Presentation on ayub khan era
- 1. الرحيم الرحمن هللا بسم
- 2. Presentation on Ayub Khan Era Name: Sajawal Babar Roll No: BSAS-2414-17 Class: Actuarial Sciences Teacher Name: Salman Tanveer
- 4. Introduction Born in small village of Rehana in 1907 A.D. His father Meer Dad Khan was the Junior Commissioner Officer. He got early education from his village. For higher education, he moved to Aligarh University.
- 5. Military Career of Ayub Khan He got selected in Royal Military Academy for getting Military education. After passing out from Royal Military Academy in 1927, he was appointed as 2nd lieutenant in Royal British Army. After 3 years ago he promoted as lieutenant in 1930. He was an intelligent & brave solider with very short span of time in 1937 he promoted as a Captain. In 1940 he appointed as Major of Army. In 2nd World War he posted at Burma where he promoted as Kernel. On the time of partition he was serving Brigadier of British Army in 1947.
- 6. Appointed Commander-in-Chief in 1951. Became a powerful political figure. General Ayub Khan arriving to take command of the Pakistan Army in 1951.
- 7. Martial Law The Government of Iskander Mirza was unpopular and the political situation was chaotic. People were in despair. 7th October 1958, martial law was declared by President Iskander Mirza.
- 8. President of Pakistan Ayub Khan removed Iskander Mirza & took on the office of president. This event was known as the Glorious Revolution.
- 9. Reforms Introduced by Ayub Khan (a) Legal Reform Introduced the Muslim Family laws in March 2, 1961. (b) Foreign Policy allied Pakistan with the global U.S military alliance against the Soviet Union.
- 10. Relation with Countries relation with U.S.A relation with Great Britain relation with China relation with Soviet Union
- 11. Conclusion of Ayub Khan Foreign Policy His cultivation of China angered the U.S.A The war increased the socio-economic problem. Therefore, Ayub Khan was not very successful in his foreign policy.
- 12. Shifting of Capital Karachi was unsuitable for various purpose for location, business. In 1967, Islamabad was officially made the capital. It is a modern and carefully planed city.
- 13. Industrial Revolution In Ayub Era Ayub khan established the cotton industry in Faisalabad. Ayub khan established the heavy machinery and fan industry in Gujrat. Ayub khan established the sports industry in Sialkot. He also established the small and medium size of mills in Pakistan. He also give subsidy to Industrialist for importing goods from the foreign Countries. By these step of Ayub Khan the large population of country get Jobs and their livelihood and with the passage of time the economy of Pakistan raised at high Level. The every capital income of every Pakistanis at highest level as compared to any other country of Asia.
- 14. Science, technology & Air Line development In the field of science and technology Ayub khan did a lot. The first satellite “AL-BADAR” was also launched for during the research of space science. Ayub khan also gave boost to the Pakistan in the field of air line. Shukria Khanam was the first woman pilot of Pakistan got the license of plane flying during the era of Ayub Khan.
- 15. Reforms in Media In Nov 25, 1964 Ayub khan established the first T.V station In Lahore commonly known as PTV(Pakistan television).
- 16. Establishments of Financial & Development Corporations Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation (PIDC) was set up with the capital of R.s 1 billion. It was put in charge to promote the following industries: -Heavy engendering -Fertilizers -Sugar -Cement -Textile etc.
- 17. Educational Reform After the report of the commission on national education which identified the importance of education as an investment in national growth: -Primary education -Secondary education -New curriculum -Building new institutes -Technical education -University degree coerces -Improve scientific education -Civil defense training
- 18. Agriculture Reform Land reforms & Green revolution -In land reform: a person could not own more than either 500 acres of canal irrigated land or 1000 acres of unirrigated land. -Utilization of resumed area -Creation of pools -Abolition of jagirs -Protection to tenants -Rights for tenants -Three major dams were built -Agricultural development bank was set up -Loans for farmer
- 19. 1959 Oct 1959; Ayub Khan introduced BASIC DEMOCRACIES. A pyramidal plan allowing people to directly elect councilmen they knew. 80,000 basic democrats were elected.
- 20. 1960 Ayub used those democrats for referendum held in Feb 14, 1960. As a result of referendum, Ayub khan became president for 5 years. He got the authority to frame future constitution of Pakistan. Sep 1960: Indus water treaty was also signed between Pakistan & India.
- 21. 1965 War and Election After 3.5 years of its life , 1958-62 martial law came to an end. 2 Jan 1965: presidential election. 4 candidates; Ayub Khan & Fatima Jinnah, 2 more members with With no party affiliation. Ayub khan won the elections and again became the president. Border incident became frequent from Jan 1965 to onwards. At Runn of kutch, India was badly defeated by Pak-Army. but on Feb 19, 1965 tribunal gave northern 350 sq. miles to Pak and rest to India.
- 22. Indian PM Lal Bahadur Shastri wanted to amalgamate Kashmir into India so Kashmir called for an all out war against Indian imperialism. India made Lahore offensive on Sep 6, 1965 at 3 am their targets were Lahore, Sialkot. Soviet Union: Neutral U.S.A: suspended aid to both China: supported Pak. U.N declared ceasefire which came into affect on Sep 23, 1965.
- 23. 1966 Tashkent declaration was signed between India & Pak. Talks lasted from Jan 4-10 Soviet Union played broker at Tashkent. In accordance with Tashkent Declaration: talks were held on March 1 & 2, 1966.
- 24. Final Year In Office Opened up negotiations. Increasing pressure from Z.A Bhutto. Handed over control of Pakistan by Yahya Khan.
- 25. Criticism Against Ayub Khan Government corruption & nepotism. Criticism of his son and family’s personal wealth. Presidential election against Fatima Jinnah. Gohar Ayub’s corruption. Increasing price of sugar.
- 26. Conclusion Man of great determination but lacking the quality of ‘listening to others. He always did what he though better in the light if his own experience. His regime can be characterized with some developments but he could not maintain the national harmony among the distant provinces of Pakistan.
- 27. Thank you