![自由軟體工作坊 - Python 入門 Python tutorial Lloyd Huang [email_address]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-1-320.jpg)
![一分鐘學 python import os def do_func(): mylst=['hello','world',2,'python!'] for x in mylst: print x, a='ls -al' if a=='ls -al': do_func() os.system(a)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-8-320.jpg)
![可讀性語言 VS 唯寫性語言 #!/bin/sh # t2h {$1} html-ize a text file and save as foo.htm NL=" " cat $1 \ | sed -e 's/ at / at /g' \ | sed -e 's/[[:cntrl:]]/ /g'\ | sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*$//g' \ | sed -e '/^$/{'"$NL"'N'"$NL"'/^\n$/D'"$NL"'}' \ | sed -e 's/^$/<\/UL><P>/g' \ | sed -e '/<P>$/{'"$NL"'N'"$NL"'s/\n//'"$NL"'}'\ | sed -e 's/<P>[[:space:]]*"/<P><UL>"/' \ | sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*-/<BR> -/g' \ | sed -e 's/http:\/\/[[:graph:]\.\/]*/<A HREF="&">[&]<\/A> /g'\ > foo.htm](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-13-320.jpg)
![一分鐘學 python import os def do_func(): mylst=['hello','world',2,'python!'] for x in mylst: print x, a='ls -al' if a=='ls -al': do_func() os.system(a)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-15-320.jpg)
![型別 Types ，運算 Operators 列 List a=['a','b','c','d','e'] b=[1,2,3,4,5,6,'abc'] c=[a,b,a,b] len(c) ; len(a) ; len(b) 字典 Dict tel = {'jack': 4098, 'sape': 4139} tel['guido'] = 4127 del tel['sape'] tel['irv'] = 4127 tel tel.keys() tel.keys()[1] tel.has_key('guido')](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-19-320.jpg)
![語法 Statements - for loop for loop >>> a = ['cat', 'window', 'defenestrate'] >>> for x in a: ... print x, len(x) ... cat 3 window 6 defenestrate 12](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-22-320.jpg)
![語法 Statements - for range for range() >>> range(10) [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> range(5, 10) [5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> range(0, 10, 3) [0, 3, 6, 9] >>> range(-10, -100, -30) [-10, -40, -70] >>> for i in range(1,10): ... print i, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >>> a = ['Mary', 'had', 'a', 'little', 'lamb'] >>> for i in range(len(a)): ... print i, a[i], "|", 0 Mary | 1 had | 2 a | 3 little | 4 lamb |](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-23-320.jpg)
![函數 Functions return list def function(): return >>> def fib2(n): ... result = [] ... a, b = 0, 1 ... while b < n: ... result.append(b) ... a, b = b, a+b ... return result ... >>> f100 = fib2(100) # call it >>> f100 # write the result [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-29-320.jpg)
![函數 Functions return value def function(): return >>> def fib2(n,m): ... result = [] ... a, b = 0, 1 ... while b < n: ... result.append(b) ... a, b = b, a+b ... return result[-m:] ... >>> a , b = fib2(100,2) >>> print "a=%d b=%d" % (a,b) a=55 b=89](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-30-320.jpg)
![模組 Modules - fibo.py def fib(n): "write Fibonacci series up to n. hi This fib help menu" a, b = 0, 1 while b < n: print b, a, b = b, a+b def fib2(n): """ return Fibonacci series up to n hi This fib2 help menu """ a, b = 0, 1 result = [] while b < n: result.append(b); a, b = b, a+b return result if __name__ == '__main__': fib(100) f100=fib2(100) print f100](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-32-320.jpg)
![Python Web CGI howto HTML setup.html DNS1 Server: <input type="text" id="dns1" name="dns1"/> <input type="submit" name="OK" value=" 確定 " /> CGI setup.py import cgi, string, re, os, sys, time CGI_HTMLHEAD="Content-type: text/html\n\n" print CGI_HTMLHEAD form = cgi.FieldStorage() if form.has_key('OK'): print "<h1>" print "%s" % (form['dns1'].value) print "</h1>"](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/op-20090411-100109203842-phpapp02/85/Op-20090411-45-320.jpg)
Op 20090411
- 1. 自由軟體工作坊 - Python 入門 Python tutorial Lloyd Huang [email_address]
- 2. 簡介： Python 是一種泛用性的動態物件導向程式語言。自 1990 年代初由 Guido van Rossum ( 又常被稱為 GvR 或 BDFL) 創造至今已歷十數年發展，應用於系統管理、網路管理、網路傳輸程式、網頁程式開發、數值分析程式、圖形介面應用程式等方面，均有優秀的表現。 本課程將會介紹這個程式語言的特性，以及目前廣為應用的部份。附帶簡短的實作教學，藉此一窺 Python 的能力，並提供一個學習的入門階。
- 3. 今日內容： 初學 Python 型別 Types ，運算 Operators 語法 Statements 函數 Functions 模組 Modules 物件 Classes 例外處理 Exceptions 常用 Python Modules Python Web CGI howto
- 4. Python 是什麼？ 1990 年代初由 Guido 開發的程式語言 泛用性的動態物件導向程式語言 應用於系統管理 網路管理 網路傳輸程式 網頁程式開發 數值分析程式 圖形介面應用程式
- 5. 誰在用 Python ？ Google Youtube BitTorrent NASA OLPC Plurk
- 6. Python 特色 ? 方便的 Python 快速的 Python 跨平台的 Python 高彈性的 Python
- 7. Python 語言特性 ? Script 特性 語法強迫縮排 直譯器 動態語言特性 物件導向 跨平台 Python program is Python module Duck type 豐富的線上說明跟手冊
- 8. 一分鐘學 python import os def do_func(): mylst=['hello','world',2,'python!'] for x in mylst: print x, a='ls -al' if a=='ls -al': do_func() os.system(a)
- 10. 30 分鐘學 python Interpreter Python String Slices List Slices advanced for loop while loop def function (): help(), dir(),type()
- 11. 六小時學 python ？ 你等一下就會知道了
- 12. 日本 Ruby 會長高橋征義說 輕量之人 怠惰 勤勉之人 多數派 - 努力工作 勤勉之人用的語言 Cobol C/C++ java 程式設計師在 日本 有兩類 輕量之人用的語言 Ruby Perl Python 勤勉之人 寫很多程式碼 一個方法 1000 行 輕量之人 1000 方法一行
- 13. 可讀性語言 VS 唯寫性語言 #!/bin/sh # t2h {$1} html-ize a text file and save as foo.htm NL=" " cat $1 \ | sed -e 's/ at / at /g' \ | sed -e 's/[[:cntrl:]]/ /g'\ | sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*$//g' \ | sed -e '/^$/{'"$NL"'N'"$NL"'/^\n$/D'"$NL"'}' \ | sed -e 's/^$/<\/UL><P>/g' \ | sed -e '/<P>$/{'"$NL"'N'"$NL"'s/\n//'"$NL"'}'\ | sed -e 's/<P>[[:space:]]*"/<P><UL>"/' \ | sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*-/<BR> -/g' \ | sed -e 's/http:\/\/[[:graph:]\.\/]*/<A HREF="&">[&]<\/A> /g'\ > foo.htm
- 14. 可讀性語言 VS 唯寫性語言 echo -e "192.168.1.243 1000 T\n 192.168.1.243 1001 T \n 192.168.1.243 1002 L" | sed 's/\(100\)\(.\)/\1\20/' echo '中文' |perl -p -e 's/&#(\d+);/chr($1)/eg'
- 15. 一分鐘學 python import os def do_func(): mylst=['hello','world',2,'python!'] for x in mylst: print x, a='ls -al' if a=='ls -al': do_func() os.system(a)
- 16. 行前叮嚀
- 17. 初學 Python 下載 & 安裝 & 移除 google -> python download http://www.python.org/download/ 直譯器的使用 hello world python Python 教學文件 http://tinyurl.com/jubwx Python 學習手冊 http://tinyurl.com/c9ga73
- 18. 型別 Types ，運算 Operators 數字 Numbers python 計算機 >>> a = 5 >>> a + 1 >>> a + _ >>> a + _ >>> a / 3 ; a / 3.0 字串 String +---+---+---+---+---+ | H | e | l | p | A | +---+---+---+---+---+ 0 1 2 3 4 5 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 >>> stra='abc ' >>> stra + stra >>> stra * 3
- 19. 型別 Types ，運算 Operators 列 List a=['a','b','c','d','e'] b=[1,2,3,4,5,6,'abc'] c=[a,b,a,b] len(c) ; len(a) ; len(b) 字典 Dict tel = {'jack': 4098, 'sape': 4139} tel['guido'] = 4127 del tel['sape'] tel['irv'] = 4127 tel tel.keys() tel.keys()[1] tel.has_key('guido')
- 20. 語法 Statements - if else if elif else >>> x = int(raw_input("Please enter a number: ")) >>> if x < 0: ... x = 0 ... print 'Negative changed to zero' ... elif x == 0: ... print 'Zero' ... elif x == 1: ... print 'Single' ... else: ... print 'More' ...
- 21. 語法 Statements - while while loop >>> a, b = 0, 1 >>> while b < 1000: ... print b, ... a, b = b, a+b ... 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987
- 22. 語法 Statements - for loop for loop >>> a = ['cat', 'window', 'defenestrate'] >>> for x in a: ... print x, len(x) ... cat 3 window 6 defenestrate 12
- 23. 語法 Statements - for range for range() >>> range(10) [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> range(5, 10) [5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> range(0, 10, 3) [0, 3, 6, 9] >>> range(-10, -100, -30) [-10, -40, -70] >>> for i in range(1,10): ... print i, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >>> a = ['Mary', 'had', 'a', 'little', 'lamb'] >>> for i in range(len(a)): ... print i, a[i], "|", 0 Mary | 1 had | 2 a | 3 little | 4 lamb |
- 24. 小試身手 99 乘法表 1x1=1 1x2=2 1x3=3..... 1x9=9 ..... 9x1=9 9x2=18 9x3=27 ... 9x9=81 提示 2 個 for 回圈 range(1,10) print "xxx %d"
- 25. 函數 Functions def function(): >>> def fib(n): ... "Print a Fibonacci series up to n" ... a, b = 0, 1 ... while b < n: ... print b, ... a, b = b, a+b ... >>> fib(200) 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597
- 26. 函數 Functions (n,m=0) def function(n,m=0): >>> def fib(n,m=0): ... "Print a Fibonacci series up to n" ... a, b = 0, 1 ... while b < n: ... if m < b: ... print b, ... a, b = b, a+b >>> fib(200) 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597 >>> fib(200,8) >>> fib(m=10,n=200)
- 27. 函數 Functions default value def function(): default value def ask_ok(prompt, retries=4, complaint='Yes or no, please!'): while 1: ok = raw_input(prompt) if ok in ('y', 'ye', 'yes'): return 1 if ok in ('n', 'no', 'nop', 'nope'): return 0 retries = retries - 1 if retries < 0: raise IOError, 'refusenik user' print complaint >>> ask_ok('Do you really want to quit?') >>> ask_ok('OK to overwrite the file?', 2)
- 28. 函數 Functions default value def function(): default value def ask_ok(prompt, retries=4, complaint='Yes or no, please!'): while 1: ok = raw_input(prompt) if ok in ('y', 'ye', 'yes'): return 1 if ok in ('n', 'no', 'nop', 'nope'): return 0 retries = retries - 1 if retries < 0: raise IOError, 'refusenik user' print complaint >>> ask_ok('Do you really want to quit?') >>> ask_ok('OK to overwrite the file?', 2)
- 29. 函數 Functions return list def function(): return >>> def fib2(n): ... result = [] ... a, b = 0, 1 ... while b < n: ... result.append(b) ... a, b = b, a+b ... return result ... >>> f100 = fib2(100) # call it >>> f100 # write the result [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]
- 30. 函數 Functions return value def function(): return >>> def fib2(n,m): ... result = [] ... a, b = 0, 1 ... while b < n: ... result.append(b) ... a, b = b, a+b ... return result[-m:] ... >>> a , b = fib2(100,2) >>> print "a=%d b=%d" % (a,b) a=55 b=89
- 31. 模組 Modules - Python modules Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those! (Zen of Python) split your program into several files for easier maintenance . A module is just a python script with a .py suffix. Syntax: import modulename Your python script is already a module.
- 32. 模組 Modules - fibo.py def fib(n): "write Fibonacci series up to n. hi This fib help menu" a, b = 0, 1 while b < n: print b, a, b = b, a+b def fib2(n): """ return Fibonacci series up to n hi This fib2 help menu """ a, b = 0, 1 result = [] while b < n: result.append(b); a, b = b, a+b return result if __name__ == '__main__': fib(100) f100=fib2(100) print f100
- 33. 模組 Modules >>> import fibo >>> fibo.fib(1000) >>> fibo.fib2(1000) >>> fib=fibo.fib >>> fib(500) >>> fib2=fibo2.fib >>> fib2(500) >>> from fibo import fib, fib2 >>> fib(500) >>> fib2(500)
- 34. 模組 Modules dir() help() >>> import fibo, sys >>> dir (fibo) >>> dir (fibo.fib) >>> dir (fibo.fib2) >>> help (fibo) >>> help (fib) >>> help (fib2) >>> dir (sys) >>> help (sys)
- 35. Python Modules HOWTO 寫個 modules 感受一下
- 36. 物件 Classes class FClass: def setdata(self, value): self.data = value def display(self): print self.data x=FClass() y=FClass() x.setdata("hi all") y.setdata(7654321) x.display() y.display() x.data="rewrite data" x.display()
- 37. 物件 Classes class SClass(FClass): def display(self): print 'SClass value display %s' % self.data z=SClass() z.setdata(42) z.display() x.display()
- 38. 物件 Classes class TClass(SClass): def __init__(self, value): self.data = value def __add__(self, other): return TClass(self.data + other) def __mul__(self, other): self.data = self.data * other a=TClass("abc ") a.display() b = a + "xyz" b.display() a * 3 a.display()
- 39. 例外處理 Exceptions except (TypeError,someError) : try: try_something() except: do_otherthing() else: do_closing() finally: try: try_something() finally: do_final()
- 40. 例外處理 Exceptions #!/usr/bin/python while 1: try: x = int(raw_input("Please enter a number: ")) break except ValueError: print "Oops! That was no valid number. Try again..." print "You input number is %d" % (x)
- 41. 例外處理 Exceptions >>> try: ... raise KeyboardInterrupt ... finally: ... print 'Goodbye, world!' ... Goodbye, world! Traceback (innermost last): File "<stdin>", line 2 KeyboardInterrupt
- 42. 常用 Python Modules import os import re import string import time import sys import cgi import cgitb import urllib import telnetlib import ftplib
- 43. Lots of Python Modules….. Standard Python Modules http://www.python.org/doc/current/modindex.html PyPI:the Python Package Index: third-party Python packages. http://www.python.org/pypi
- 44. Python Web CGI howto CGI cgi-test.py #!/usr/bin/python import cgi, string, re, os, sys, time CGI_HTMLHEAD="Content-type: text/html\n\n" print CGI_HTMLHEAD print "<h3>" print time.ctime() print "</h3>"
- 45. Python Web CGI howto HTML setup.html DNS1 Server: <input type="text" id="dns1" name="dns1"/> <input type="submit" name="OK" value=" 確定 " /> CGI setup.py import cgi, string, re, os, sys, time CGI_HTMLHEAD="Content-type: text/html\n\n" print CGI_HTMLHEAD form = cgi.FieldStorage() if form.has_key('OK'): print "<h1>" print "%s" % (form['dns1'].value) print "</h1>"
- 46. 其他線上文件 For beginer: http://wiki.python.org.tw/ThinkLikeComputerScientist http://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/NonProgrammers For experienced programmer: http://docs.python.org/tut/tut.html http://www.diveintopython.org/ http://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/Programmers Books for python: http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonBooks
- 47. 用屠宰場殺豬的方式煎雞蛋
- 48. Zen of Python python –c “import this” Simple is better than complex. (C++) Complex is better than complicated. (Java) Readability counts. (Perl) If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea. (Java framework like EJB) Explicit is better than implicit. (ruby on rails?) There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
- 49. 新手 : 你怎麼飛的 ??? 答 : import antigravity
Editor's Notes
- #2: Python 入門
- #3: 簡介
- #4: Toc
- #5: what is python
- #6: who using python
- #7: what is python more
- #8: what is python more about 語言特性
- #9: One Minute Python Tutorial
- #10: python vs java
- #11: 30 min Python Tutorial
- #12: 6 hr Python Tutorial
- #13: peopel
- #14: read able vs write able [html|sed]
- #15: read able vs write able [perl]
- #16: One Minute Python Tutorial
- #17: 行前叮嚀
- #18: 初學 Python
- #19: Type Operators
- #20: Type Operators
- #21: Statements if else
- #22: Statements - while
- #23: statements - for loop
- #24: statements for range
- #25: 小試身手
- #26: Functions
- #27: Functions (n,m=0)
- #28: Functions default value
- #29: Functions default vale modify
- #30: Function return list
- #31: Functions return value a b
- #32: Python Modules
- #33: Python Modules fibo.py
- #34: Python modules using.py
- #35: python modules dir() help()
- #36: Python modules HOWTO
- #37: Classes 0
- #38: Classes 1
- #39: Clasess 2
- #40: 例外處理
- #41: Exceptions [ex]
- #42: Exceptions [ex finally]
- #43: 常用 Python Modules
- #44: Lots of Python Modules.....
- #45: Python Web CGI howto
- #46: Python Web CGI howto
- #47: 線上文件
- #48: kill egg
- #49: Zen of Python
- #50: import antigravity
- #51: thx.