Plant Kingdom

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Plants come in all sizes,
from the tiny duckweed
which grows to only about
10 mm in length, to the giant
redwood which grows to
about 100 m in height.
Plant Characteristics
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 All plants share the
following characteristics:
1. Plants are producers and
us photosynthesis to
make food.
2. Plants have eukaryotic
cells with cell walls.
3. Plants have a cuticle.

Gymnosperms
Angiosperms.
Non vascular
(mosses and Liverwort)
Seedless
(mosses and horsetails)

PLANTS
Seedless PlantsSeed Plants
Angiosperms Gymnosperms
Ferns &
related plants
Mosses &
related plants
Vascular Non vascular

PLANTS
Vascular Non vascular
1) Vascular Plants:
 Broken into 2 more subgroups called:
a) Seedless plants
b) Seed plants
2) Nonvascular Plants
 Not broken into subgroups

Vascular plants are divided
into two groups—those that
produce seeds and those that
do not.
Plants that produce seeds are
divided into gymnosperms and
angiosperms.
Examples of plants that have
no seeds are ferns, mosses
and horsetails.
Vascular plants

PLANTS
Seedless PlantsSeed Plants
Vascular Nonvascular
1) Seedless plants
 Vascular plant that DO NOT have seeds
 Ex: Ferns
2) Seed Plants
 Have seeds for reproduction
 Ex: conifers & flowering plants
Vascular plants

The seedless vascular plants include ferns,
club mosses, and horsetails.
Seedless Vascular plants

The form of a fern is
the sporophyte.
Ferns have an
underground stem
called a rhizome from
which the fronds unfurl.
Young fronds are
tightly coiled and are
called fiddleheads.

• Ferns need water to transport sperm cells to
egg cells.

A seed is a structure
that contains a plant
embryo and a supply of
food inside a protective
covering.
Vascular plants with Seed

PLANTS
Seed Plants
Vascular Nonvascular
Angiosperms
Gymnosperms
• Gymnosperms are a group of
vascular plants whose seeds
are housed in cones.
• Angiosperms, also known as
flowering plants, produce
seeds within a fruit.

Gymnosperms include
conifers, cycads, and
gingkoes.
 A gymnosperm called the bristlecone pine
is the oldest living organism on Earth.

The non-vascular plants
include the mosses and
liverworts.
These are small, simple
plants usually found in
moist locations.
Non - Vascular plants

The life cycle of nonvascular plants shows
an alternation of generations.
Mosses and liverworts need water to carry
the sperm to the eggs for fertilization.

The sporophyte stage of a
liverwort looks like a tiny palm
tree.
The body of the gametophyte
stage is leafy and flattened.
Rhizoids are root-like growths
that extend from beneath the
body and anchor the plant.

The End
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Plant Kingdom