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North africa & middle east(final)
This document provides information about North Africa and the Middle East. It discusses the location and sub-regions of both areas, including the Maghreb, Mashriq and Arabian Peninsula. It also outlines the landscape, economies, governments, and current events of countries in the regions. Some of the key points covered include the major products and industries of countries like Algeria, Egypt and Morocco in North Africa and Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia in the Middle East. It also discusses the Arab Spring uprisings that began in 2010-2011 and led to regime changes in countries like Tunisia, Egypt and Libya.
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North africa & middle east(final)
- 1. NORTH AFRICA &MIDDLE EAST ⢠Group 4 ⢠Labastida, Kenneth ⢠Lasam, Kirei ⢠Lopez, Robynne ⢠Marbella, Esther ⢠Mejia, Shannel
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- 5. SUB-REGIONS ⢠Maghreb - Consistsof Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Mauritania - An Arabic word which means âwhere the sun setsâ
- 6. SUB-REGIONS ⢠Mashriq - Coversparts of territory from west to east (Senegal, Southern Mauritania, Mali, Burkina, Faso, Southern Algeria, Niger, Northern Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Northern Ethiopia, and Eritrea. - An Arabic word meaning âwhere the sun risesâ
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- 8. NORTH AFRICA II. LANDSCAPE
- 14. NORTH AFRICA III. ECONOMY
- 15. PRODUCTS Country Products Western Sahara 1. Major Phosphate producer Tunisia 1. Wood products Algeria 1. Olive Oil Egypt 1. Cotton 2. Textile industry Morocco 1. Coal 2. Leather goods Libya 1. Petroleum and natural gas ( National Oil Company of Libya; Waha Oil Company)
- 16. CURRENCY Country Currency Morocco Dirham Algeria Algerian Dinar Tunisia Tunisian Dinar Libya Libyan Dinar Egypt Egyptian Pound Sudan Sudanese Dinar Western Sahara Dirham
- 17. NORTH AFRICA IV.GOVERNMENT
- 18. COUNTRY TYPE OF HEAD OF NATIONAL NAME GOVERNMENT STATE FLAG MORROCO Constitutional King Mohammed Monarchy IV (since July 23, 1999) ALGERIA Republic Incumbent Abdelaziz Bouteflika (since April 27, 1999) TUNISIA Republic Incumbent Moncef Marzouki (since December 13, 2011)
- 19. COUNTRY TYPE OF HEAD OF NATIONAL NAME GOVERNMENT STATE FLAG LIBYA Works under National transitional Transitional government Council (since February 27, 2011) EGYPT Republic Incumbent Mohamed Hussein Tantawi (since February 11, 2011)
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- 22. SUB-REGIONS ⢠Arabian peninsula â˘a peninsula which consists of barren desert areas between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf ⢠strategically important for its oil resources ⢠Countries: ⢠Saudi arabia ⢠Qatar ⢠Oman ⢠Bahrain ⢠Kuwait ⢠United Arab of Emirates ⢠Yemen
- 23. SUB-REGIONS ⢠Fertile Crescent ⢠The term was popularized by the American Orientalist James Henry Breasted. ⢠refers to part of the ancient Near East that has been considered to be the principal center for the emergence of agriculture, villages, and cities, and hence the âcradle of civilization.â ⢠extends in an arc from the Nile River valley through Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria and into Iraq ⢠a rich food-growing area in a part of the world where most of the land is too dry for farming ⢠a boomerang shaped region that extends from the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf ⢠countries: ⢠Israel ⢠Jordan ⢠Lebanon ⢠Syria
- 24. MIDDLE EAST II.LANDSCAPE
- 33. MIDDLE EAST III.ECONOMY
- 34. PRODUCTS Countries Products Notes Iran Oil One of the largest economy in the Automotive Middle East and has the potential to Telecommunications be one of the worldâs largest Petrochemical economies in the 21st century Banking and Insurance Iraq Oil The war with the United States had handicapped Iraqâs economy U.A.E Oil Saudi Arabia Oil Petrochemical and chemical products (SABIC-Saudi Arabian Basic Industries Corporation) Gol, Aluminum, Phosphate (Maâaden Yemen Khat Relies on expatriate remmittances Oil(Limited) Oman Oil Middle eastâs most reliant country in oil
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- 36. COUNTRY TYPE OF HEAD OF NATIONAL NAME GOVERNMENT STATE FLAG IRAN Theocratic Incumbent Republic Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (since August 3, 2005) IRAQ Parliamentary President Jabal Democracy Talabani (since August 7, 2005) OMAN Monarchy Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said (since July 23, 1970)
- 37. COUNTRY TYPE OF HEAD OF NATIONAL NAME GOVERNMENT STATE FLAG YEMEN Republic Incumbeny Abd Rabbuh Mansur Al-Hadi(since February 25, 2012) SAUDI ARABIA Monarchy Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud (since August 1, 2005) UNITED ARAB Federal Sheikh Mohamme EMIRATES d bin Rashid Al Maktoum (Since January 4, 2006)
- 38. V. CURRENT EVENTS NORTH AFRICA
- 39. TUNISIA ⢠Protesters in downtown Tunis on 14 January 2011
- 40. LIBYA ⢠Thousands of demonstrators gather inBayda,Libya
- 41. ALGERIA ⢠Protests and violence in Algeria against corrupted government
- 42. V. CURRENT EVENTS MIDDLE EAST
- 43. YEMEN ⢠Protests inSanaâa, Yemen
- 44. YEMEN ⢠Yemen: elections on-going to replace leader Al salleh Abdulah
- 45. OMAN ⢠Protesters setablaze Lulu Hypermarket inSohar, Oman on 28 February 2011
- 46. REASONS FOR UPRISING -Awave of protests has erupted throughout the Middle East and North Africa. A combination of the global financial crisis, rising costs of living, high unemployment â especially of educated youth, frustration from decades of living under authoritarian and corrupt regimes, various document leaks revealing more details about how governments around the world are dealing and viewing each other, have all combined in different ways in various countries, leading to a wave of rising anger. -Some protests have become revolutions as governments such as those in Tunisia and Egypt have been overthrown. Others have not got that far but have sometimes been peaceful, other times met with very brutal repression.
- 47. - These protestsdo not only happen in a single country but also to those states goverened by an authoritarian government. Pro-democracy citizens struggles to overthrow leaders who abuse their authoritarian power for their personal interests. - We may wonder why these protests that later turned out to be revolutions were not as peaceful like what happened in our country. Itâs because of the long-running oppressive regimes who assumes power taking it to a high level of audacity. As situations like these arise, ordinary citizens took up arms to help free themselves from the brutal regimes. This caused a more violent atmosphere between the two opposing sides. - It is also because leaders of these countries has decided to ratchet up the firepower, to crush this uprising once and for all to break their spirit, to seal these areas off so they can't get in, so that they can't get medical supplies in, so that they can't bring weapons in to support themselves as a last resort to stop these people.
- 48. ARAB SPRING The uprisingof these countries in the Middle East and North Africa particularly Syria, Libya, Tunisia etc. are a part of a wider on-going violent conflict, termed as the ARAB SPRING which started more or less in 2010 affecting large part of the Arab World. Arab Spring is may be literally interpreted as Arabic Rebellions/Arab Revolutions that are currently bombarding many countries in the west. It is a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests occurring in the Arab world that began approximately in December 2010. To date, rulers have been forced from power in Tunisia, Egypt Libya, and Yemen; civil uprisings have erupted in Bahrain and Syria; major protests have broken out in Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco and Oman; and minor protests have occurred in Lebanon, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and Western Sahara. Clashes at the borders of Israel in May 2011 and the Palestine 194 movement have also been inspired by the regional Arab Spring.
- 49. The protests haveshared techniques of civil resistance in sustained campaigns involving strikes, demonstrations, marches, and rallies, as well as the use of social media to organize, communicate, and raise awareness in the face of state attempts at repression and Internet censorship. Many demonstrations have met violent responses from authorities, as well as from pro- government forces and counter- demonstrators.
- 50. EFFECTS/IMPACT TO THEWORLD - Left and right protests caused an uproar affected extremely the social life not only of the citizens of the country but also other nationalities including OFWs of our own. - Since the west is known for their huge production of oil, these protests somehow hinders the trade of these countries around the world. Why? Of course, traders are afraid of terrorist attacks and tend to search for other sources of oil to avoid these kind of matters. - - This series of conflicts continue to threaten the future of countries not only in the middle east but also the countries around the world, hindering it to progress.