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- 2. PRAWN FISHERY & DIFFERENTSPECIES OF PRAWN IN INDIA By Balwant Singh Deportment of Applied Animal Science BABASAHEB BHIMRAO AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY Lucknow-226025 INDIA [email protected]
- 3. What isthe prawn fishery ? • Apart from some of the aquatic crustaceans are also included among the fishery of economic importance. • Prawn fishery is a most important cultural crustacean fishery in India. • The prawn fishery of India is next to that of USA. • Prawn production in Kerala State and Maharashtra coast is 92.40% of the total of all India prawn catch.
- 4. Types of PrawnFishery • According to their quality, topography and nature of water; Prawn fishery are categorized in four types- 1) Shallow Water Prawn Fishery 2) Saline Lake Prawn Fishery 3) Fresh Water Prawn Fishery 4) Marine Water Prawn Fishery
- 5. Shallow Water PrawnFishery • It is located on the west coast. • Where fishing is restricted to shallow water near the coast. • It is the rarely exceeding 18meters in depth. • During the monsoon months of June to August the fish shoals come near the coast and fishermen are enabled to catch prawns with cast nets.
- 6. Saline Lake PrawnFishery • The principal areas of production of prawn are extending along the southern half of coast. • Chilka lakes, and Estuaries of Ganga and Brahmputra river on theeastcoast are also important for saline prawn fishery. • Chilka lake is much rich in prawn production.
- 7. Fresh Water PrawnFishery • This type of prawn fishery are done in throughout the country. • In the fresh water prawn are caught from river, lakes, ponds, and other fresh water resources. • Some species are also caught from Brackish water lakes during certain months when the salinity is low, and the prawn migrates into them temporarily, chiefly for breeding.
- 8. Marine Water PrawnFishery • Most the marine prawns caught along the Indian coast belong tothefamily Penaeidae. • Marine prawns are found of warm shallow seas and swarm, both in their larval and adult stages, in muddy waters. • Three genera like Penaeus, Metapenaeus, and Prapenaeus are commonly found.
- 9. Species of Prawnin India • In India mostly five genera of prawn are reported, are as follows : 1)Penaeus 2)Metapenaeus 3)Parapenaeopsis 4)Palaemon 5)Macrobrachium
- 10. Penaeus indicus • Thisis the most common commercial prawn species. • This is found in both the coasts, occurring through coastal water and estuaries to coastal lakes. • It can attain maximum length up to 20 cm.
- 11. Penaeus monodon • Thisis largest sea prawn. • Found in Indian water of east and west coasts. • It can attain maximum length up to 30 cm.
- 12. Penaeus japonicus • Itis mostly found in sea coast of east areas. • It can attain maximum length up to 26 cm.
- 13. Penaeus semisulcatus • Thisis mostly found in both West Bengal coast and Mumbai coast. • This can be attain maximum length up to 20 cm.
- 14. Penaeus merguiensis • Thisis found both east and west coast in India. • This is the main species for catching easily. • This can be attain maximum length up to 18 cm.
- 15. Metapenaeus affinis • Thisis commonly found in paddy field of West Bengal. • Some time it may be found on the Mumbai coast also. • It can attain a length of 13 cm. when fully grown.
- 16. Metapenaeus dobsoni • Thisis commonly found in brackish water and estuaries. • It is dominant species on Kerala coast and fishing throughout the year. • It can grow up to maximum length 11 cm. and its life span 3 years.
- 17. Metapenaeus monoceros • Thisis found the entire coast line. • It is common for estuaries water. • It can attain a maximum length up to 17 cm.
- 18. Parapenaeopsisstylifera • This isfound on the west coast. • It is maximum fished in Kerala State in the months of December to May. • It can grow up to maximum length 11 cm. • Life span of this prawn is of 2 years.
- 19. Palaemon fluminicola • Thisprefers to inhabit fresh of brackish water. • This is reported to ascend the river Ganga to a distance of 1127 Km. • This can be attain maximum length up to 22 cm.
- 20. Palaemon styliferus • Thisis found brackish and marine waters. • This is contributes good catch of the Gangetic delta and Mumbai coast. • This can attain maximum length up to 18 cm.
- 21. Macrobrachium carcinus • Thisis fresh water prawn and migrate to brackish water for breeding. • This can attain maximum 30 cm. • This prawn is highly demanded species for freezing and export.
- 22. Macrobrachium idae • Thisis commonly found in Kerala coast water. • During the months of September to December. • This can be attain maximum length 26 cm.
- 23. Macrobrachium malcomsoni • Thisis migratory species generally found in Chilka lake. • This is fishing in large number in monsoon season. • This attain maximum length up to 15 cm.
- 24. Macrobrachium mirabilis • Thisis an important prawn catch in the upper reaches. • This is found in West Bengal estuaries. • This become up to length 23 cm.
- 25.