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PIR sensing with arduino
- 2. Our project model is mainly based on the motion detection technique by PIR sensor. The camera gets activated whenever a signal is obtained from the sensor. The entire system is controlled and coordinated by a microcontroller which in our case is ARDUINO (UNO).
- 3. 3 A motion detector is a device that contains a motion sensor that detects moving objects and transforms the detection of motion into an electric signal. The detector is often integrated as a component of a system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in an area. Motion detectors form a vital component of security, automated lighting control, home control, energy efficiency, and other useful systems.
- 4. 4 Active sensors Motion detector has an active sensor if the sensor emits energy, such us microwaves or sound waves. Passive sensors (PIR) Passive sensors only detect incoming energy, such as infrared light.
- 5. 5 Active sensors work by sending out bursts of ultrasonic sound waves, after which the sensor waits for the energy to be reflected back. Good example of an active motion sensor is and automatic door opener. If there is nobody in the immediate area the waves will return in the same patter in which they were released. If someone or something disturbs the pattern, the sensor sends an alarm signal in the event of disturbance in the pattern. The disturbed pattern triggers the sensor and opens the door.
- 6. 6 These sensors detect and measure incoming infrared energy. The infrared ray is emitted by the heat of the body or any light sources. Depending upon the purpose of the sensor the range of IR filter can be limited to certain level. Most passive infrared sensors can actually detect emissions in the range of 8 to 12 micrometers. They use a photo detector. which coverts light in these wavelengths into an electrical current, which is run through a tiny computer housed in the unit. The alarm is triggered when the photo detector detects large or fast variations in the distribution of the emitted infrared energy. The output power is almost entirely provided by the measured signal without an excitation voltage.
- 7. 7 They are widely used for electronic devices like mobile phones, cameras and gadgets Used for security purposes both in domestic and commercial areas like in doors and cctv cameras. Cheap and easy to implement. It saves energy by activating and deactivating devices. Used to avoid accident in traffic lights and in vehicles. Widely used in every field in almost every moving artificial things which are in air, water or land.
- 8. 8 Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing. Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday objects to complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students, hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals - has gathered around this open-source platform, their contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts alike.
- 9. 9 Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module can be assembled by hand, and even the pre-assembled Arduino modules cost less than $50 Cross-platform - The Arduino Software (IDE) runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows. Simple, clear programming environment - The Arduino Software (IDE) is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users to take advantage of as well. For teachers, it's conveniently based on the Processing programming environment, so students learning to program in that environment will be familiar with how the Arduino IDE works. Open source and extensible software - The Arduino software is published as open source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's based. Similarly, you can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if you want to. Open source and extensible hardware - The plans of the Arduino boards are published under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard version of the module in order to understand how it works and save money.
- 10. 10 In this surveillance system PIR sensor has been used which is low power & low cost. It have a wide lens range & are easy to interface with microcontrollers. This security system can be implemented in office, shops etc. In addition to this, this system can be equipped with glass break detectors to enhance the level of protection. This is a very low high value system.