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Nucleosynthesis
- 1.
- 2. WHERE DID ELEMENTSCOME FROM?
- 3. Our universe startedwith a BIG BANG.
- 4. big bang n. ( cosmology ) the cosmic explosion that is hypothesized to have marked the origin of the universe.
- 5. After the BIG BANG , the universe started to e x p a n d .
- 6. The first secondsafter the BIG BANG, it was very hot.
- 7. Then, the universestarted to cool down.
- 8. Right after theBIG BANG, the p + , the n 0 and the e - were flying around without control.
- 9. When it startedto cool down, the quarks started making primitive elements:
- 10. 1 H 1Hydrogen, 1 proton
- 11. 1 H 2Hydrogen, 1 proton, 1 neutron
- 12. 2 H 3Helium, 2 protons, 1 neuron
- 13. 2 H 4Helium, 2 protons, 2 neurons
- 14. Those elements startedforming stars.
- 15. Star n. a self-luminous gaseous spherical celestial body of great mass which produces energy by means of nuclear fusion reactions .
- 16. In the stars,because of high pressure, the elements started bonding and forming heavier elements
- 17. HOW WILL WEEND?
- 18. WE all starWe all started with the BIG BANG…
- 19. … buthow will we end?
- 20. Some scientists aresure that the universe will continue to expand forever.
- 21. However, there isa theory that our universe will end in “big crunch”
- 22. It states thatsomeday the universe will stop expanding and crunch together.
- 23. There is noproof for that theory.
- 24. Classifying Stars .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- 25. TO RECOGNISE STARS,SCIENTISTS HAVE TO CLASSIFY THEM
- 26.
- 27. T E MP E R A T U R E
- 28. C O LO R
- 29. size size sizesize
- 30.
- 31. If the staris blue , it means it is very hot . ( ≈50,000 C°)
- 32. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cold stars are red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- 33. The bigger or hotter the star is, the brighter it is.
- 34. Brightness is measuredin 2 ways:
- 35. apparent brightness (brightnessseen from earth)
- 36. absolute brightness (the“real” brightness of the star)
- 37. Stars are mostlymade out of hydrogen.
- 38. Helium is about¼ of the stars’ composition.
- 39. Enjar Hertzsprung andHenry Norris Russell made a diagram that classifies stars.
- 40. The hertzsprung-russel diagramstars temperature size color of star
- 41. Scientists measure distancebetween stars using parallax
- 42. Parallax n. apparent change in apposition of an object when you look at it from different places
- 43. Scientists watch thepositions of stars during different times of the year to figure out it’s position.
- 44.
- 45. Stars donot live forever.
- 46. The larger a star is, the shorter its life is.
- 47. Stars are bornin nebulas.
- 48. Nebula n. a large cloud of dust in space
- 49. Gravity pulls dusttogether so it forms a protostar
- 50. Protostar n. an early stage in the evolution of a star, after the beginning of the collapse of the gas cloud from which it is formed, but before sufficient contraction has occurred to permit initiation of nuclear reactions at its core.
- 51. As the protostargets denser and denser, it forms a star
- 52. as the starbecomes older, it becomes a red giant
- 53. red giant= star uses up its energy and becomes cooler, so it expands
- 54. Layers of thered giant fall off, releasing dust and gas into space.
- 55. It is calleda planetary nebula.
- 56. The remaining star is very dense and bright .
- 57. It is a white dwarf .
- 58. When a whitedwarf stops glowing, it is called a black dwarf.
- 59. high-mass starsare different .
- 60. When they die,they make a supernova – a giant explosion.
- 61. After the supernova,the star becomes either a neutron star or a black hole.
- 62. a neutron star: a white dwarf that has very high pressure and temperature
- 63. A black holeis a neutron star with gravity so strong that nothing, even light, can escape.
- 64.
- 65. Nucleosynthesis is beenstudied by physicists and astronomers .
- 66. www.nasa.gov http://www.dictionary.net /big+bang http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/star http://www.wolaver.org / Space/abell39nebula.jpg https://segue.atlas.uiuc.edu / uploads/ryemm2/heic0409a.jpg http://www.janis.or.jp / users / kitahara / sww / rigel-z.jpg http://www.dorlingkindersley-uk.co.uk/static/clipart/uk/dk/sci_space/image_sci_space013.jpg http://www.mauthelimited.com / Assignments / Dreamweaver / Science_Class / Images / stars / whitedwarf_star.jpg http://cse.ssl.berkeley.edu / bmendez/ay10/2000/cycle / redgiant.gif
- 67. http://www.agdesktop.com/wallpapers\space\nebula\nebula-0006.jpg http://www.abc.net.au/unleashed/images/OpenBook_Stock_400.jpg http://techlibrarian.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/horsehead-nebula2.jpg
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