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Precision farming
- 1. PRECISION FARMING Anupam Dube IDNo. 14023
- 2. NEED FOR PRECISIONFARMING Decline in the total productivity Diminishing and degrading natural resources. Stagnating farm incomes. Lack of eco-regional approach Declining and fragmented land holdings Limited employment opportunities in non-farm sector Global climatic variation
- 4. WHAT IS PRECISIONFARMING ? Precision farming or precision agriculture is about doing the right thing, in the right place, in the right way, at the right time. This approach recognizes site-specific differences within fields and adjusts management actions accordingly. Managing crop production inputs such as water, seed, fertilizer etc to increase yield, quality, profit, reduce waste and becomes eco-friendly. concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter and intra-field variability in crops
- 5. It isbased on the global positioning system. The unique character of GPS is precision in time and space. Its use is fast spreading to all aspects of farm operations and beyond.
- 7. TOOLS IN PRECISIONFARMING
- 8. TOOLS IN PRECISIONFARMING Global positioning system (GPS) : locate the exact position of field information, such as soil type, pest occurrence, weed invasion, water holes, boundaries and obstructions.
- 9. Sensor technologies: used to measure humidity, vegetation, temperature, texture, structure, physical character, humidity, nutrient level, vapour, air etc.
- 10. Geographic informationsystem: GIS is a kind of computerized map . provide information on field topography, soil types, surface drainage, subsurface drainage, soil testing, irrigation, chemical application rates and crop yield
- 11. Grid soilsampling and variable-rate fertilizer (VRT) application : This involves dividing the field into several small and equal divisions. To do this tractor is fitted with dish antenna to recieve signals from satellite. Soil samples are mechanically taken from each sub division.
- 12. Samples are testedin a modern soil testing laboratory including physical and chemical characteristics of soil and recorded. Using the test results colour grams are created for entire field. The colour grams are stored in the computer for various functions. This helps in balancing soil fertility of the field. Fertilizers are then automatically applied at variable rates only to where they are needed as indicated by colour grams This brings uniformity of soil fertility , and maximum economic yield, which could not be achieved by other methods.
- 13. Rate controllers: control the delivery rate of chemical inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, either liquid or granular . Precision irrigation in pressurized system: controlling irrigation machine motions according to data. Yield monitor : the information generated is stored in the computer are used for site specific evaluation and monitoring by :
- 14. 1.planting variable ratesof seed. 2. applying variable rates of herbicides and pesticides. This not only reduces the cost of chemicals but also improves efficiency of pest control and protects environment Irrigation rates are given as per the information and thereby improving water use efficiency.
- 15. THE WAY FORWARD..... The most important component in taking PA forward will be in creating a huge resource of engineers, scientists and agriculturists to develop various components of the technology. Scientists from ICAR institutes, engineers, industries and farmers work together in developing PA. Industries have to take charge since they will develop the machinery
- 16. PA mayprovide a platform for industrial corporate social responsibility (CSR) activity by helping the rural poor improve their livelihood through high-tech farming. The Government of India can facilitate in this process by giving loans to the industry so that they get more engaged in agriculture and PA activities.
- 17. ADVANTAGES Agronomical perspectiveUse agronomical practices by looking at specific requirements of crop. Technical perspective allows efficient time management. Environmental perspective eco-friendly practices in crop. Economical perspective increases crop yield, quality and reduces cost of production by efficient use of farm inputs, labour, water etc
- 18. Comparative statement oncost of cultivation of annual horticultural crops under conventional & precision farming
- 19. crops Cost in conve ntiona l Cost in precisi on Yieldin conventi onal in MT Yield in precisi on in MT %yield increase over conventi onal Net income in conventi onal Net income in precisi on farmin g Mark et price range tomato 61000 99800 50 150 200 39000@ Rs.2/kg 275200 @Rs2. 5/kg 2—30 /kg Chilli 46000 68000 22 35 59.09 64000@ Rs 5/kg 142000 @Rs6/ kg 5- 15/kg Capsic um 49000 72000 18 25 39 95000Rs 8/kg 153000 @ Rs9/kg 8-25 /kg Brinjal 50000 82000 60 150 150 70000@ Rs2/kg 293000 @Rs 2.5/kg 2- 30/kg Bhindi 40600 62000 10 16 60 19400@ Rs 6/kg 50000 @Rs7/ kg 6- 16/kg Cabba 51500 78000 75 110 46 173500 252000 3-
- 20. India isreported to spend hundreds of crores of rupees in different projects. A small fraction of the current expenditure on precision farming can purchase the real thing .
- 21.