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This document provides information about breast cancer including what it is, risk factors, screening tools and recommendations, types of treatment, and myths. Some key points: - Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that develops from breast tissues, usually the milk ducts or lobules. - Risk factors include age, gender, family history, genetic factors, reproductive history, and lifestyle. - Screening tools include breast self-exams, clinical exams, mammography, and ultrasound. Mammography is recommended annually starting at age 40. - Early detection through screening can help prevent death and suffering by finding cancer early when it may be easier to treat.
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- 1. DR :-OMER HASHIM RADIATIONONCOLOGIST PORTSUDAN ONCOLOGY CENTER
- 2. CANCER what is thecancer ???? Abnormal Un controllable Continues multiplying cells
- 5. WHAT IS THEBREAST CANCER ?? Is a malignant cells developed form breast Tissues usually the ductsThe ducts
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- 7. EPIDEMOLOGY The most commoncancer in the women The incidence of breast cancer in USA is 442.4 per 100.000 Representing about 25% of all cancer cases worldwide The number of new cases in USA in 2020 is about 276,480 IBC 48,530 in situ cases About 1 0f 8 (12%)of US women will develop breast cancer during their life
- 11. the mortality 40,000women die per year The 2nd leading of cancer death world wide
- 12. RICK FACTORS No officecauses but multiples risk factors :- 1) Age usually alder women in the 5th cascade 50-60 2) Gander female: male ratio 100:1 3) +ve family history 4) Early menarche 5) Late menopause 6) Genetic predisposition (BRCA 1 or 2) 7) obesity 8) Exposure to radiation 9) Past medical history of breast cancer
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- 14. SCREENING Many young girlsare unaware of possibility of developing breast cancer as young adult There is a big difference between breast cancer diagnosis By screening and breast cancer diagnosis in late stage Goal : prevent death and suffering from the disease in question through early therapeutic intervention.
- 15. TOOLS OF SCREENING:- Breast self examination Clinical breast examination Mammography Ultrasound
- 16. Even with loweredrate of breast cancer , always stay aware of your body Abreast self examination is a check up a woman does At home . The best time is about 4—5 days after your period start Your breasts are not as tender or lumpy at this times If you have gone through menopausal do your self examination on the same day every month
- 17. WHAT LOOK FOR:- pain less lump in the breast in the armpit
- 18. nipple retraction ,envisionor discharge
- 19. Changes in skintexture, such as dimpling, puckering, or Skin that looks like an orange peel. Breast pain may also be a symptom as well.
- 23. OF INFLAMMTORY BREAST CANCER uncommon typesof breast cancer no distinct lump skin become thick, red, and look pitted warm or tender with a rash-like look
- 24. CLINICAL BREAST EXMANITION What’sThe Difference Between A Breast Self- Exam And A Clinical Breast Exam? A clinical breast exam is performed by a healthcare professional to detect any abnormalities and warning signs Breast self exam is something every woman should do once a month at home
- 25. MAMMOGRAPHY Mammography (alsocalled mastography) is the process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around 30 kVp) to examine the human breast for diagnosis and screening. The goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cancer, typically through detection of characteristic masses or microcalcifications, architectural distortion
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- 28. ULTRASOUND Ultrasound is acomplementary tool to mammography for the diagnosis of breast cancer • The NCCN recommends ultrasound for those women presenting with a dominant mass or asymmetric thickening or nodularity • The role of screening ultrasound remains controversial
- 29. WHEN TO BEGIN SCREENING??? 20-40yrs: 3 yearly Clinical breast examination After 40yr : Annual Clinical breast examination Annual mammogram from the age of 35 years Breast awareness:- WOMEN WITH >25% RISK OF BREAST CANCER :- All the above + MRI yearly after 35 years
- 30. EARLY STAGE VSLATE STAGE
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- 39. PREVENTION Modify risk factorslike: • PREVENTION ALCOHOL REDUCE WEIGHT TOMAXIFEN EXCRCISES
- 40. Prophylactic Surgery :- Bilateraltotal mastectomy or bilateral salpingoophrectomy Can be done in special high risk patients
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- 42. “Only women witha family history of breast cancer are at risk.” Roughly 70% of women diagnosed with breast cancer have no identifiable risk factors “Most breast lumps are cancerous.” 80% of breast lumps are benign (noncancerous) “Breast cancer is non curable” 90% of early stage breast cancers are curable, often with breast conserving treatments
- 43. “Only women canget breast cancer.” for every 135 cases of Breast Cancer in women, one man is diagnosed. “Small-breasted women have less chance of getting breast cancer.” no connection between the size of your breasts and your risk of getting breast cancer “Breast cancer always comes in the form of a lump.” A lump may indicate breast cancer, but women should also be on the alert for other kinds of changes that may be signs of cancer.
- 44. “Caffeine causes breastcancer.” No causal connection has been found between drinking caffeine and getting breast cancer. “Annual mammograms expose you to so much radiation that they increase your risk of cancer.” While it's true that radiation is used in mammography, the amount is so small that any associated risks are tiny when compared to the huge preventive benefits reaped from the test.
- 45. “Having a riskfactor—or even several—mean you’ll definitely get the disease” it just increases your chances “Your father's family history of breast cancer doesn't affect your risk as much as your mother's.” Your father's family history of breast cancer is just as important as your mother's in understanding your risk. “Wearing antiperspirant increases your risk of getting breast cancer.”
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- 47. Death rates frombreast cancer have been declining since about 1990 in part to better due to Screening and early detection increased awareness and continually improving treatment options. The majority of fund goes to improve treatment & only 5% goes to prevention the effort