is not essential and integral part of any religion hence there is no violation of right to religion guaranteed under Article 25 of the constitution of India.
- 31. Church of Godin India v/s K K R Majestic Colony Welfare Association and Ors. (AIR 2000 SC 2773) SC held that no religion prescribes that prayers should be performed by disturbing the peace of others. The question involved in this case was whether in a country having multiple religious communities a religious community could claim its right to add to noise pollution on the ground of religion.
- 32. OM BIRAMGAMA ReligiousSociety v/s State (1996) Calcutta HC held that freedom of speech and expression guaranteed under article 19(1)(A) of the constitution of India essentially includes freedom not to listen and remain silent. One can not be permitted to exercise his fundamental right at the cost of others health or well being. In the present case the sub- divisional officers rightly directed the society not to use any microphone while performing the pooja and other religious activities.
- 33. References: • www.cpcbenvis.nic.in • Textbookof environmental chemistry by BALRAM PANI • www.lawsindia.com • www.hindustantimes.com • https://www.bing.com/images/search • https://www.slideshare.net
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