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POWERPOINT on HABITAT in tropical regions
- 1. HABITAT HABITAT is aplace or environment where organisms normally live.
- 2. Different species of plantsand animals living in the same habitat are called community.
- 3. TYPES OF HABITAT Thereare three major types of habitat. These are: A. aquatic, B. terrestrial C. arboreal habitats.
- 4. Aquatic Habitat: Aquatic habitatmeans water environment. Aquatic habitat can be (i) Freshwater (ii) Marine (iii)Estuarine
- 5. Living organisms foundliving in aquatic habitat include whale, turtles, water lettuce, water lilies etc. Aquatic habitats are classified according to their salinity (salt content).
- 6. Terrestrial Habitat: The terrestrial habitatrefers to land environment.
- 7. EXAMPLES OF TERRESTRIALHABIT Terrestrial habitats are the ones that are found on land, like forests, grasslands, deserts, shorelines, and wetlands. Terrestrial habitats also include man made habitats, like farms, towns, and cities, and habitats that are under the earth, like caves, mountains and mines.
- 8. Living organisms found livingin terrestrial habitat include man, domestic animals e.g. dog, cat, goat, wild animals such as lion, tiger etc.
- 9. Types of Terrestrialhabitats (i) Tropical rainforest (ii)Savannah (grassland) (iii) Desert
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- 18. Arboreal Habitat: Arboreal habitatmeans air environment. It can also be referred to as life in or on trees habitat.
- 19. Animals like parrots,weaver birds, monkeys and orangutans are good examples of animals found in arboreal habitats. Animals in Arboreal Habitat:
- 20. ADAPTATION OF ORGANISMSTO THEIR HABITATS Plants and animals are found in a particular area (habitat) because they have special features which help them to survive in that habitat.
- 21. What is Adaptation Adaptationis any feature of an organism in structure or activity that makes the organism to survive in its environment. Such features are called adaptive features. For instance, fishes have gills, fins and tails (adaptive features) water bodies.
- 22. PLANT ADAPTATIONS Hydrophytes areplants that are adapted to living in or on aquatic environments. E.g. sugar cane, water lily, water hyacinth etc. Halophytes are plants that are adapted to living in coastal water where salt concentrations are much higher than normal. Mangrove is an example of such plant. It excretes the salt through its leaves. Mesophytes are terrestrial plants which are adapted to neither a particularly dry nor completely aquatic environment. E.g. reeds. Xerophytes are drought resistant plants. They are commonly found in arid northern Nigeria and desert environments.
- 23. ADAPTATION OF PLANTSTO AQUATIC HABITAT (i) They have poorly developed root system.
- 24. (ii)Generally, leaves of aquaticplants have large air spaces that keep them buoyant and let them absorb oxygen. ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO AQUATIC HABITAT
- 25. Leaves of Giantwater lily
- 26. (iii)Some possess breathing rootsfor gaseous exchange. ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO AQUATIC HABITAT
- 28. (iv) Some possesswaxy cuticles on their leaves to prevent wetting so that gaseous exchange can easily take place ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO AQUATIC HABITAT
- 30. ADAPTATION OF PLANTSTO TERRESTRIAL HABITAT (i)They possess extensive root system for anchorage and water absorption e.g. Mahogany.
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- 32. (ii)Desert plants possess tinyand scanty leaves to reduce water loss through transpiration. ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO TERRESTRIAL HABITAT
- 33. Desert plant (withtiny leaves)
- 34. (iii) Some haveleaves reduced to spines e.g. Cactus, to reduce the rate of transpiration. ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO TERRESTRIAL HABITAT
- 37. (iv) They possess thickbark on their stems to protect internal tissues. ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO TERRESTRIAL HABITAT
- 40. (v) Some havespecial storage tissues that enable them to withstand conditions of external drought by using their water storage. E.g. Cactus. ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO TERRESTRIAL HABITAT
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- 43. ADAPTATION OF ANIMALSTO THEIR HABITATS AQUATIC: Fins and tails for swimming, streamlined body for swimming. Fish, Toad, Tadpoles.
- 44. Webbed feet forswimming, e.g. Duck, Toads, Crocodile, Frog etc. ADAPTATION OF ANIMALS TO THEIR HABITATS
- 45. Gills for breathing. ADAPTATIONOF ANIMALS TO THEIR HABITATS
- 46. Adaptation of TerrestrialAnimal Limbs, legs, arms, feet for walking, running and jumping, lung for breathing, scaly skin to reduce water loss. e.g. Man, Dog, Cow, Rat, lion etc ADAPTATION OF ANIMALS TO THEIR HABITATS
- 47. Adaptation of ArborealAnimals Wings for flight, e.g. Birds, Bat, Insects etc. ADAPTATION OF ANIMALS TO THEIR HABITATS
- 48. Behavioral adaptation inAnimals • Migration: can be defined as the phenomenon of the movement of animals from one region to another for their survival. • Hibernation: can be defined as the inactive state of the animals, which they enter to escape from the cold weather. • Camouflage: can be defined as the ability of animals to blend in with their surrounding environment, to escape predators. • Mimicry: Mimicry, is a phenomenon characterized by the superficial resemblance of two or more organisms that are not closely related.