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POWER POINT 2 .pptx verbs,present tense,
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- 2. PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE •FORMATION: SUBJECT + VERB • USE: 1) To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes: EXAMPLE: I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large city (general truth); Water freezes at zero degrees (general truth) Affirmative Interrogative Negative I think Do I think? I do not think He thinks Does he think? He does not think
- 3. PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE 2)To give instructions or directions: EXAMPLE: You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left. 3) To express fixed arrangements, present or future: EXAMPLE: Your exam starts at 09.00
- 4. NOTES ON THESIMPLE PRESENT, THIRD PERSON SINGULAR 1) In the third person singular most of the verbs end in -s: he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. 2) Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') + the infinitive of the verb. He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
- 5. NOTES ON THESIMPLE PRESENT, THIRD PERSON SINGULAR 3) Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies: fly --> flies, cry --> cries Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y: play --> plays, pray --> prays 4) Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch: he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
- 6. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE FORMATION:SUBJECT + VERB “TO BE”(am,is,are) + MAIN VERB + ING USE: 1) to describe an action that is going on at this moment: EXAMPLE: You are using the Internet. You are studying English grammar. 2) to describe an action that is going on during this period of time or a trend: EXAMPLE: Are you still working for the same company? More and more peopleare becoming vegetarian. Affirmative Negative Interrogative I am going I am not going Am I going?
- 7. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE 3)to describe an action or event in the future, which has already been planned or prepared: EXAMPLE: We're going on holiday tomorrow. I'm meeting my boyfriend tonight. Are they visiting you next winter? 4) to describe a temporary event or situation: EXAMPLE: He usually plays the drums, but he's playing bass guitar tonight. The weather forecast was good, but it's raining at the moment.
- 8. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE FORMATION:SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE USE: 1) An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. EXAMPLE: I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.) Affirmative Negative Interrogative I have walked I haven't walked Have I walked? He, she, it has walked He, she, hasn't walked Has he, she, it walked?
- 9. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 2)An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. EXAMPLE: She has been to the cinema twice this week (= and the week isn't over yet.) 3) A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. EXAMPLE: We have visited Portugal several times. 4) An action when the time is not important. EXAMPLE: He has read 'War and Peace'. (= the result of his reading is important)
- 10. OTHER EXAMPLES ACTIONS STARTEDIN THE PAST AND CONTINUING IN THE PRESENT • They haven't lived here for years. • She has worked in the bank for five years. • We have had the same car for ten years. WHEN THE TIME PERIOD REFERRED TO HAS NOT FINISHED • I have worked hard this week. • It has rained a lot this year. • We haven't seen her today. ACTIONS REPEATED IN AN UNSPECIFIED PERIOD BETWEEN THE PAST AND NOW. • They have seen that film six times • It has happened several times already. • She has visited them frequently. WHEN THE PRECISE TIME OF THE ACTION IS NOT IMPORTANT OR NOT KNOWN • Someone has eaten my soup! • Have you seen 'Gone with the Wind'? • She's studied Japanese, Russian, and English.
- 11. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSTENSE FORMATION: SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + MAIN VERB + ING USE: 1) Actions that started in the past and continue in the present EXAMPLE: She has been waiting for you all day (= and she's still waiting now). I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning (= and I still haven't finished it). They have been travelling since last October (= and they're not home yet). Affirmative Negative Interrogative I have been living I haven't been living Have I been living? He, she, it has been living He hasn't been living Has she been living?
- 12. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSTENSE 2) Actions that have just finished, but we are interested in the results EXAMPLE: She has been cooking since last night (= and the food on the table looks delicious). It's been raining (= and the streets are still wet). Someone's been eating my chips (= half of them have gone).
- 13. VERBS WITHOUT CONTINUOUSFORMS • With verbs not normally used in the continuous form, use the simple present perfect instead (verbs such as: know, hate, hear, understand, want). • EXAMPLES: I've wanted to visit China for years. She's known Robert since she was a child. I've hated that music since I first heard it. I've heard a lot about you recently. We've understood everything.
- 14. THANK YOU • PREPAREDBY: ERALD XHONE