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Permanent maxillary first molar
The permanent maxillary first molar is the largest and strongest tooth in the upper jaw. It has a trapezoidal shape and four main cusps along with a smaller supplemental cusp. The tooth contains three roots - two buccal roots that are shorter than the single, tapered lingual root. The maxillary first molar functions to grind food during chewing and is an important component in anchoring the upper dental arch.
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Permanent maxillary first molar
- 1. Presented by, Dr. manjulamarandi, MDS Oral Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Odontology The Permanent Maxillary First Molar
- 2. Introduction First permanentmolar is present at the center of the fully developed adult jaw anteroposteriorly- corner stone of the dental arch. First permanent molar (mand & max) erupts posterior to the second decidous molar, in contact with it- so permanent molar is not a succedaneous tooth, has no predecessor.
- 3. The Permanent MaxillaryFirst Molar Largest and strongest maxillary teeth- bulk and anchorage in the jaws The maxillary first molar is the tooth located laterally (away from the midline of the face) from both the maxillary second premolars of the mouth but mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both maxillary second molars. The function of this molar is similar to that of all molars in regard to grinding being the principal action during mastication, commonly known as chewing.
- 4. Chronology CHRONOLOGY Notation – Universal :right -3 ; left-14 International (FDI):right -16; left-26 Palmer:right /left 6 6
- 5. Maxillary first molar Crown – wider buccoligually (1mm) than mesiodistally. Four well developed functional cusp and one supplemental cusp. Supplemental cusp- cusp or tubercle of Carabelli, Found lingual to the mesiolingual cusp. Three roots- well separated and well developed Lingual root- longest, tapered and smoothly rounded. Mesiobuccal root- broader buccolingually Distobuccal root –smallest of the three, smoothly
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- 7. The Buccal Aspect Trapezoidal shape Cervical line is the shorter of the uneven sides Parts of all 4 cusps visible Portion of distal surface can be seen because of the obtuse distobuccal line angle Mesiobuccal cusp broder of the buccal cusps Prominent buccal groove that continues over from the occlusal surface and terminates half distance to the cervical line. Cervical line does not have much curvature from measial to distal P BD
- 8. Buccal Aspect Roottrunk –commom root trunk. Deep developmental groove buccally on the root trunk- starts at the bifercation & progress downward becomes shallower until it terminates in the shallow depression at the cervical line. Lingual root is the longest & two buccal roots are equal in length
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- 10. Palatal Aspect Outlinesreversed from the buccal aspect, still trapezoidal. Lingual cusps are only see from the lingual aspect. Mesiopalatal largest cusp Distopalatal smallest cusp, almost spheroidal Lingual developmental groove –starts approx at the center of the lingual surface mesiodistally, curves distally as it crosses b/w the cusp and
- 11. Palatal Aspect • Theremay be a cusp on the palatal surface of the mesiopalatal cusp. This is a fifth cusp called the cusp of Carabelli, which is visible in addition to the four cusps on the occlusal surface All three roots are visible lingual root making up most of the foreground Lingual root- conical, terminating in a bluntly rounded apex
- 12. PALATAL ASPECT Palatal Aspect Cuspof Carabelli
- 13. Mesial Aspect Mesiobuccaland mesiopalatal and fifth cusps visible. Mesiobuccal root hides the distobuccal root Mesiolingual cusp is on a line with the long axis of the lingual root Mesial marginal ridge confluent with the mesiobuccal, mesiopalatal cusp ridges is irregular and curved cervically
- 14. Mesial Aspect Cervicalline irregular and curves occlusally The contact area at the junction of the middle and occlusal third, closer to the buccal aspect Shallow concavity just below the contact area. Level of bifurcation is a little closer to the cervical line than in the roots buccaly. LM
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- 16. Distal Aspect Basicoutlines reverse from mesial aspect Distobuccal and distopalatal cusps are seen Marginal ridge dips sharply cervically More of occlusal surface seen because of distal tilt of crown. Cervical line almost straight
- 17. Distal Aspect Distobuccalroot is narrower at its base than either of the others The buccal outline of the distobuccal root lies entirely within the confines of the outline of the mesiobuccal root. Birfurcation is more apical than either of the two areas on the tooth Area from cervical line to birfurcation is 5mm or more 5mm
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- 19. Occlusal Aspect Crown-rhomboid, acute angles mesiobuccal and distolingual, obtuse angle mesiolingual and distobuccal Wider mesially than distally and wider lingually than buccally Four major cusp and a fifth minor, small cusp on lingual surface of the mesiolingual cusp Mesiolingual cusp-largest in size followed by mesiobuccal,distolingual, distobuccal and fifth cusp Maxillary molar primary cusp triangle- cusp outline,mesial marginal ridge and oblique ridge OCCLUSAL ASPECT B P D
- 20. Cusp size: -Mesiopalatal: largest - Mesiobuccal - Distobuccal - Distopalatal: smallest Ridges: - Mesial and distal marginal ridges and oblique ridge Fossae: - Major: Central and Distal fossa - Minor: Mesial and distal triangular Grooves: - Central, buccal and palatal developmental groove - Distal oblique groove - Transverse groove - Fifth cusp groove - Supplemental grooves Pit: - Central Pit
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- 22. The Root Maxillaryfirst molar has three roots; 2 buccal , 1 Palatal Palatal root is long and slender Mesiobuccal root broader, curves distally. Distobuccal root narrow at base and a lot straighter Buccal roots are of equal size, smaller than the palatal root Level of bifurcation closer to the cervical line mesially than distally
- 23. Differentiation Between RightAnd Left Maxillary First Molars MAXILARY FIRST MOLAR RIGHTLEFT
- 24. Questions? Describe theocclusal aspect of permanent maxillary first molar with diagram? Write a short note on roots of permanent maxillary first molar with diagram? Describe in detail characteristic features of permanent maxillary first molar with diagram?