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Pathophysiology and clinical features of hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic anemia occurs when red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced, reducing their normal lifespan of 110-120 days. This triggers increased red blood cell production through erythropoietin to compensate, maintaining a normal hemoglobin level. Hemolysis can occur either intravascularly within blood vessels from conditions like paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria or transfusions, or extravascularly from the spleen or liver from issues like enzyme deficiencies, membrane defects, or autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The pathways of hemolysis are either intrinsic defects of red blood cells themselves or extrinsic factors in the environment that cause premature destruction. Complications can include jaundice, gallstones, and kidney
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Pathophysiology and clinical features of hemolytic anemia
- 1. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL FEATURESOF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA PRESENTED BY:- MOUSHMI BISWAS
- 2. Hemolytic anemia =reduced red-cell life span •The normal red cell life is 110-120 days after which the senile cells are removed by bone marrow and spleenic macrophages. •Reduced red cell survival leads to increased red cell production due to erythropoietin drive that can compensate for the reduced red cell life and maintain a normal Hb level. •The mean red cell life is affected by molecular changes in either the red cell membrane or haemoglobined red cell survival leads to.
- 3. How hemolysis occurs? •Hemolysis occurs through two ways they are- 1.INTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS 2.EXTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS INTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS EXTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS • PNH,TRANSFUSION RXN • PHYSICAL / MECHANICAL TRAUMA • TOXIC MICROENVIRONMENT • HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES •ENZYMOPATHIES •MEMBRANE DEFECTS •MEGALOBLASTIC ANAEMIA •AIHA •DRUG INDUCED
- 4. HAEMOLYSIS PATHWAYS AREOF TWO TYPES
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