Uploaded byAzmi Mohd Tamil
Principles of Occupational Health
This document provides an introduction to occupational safety and health. It discusses how occupational health draws from multiple disciplines to protect worker health. It outlines common workplace safety hazards and resulting injuries or diseases. Finally, it describes key concepts in occupational safety including industrial hygiene, ergonomics, risk assessment, and risk management.
In this document
Powered by AI
Overview of occupational safety and health concepts.
Interrelation of health and work; impact includes occupational injuries and diseases.
Various disciplines like occupational medicine, safety, and ergonomics involved in occupational health.
Key organizations involved in promoting occupational health and safety, including governmental and professional associations.
Identification of safety and health hazards including physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomic risks.
Description of common occupational injuries and diseases, such as lung diseases and skin problems.
Causes of accidents in the workplace and definitions of injury and safety in the context of occupational health.
Definition and process of industrial hygiene to identify and manage workplace health hazards.
List and explanation of essential personal protective equipment for safeguarding workers.
Definition of ergonomics and its importance for worker satisfaction and productivity.
Objectives of ergonomics in the workplace to ensure a safe and ergonomic work environment.
Key principles in ergonomics related to body dimensions and equipment design.
Health impacts resulting from poor ergonomic practices, including musculoskeletal and reproductive issues.
Steps for conducting occupational safety and health risk assessment, including hazard identification.
Approaches to manage risks in occupational safety and health, including risk communication and control measures.
More Related Content
Similar to Principles of Occupational Health
Principles of Occupational Health
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO OCCUPATIONALSAFETY AND HEALTH
- 2. Occupational health isthe application of biology, medicine, epidemiology, engineering, economics, education, politics, the law and other disciplines to protect workers from diseases of the workplace. Anthony Robbins Former Director, NIOSH USA
- 3. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Health ------------------------- Work Work --------------------------- Health Safety, health and welfare of workers and other persons at place of work. Work has both positive and negative effects Occupational injuries Occupational diseases Work related diseases
- 4. Disciplines under occupationalsafety and health Occupational medicine Occupational safety Industrial hygiene Ergonomics Toxicology Occupational epidemiology Occupational health nursing
- 5. Agencies Involved InOccupational Health Department of Occupational Safety and Health Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Health Unit, Ministry of Health Road Transport Department Ministry of Defence Ministry of Higher Education (Universities) Ministry of Agriculture (Pesticides Board) Professional Associations (eg SOEM, MSOSH,MOHNA) Employer organisations (MEF,FMM) Employee unions (MTUC, CUEPACS)
- 6. Safety and healthhazards in the workplace Physical – noise, radiation, heat, pressure Chemical- solvents, pesticides, heavy metals Biological – virus, bacteria, snakes, insects Psychosocial – stress, overtime Ergonomic – manual handling, shift work Mechanical hazards – sharp edges, slippery floor
- 7. Occupational injuries anddiseases Hand injuries, eye injuries, back injuries Lung disease: asbestosis, silicosis, occupational asthma Occupational cancer: mesothelioma (asbestos), hemangiosarcoma (vinyl chloride) Skin: Irritant contact dermatitis; Allergic contact dermatitis Nervous system: Wrist drop, Neurobehavioural disorders
- 8. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY Accidents: Endproduct of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions Factors causing accidents - Working environment, technical equipment and worker (man, machine and environment interface) Accidents can cause injuries. Injury defined as any damage or harm to the body resulting in impairment or destruction of health. Safety is the absence of risk to injury or harm.
- 9. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE Industrial hygieneis an applied science that uses concepts of physics, biology, chemistry, medicine and engineering to anticipate, identify, evaluate and control health hazards in the workplace.
- 10. Personal Protective Equipment Helmet Earmuffs, ear plugs Eye goggles Respirators – full face, half face air supplying, air purifying Gown Gloves Safety shoes
- 11. ERGONOMICS Ergonomics – humanfactors engineering Fitting the job to the worker and the product to the user. ILO defines ergonomics as application of human biological sciences in conjunction with engineering sciences to the worker and his environment so as to obtain maximum satisfaction for the worker which at the same time enhances productivity.
- 12. Aim of Ergonomicsin the Workplace Aim of applying ergonomics in the workplace: Having a work environment that is safe and healthy by designing workplace, work facilities, work equipment and work load that are suitable for the worker. Workplace, work facilities and work equipment designed to fit the majority of persons taking into consideration anthropometry of the “average” person and variations from small women to large men (5th percentile of female to 95th percentile of men).
- 13. Anthropometry in ergonomics Determineimportant body dimensions Define user population Determine principle to apply – design for extreme, for adjustable range or for average person. Select whether want to accommodate 90 or 95% of user population. Design, test and use equipment.
- 14. Effects of poorergonomics on health Musculoskeletal problems – cervicobrachial disorders carpal tunnel syndrome low back pain Fatigue Adverse reproductive outcomes of pregnancy – preterm labour, spontaneous abortions
- 15. OSH Risk Assessment Hazard identification Exposure assessment Risk characterisation
- 16. OSH Risk Management Riskacceptable – no action Risk unacceptable – take action Risk communication Hierarchy of Controls Elimination / Substitution Isolation / Enclosure Engineering controls Administrative control Personal protective equipment