Practical dr magdy

Practical dr magdy

• 1.
  Slide (1):-Acute suppurativeappendicitis  Naked eye :-Circular structure with bluish wall  Organ :-T.S. of an appendix  Comment :- 1-Lumen :-Necrotic debris,intact and dead PNLs, 2-Mucosa :-Intact and ulcerated areas 3-Submucosa :-Edema ,dilated and congested blood vessels , hyperplastic lymphoid follicles and PNL,s may extends to musculosa or serosa  Diagnosis :- Acute suppurative appendicitis
• 3.
  Slide (2):- Chronicinflammation  Organ :- Section in the skin  Comment :- 1-Epidermis :- Thickened epidermis and keratin 2-Dermis :- -Arterioles :- Thickened and narrowed (EAO) -Peri-vascular cuffing by (lymphocytes ,plasma cells and macrophages) -Increased fibroblasts and collagen.  Diagnosis :- Chronic inflammation in skin
• 5.
  Slide(3):-Myocardial scarring  Organ:- Section in heart  Comment :- Intact cardiac muscles :- Running in different directions Infarction area :- Pale pink,fibrous tissue area ,composed of wavy collagen,few fibroblasts and few dilated thin walled capillaries Diagnosis:- Myocardial scarring
• 7.
  Cell injury (degeneration) Wateraccumulation :- e.g Cloudy swelling of kidney Fat accumulation :- e.g fatty change of liver
• 8.
   Cloudy swelling:-  Reversible cell damage characterized by mild accumulation of water inside cells.  Oragns affected :-Proximal convoluted tubules of kidney ,liver and heart  Pathogenesis:-swollen mitochondria is fragmented with resultant decreased production of ATP and consequent distrubed Na/K pump retention of Na and H2O inside cells .  Pathology  Grossly :- The organ size :- Increased Colour :- Pale Consistency:- Soft
• 9.
  Cloudy swelling ofkidney
• 10.
   Section inthe kidney :-  Glomeruli :- Normal  Tubules :- -Lumen :- Narrowed and star shaped -Lining epithelial cells *Swollen *Conical (pyramidal ) shaped.Its apex directed inward. *Pink and granular cytoplasm (mitochondrial damage. *Intact rounded nuclei . Diagnosis :- Cloudy swelling of the kidney
• 12.
   Fatty change,liver  A condition characterized by accumulation of triglyceride inside hepatocytes  Causes:- 1-Toxins->diphtheria 2-Chemicals as phosphorus and CCL4  Etiology:- 1-Increased entrance of FFAheptocytes 2-Increased synthesis of FA and decreasd its oxidation 3-Increased estrification of FA 4-Decreased formation of phospholipids 5-Decreased excretion of phospholipids.
• 13.
  Specimen :- Sectionof liver Size :- enlarged D13 Surface :-Smooth Capsule :-Thin ,stretched easily Streped Colour :- Yellowish Borders :- Rounded Consistency:- Soft
• 14.
  Slide(5):-Fatty changes ofliver  Section in liver :-  Liver cells :- Cytoplasm :- Contain large clear vacuoles Nuclei :-Peripheral located nuclei(signet ring appearance. Some intact liver cells are seen. Diagnosis :- Fatty changes of liver.
• 16.
  Slide(6):-Recent thrombus  Nakedeye :-Rounded structure with intra-luminal thrombus (2nd rounded structure)  Section in blood vessel :- 1- The lumen of blood vessel :- -Filled by thrombus mass attached to the vessel wall at one point (head of the thrombus ) 2-The thrombus mass containing :- pale pink lines radiating from the head (lines of Zahn) and contain in between meshwork of fibrin ,RBC,s and WBC,s. Diagnosis :- Recent thrombus
• 17.
  2nd of circularlesions
• 18.
  Slide(7):-Atherosclerosis  Naked eye:- 3rd rounded structure  Section in an artery :- Intima :- Degenerated and elevated Subintima :- Fibro-fatty mass containing , needle like crystals of cholesterol. and haylinized C.T ± calcification Elastic lamina :-Fragmented Media opposite the lesion :- Atrophic . Diagnosis :- Atherosclerosis of an artery
• 19.
  crystals Atheroma Calcification Media