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Post harvest losses reduction of cauliflower in horticultural chains in SAARC Countries
The document discusses low-cost solutions to improve the quality and shelf-life of cauliflower in local markets. It finds that implementing improved handling practices like proper trimming, packaging and plastic film wrapping can significantly reduce post-harvest losses throughout the cauliflower supply chain. For example, losses were reduced from 52% to 18.3% of product with the improved practices. Additionally, shelf-life was extended from 5 to 8 days with plastic wrapping at retail markets. The changes benefit farmers, wholesalers and especially retailers through increased profits.
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Post harvest losses reduction of cauliflower in horticultural chains in SAARC Countries
- 2. LOW COST, HIGHIMPACTLOW COST, HIGH IMPACT SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVING THESOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY AND SHELF-LIFE OFQUALITY AND SHELF-LIFE OF CAULIFLOWERCAULIFLOWER IN LOCAL MARKETSIN LOCAL MARKETS Prepare By Dr Abul Hasnat M SolaimanDr Abul Hasnat M Solaiman Associate Professor Dept of Horticulture Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
- 3. IntroductionIntroduction • Cauliflower (Brassicaoleracea var. botrytis) is a cash crop and is one of the most widely consumed vegetables in SAARC countries. • Cauliflower is rich in nutrients and in phytochemicals (glucosinolates) that can lower the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. • Aside from its nutritional value, cauliflower production and marketing offer many economic opportunities in the region especially for smallholder farmers.
- 4. Important cultivars Dr AbulHasnat M SolaimanDr Abul Hasnat M Solaiman
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- 8. Supply chainSupply chain SupplyChain Management: By definition, supply chain is a network of facilities and distribution options that performs the function of procurement of materials, transformation of these materials into intermediate and finished products and the distribution of these finished products to consumers. The features of supply chain are; Chain-1 Chain-2 Chain-3 Chain-4
- 9. Supply chain ofFreshSupply chain of Fresh vegetablesvegetables Could be……Could be……
- 10. Economic Benefit • Costand returns analysis was used to determine the profitability of improvements in the traditional supply chain for cauliflower. • Expected changes in cost and returns were calculated at different levels of the supply chain: i.e. farmer, wholesaler and retailer, based on the assumption of marketing 100 kg cauliflower curds and using post-harvest loss data and other relevant information gathered by the project. • A summary of the results is presented in the following tables.
- 11. Facilitating Institutions • BOI(Board of Investment)-Establishing industries • BAPA (Bangladesh Agro-processors Association) • VFAPEA (Vegetables Fruits and Allied Products Exporters Association) • DAE • BKB (Bangladesh Krishi Bank) • BADC- Production, procurement, transport, storage and distribution of essential perishables and 160 seed suppliers.
- 12. Improving handling practicein cauliflower supply chains • Under the FAO Technical Cooperation Project, TCP/RAS/3502 – Reduction of Post-harvest Losses in Horticultural Chains in SAARC Countries, good post-harvest handling practice along with simple technologies were piloted with stakeholders in traditional cauliflower supply chains in Nepal. • The practices piloted are summarized in Table 1.
- 13. in cauliflower supplychainsin cauliflower supply chains OperationOperation TraditionalTraditional practicepractice ImprovedImproved practicepractice Harvesting Harvesting at mixed stages of maturity Harvesting at the correct stage of maturity TrimmingTrimming No or partial trimmingNo or partial trimming Trimming of the stem to 1-2 cmTrimming of the stem to 1-2 cm long with 4 wrapper leaveslong with 4 wrapper leaves attachedattached PackagingPackaging Net/jute/plastic sack,Net/jute/plastic sack, 50 kg capacity50 kg capacity Bulk packaging in plastic crates,Bulk packaging in plastic crates, 15 kg capacity;15 kg capacity; plastic liner in between layers ofplastic liner in between layers of curdscurds Retailing No plastic film wrapping of curds With or without plastic film wrapping of curds
- 14. Post-harvest Losses• Lossesin cauliflower at the wholesale level were mainly due to weight loss and transport/packaging-related damage while at the retail level, losses incurred were due to moisture (weight) loss and quality deterioration during display of the cauliflower. • • At the wholesale market, weight loss and mechanical damage in traditionally handled cauliflower were 5% and 6% respectively, resulting in a total loss of 11%. • With the improved handling practice, weight loss andWith the improved handling practice, weight loss and quality deterioration loss were 1.1% and 3.4% respectively,quality deterioration loss were 1.1% and 3.4% respectively, or a total loss of 4.5%.or a total loss of 4.5%. • Improved practices, therefore, resulted in a 58 % reduction in total loss at the wholesale market. Dr Abul Hasnat M SolaimanDr Abul Hasnat M Solaiman
- 15. Table 2: Lossesat various stages of traditional and improved chains Parameter Supply chain level Handling practice Traditional Improved Total loss (%) Wholesaler 11.0 4.5 Retailer 41.0 13.8 System loss (%) Farm to retail 52.0* 18.3 Dr Abul Hasnat M SolaimanDr Abul Hasnat M Solaiman * Post-harvest reduced* Post-harvest reduced 52% to 18.3%, which is similar to 65%52% to 18.3%, which is similar to 65%
- 16. • At theretail level, • weight loss and loss due to quality deterioration in the traditional supply chain, • 21% and 20% respectively, or a total loss of 41%. • With improved handling practice • a total loss of 13.8% - 3.6% weight loss and • 10% loss due to quality deterioration. • Improvements over traditional handling practice resulted in a 66 % reduction66 % reduction in total loss at the retail level.
- 17. Improving LossesImproving Losses Forthe entire post-harvest handling system (farm to retail), system loss was markedly reduced from 52% to 18.3% with the post-harvest interventions and improvements introduced in the traditional cauliflower supply chain, or a 65 per cent reduction in system loss.
- 19. Shelf Life • Shelflife is the length of time that a commodity may be stored or displayed for sale without becoming unfit for use or consumption. • At the retail market, the shelf life of traditionally handled cauliflower curds was 5 days. • With the improved practice, the shelf life ofWith the improved practice, the shelf life of cauliflower curds increased to 8 days due to thecauliflower curds increased to 8 days due to the wrapping of individual curds with plastic film.wrapping of individual curds with plastic film. • As a result, retailers are able to increase their volume of sales and returns because of the extended period of 03 days over which good quality produce can be displayed for sale.
- 20. Cauliflower curd safetyCauliflowercurd safety • Application of good practice in handling cauliflower curds from harvest to retail is critical in minimizing the risk of contamination posed by pathogenic microorganisms that may originate from theoriginate from the vegetablevegetable itself and from workers who come inworkers who come in contactcontact with produce during handling.
- 21. Item Farmer Plastic sack (No trimming) Plasticcrate (With trimming) Gross returns, Rs 2,225.00 2,865.00 Total cost* , Rs 50.00 6.40 Total Gross income, Rs 2,175.00 2,858.60 Gross income/kg, Rs 21.75 28.58 3A3A Item Wholesaler Plastic sack (No trimming) Plastic crate (With trimming) Gross returns, Rs 2,225.00 2865.00 Total cost, Rs 2,250.00 2506.40 Total net income, Rs -0.25 358.60 Net income/kg, Rs -0.25 3.58 3B3B 3C3C Item Retailer No film wrapping of untrimmed cauliflower Film wrapping of trimmed cauliflower Gross returns, Rs 3,160.00 5,772.00 Total cost* , Rs 2,500.00 3,540.00 Total net income, Rs 660.00 2,232.00 Net income/kg, Rs 6.60 22.32 * Does not include production cost 1 Nepalese rupee= 0.73 TK
- 22. • Results showthat trimming the stem and wrapper leaves of cauliflower at the farm level would benefit all actors in the supply chain. • Farmers benefit from an increased gross income when selling trimmed cauliflower as compared to selling untrimmed cauliflower. • The same is true for both the wholesaler and retailer; however, the retailer gains the most benefit from proper trimming of the cauliflower. Dr Abul Hasnat M SolaimanDr Abul Hasnat M Solaiman
- 23. Value added packing Cauliflowerunitary packaging in flow pack wrapper Cauliflower packaging in flow pack wrapper in shrink film
- 25. Things to remember…… cuttingcheck…..Trimming of Cauliflower Arranging in paper box Carat packing
- 26. For further information, pleasecontact: [email protected]@fao.org