Physical activity and mental health

THOMAS SHOBIN
2ND PAHP
UNI ROMA 2
TOR VERGATA
ROME

 To introduce, the mental health benefits of
physical activity
 To demonstrate, the efficacy of physical
activity and the treatment of mental illness
 To discus, does physical activity prevent
future depressive illness?
 To plan, Physical activities for various age
populations on a best effective mode of
methods and patterns

 To understand, Limitations associated with
current studies and implications for future
research
TYPE OF STUDY
A literature review

 KEY WORDS
 exercise, major depression, depressive
disorder, preventive medicine,therapeutic
lifestyle changes, mental health, cognitive
capacities

 Living our life in any situation it must go
normal best etc until end, since there is enough
need of physical activity which helps its
continue normal and overcoming the
difficulties.
 There is a large body of literature which
examines the mental health benefits of physical
activity. In general, studies reports are dose
dependent relationship between leisure-time
physical activity participation, and mental
health outcomes *study1.

 physical activity performed at a low frequency,
intensity, and duration which is substantially more
than that required for the development and
maintenance of cardiorespiratory and muscular
fitness, it believes then long term physical activity
participation in such frequency reduces the risk of
future depressive illness and shows improvement
of above areas on general population.
 benefits in reducing the risk of future depressive
illness. This may be particularly encouraging for
people with prior depressive illness, or at high risk
of future depressive illness due to various stages

 therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLCs)
 TLCs are sometimes as effective as either
psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy and can
offer significant therapeutic advantages.
Important
 TLCs include exercise, nutrition and diet, time
in nature, relationships, recreation, relaxation
and stress management, religious or spiritual
involvement, and service to others and it is
most effectively practiced in different parts of
world

 People who undertake even modest amounts of
regular physical activity have been shown to have
lower rates of chronic diseases such as type II
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers.
 Physical activity is known to confer signifcant
overall health benefts.1–3 Current
recommendations indicate that moderate intensity
aerobic activity should be performed at least 5
days per week, for a minimum of 150 minutes per
week, or more vigorous aerobic activity performed
at least 3 days per week for a minimum of 75
minutes per week.

 However, it has recently been estimated that
almost one third of the world’s population fail
to achieve the minimum level of physical
activity required to achieve these health
benefits.
 Studies that evaluated the association between
physical activity and mental health were
searched. Only human-based studies written in
English were selected.

 The mental health benefits of physical activity
 People diagnosed with mental illness experience
significant distress and disability, and the financial
and personal cost of mental illness, including loss of
productivity and work participation, Physical activity
is one strategy often recommended for people with
mental illness and our key words to overcome the
stages.
 There are studies reporting improvement of
various other aspects such as self esteem, vitality,
general well-being, and satisfaction with physical
appearance. Evidence also indicates that regular
physical activity may protect against the development
of depression.

 In two different type of studies done by Galper
et Depression Scale (CES-D) and Harvey et al
collected physical activity data using a
questionnaire
 The findings of this study offer support for the
positive association between physical activity
participation and improved mental health.
 Distract us from negative thoughts
 Improve our mood and get better night sleeps
 Change levels of stress hormones in our brain

 Physical activity and the treatment of mental
illness
 The studies demonstrate the efficacy of
physical activity as a stand-alone, or co-
intervention in the treatment of a range of
mental illnesses including depression,
schizophrenia, and anxiety conditions.
 Short-term, Yoga is moderately more effective
compared to usual care however it found
limited evidence for effectiveness compared
to aerobic exercise or relaxation therapy.

 Tai Chi produced significant improvements in
depression scores compared to other treatments
such as medication, non-exercise, or sham exercise
controls.
 The authors noted that “clinicians and policy
makers should alert - people with depression that
advice to increase physical activity will not
increase their chances of recovery from depression
but also can start a supportive therapy, lifestyle
modification and improvements for them with
treatment techniques .

 Physical activity has been used in interventions
designed to reduce alcohol and other drug
dependence and enhance smoking
cessation.study
 The argument that physical activity can
positively affect cognitive functioning is a
powerful one. This has been used to advocate
for more physical activity in schools, as well as
in older adults to ameliorate or prevent
cognitive decline.

 evidence indicates that moderate exercise
improves mood ( helps maintain it at high
levels), while intense exercise leads to its
deterioration, and that these mood variations
are more developing of depression than
leading to anxiety.

 To sum up, exercise and physical activity is a
major health behaviour strongly recommended
for the prevention and treatment of several
non-communicable diseases and linked to
improved mental health.
 The behaviour itself is multi-faceted and may
comprise less sitting, more light intensity
activity, as well as traditional MVPA. The
evidence concerning mental health effects is
extensive, but still growing.

 Up skilling clinicians in the importance and
effectiveness of physical activity for the
prevention of future depressive illness
 studies investigating the association between
physical activity participation and mental
illness are subject to limitations.

 Nevertheless, physical activity can also be harmful,
especially when performed in an inappropriate or in a
very intense manner(as observed in conditions as
“excessive exercise” and overtraining syndrome”).
 The relationship between improvement of mood and
exercise, however, does not seem to be universal.
Studies have shown that individuals without
psychiatric symptoms who regularly exercise
experience better moods than those who do not,
however, it should be noted that an association
between improvement of mood and medium- or long-
term physical activity has not consistently been
demonstrated for normal individuals.

 Walsh, RN, Lifestyle and Mental Health, 2011. Vol. 66,
No. 7, 579–592 DOI: 10.1037/a0021769
 Stuart Biddle.Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active
Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
Steven A. Schroeder Department of Medicine,
University of California at San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
 Schroeder SA, Morris CD. Annu Rev Public Health
2010;31:297-314.
 Robert Stanton1,Brenda Happell1.Peter Reaburn, The
mental health benefts of regular physical activity, and
its role in preventing future depressive illness2014:4
45–53

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