Prof presantation

Prof presantation

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  Grammar By H AMbhamali 2014
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  What is Grammar? Thebest explanation of grammar is to define it as a set of rules of how we ought to speak and how we ought not to speak. This often makes overt value judgments by referring to the standards correct, or ‘good English’ and the non-standard as incorrect or ‘bad English’.
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  Form and Function Formalgrammar concerned with the forms themselves and with how they operate within the overall system of grammar. Generative theory is based on a rationalist approach, the central assumption being that language is represented as a speaker’s mental grammar, a set of abstract rules for generating grammatical sentences.
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  Type versus TokenGrammar Descriptions of language will also have different outcomes depending on whether they account for types of linguistic element in the abstract, or for tokens of linguistic element as they actually occur in contexts of use.
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  Nouns Nouns are thenames of things. Examples, ballon, elephant and Dogs
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  Pronouns Pronouns are wordsused in place of nouns.  The girl is pushing it. She has pig tails. They are eating.
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  Adjectives Adjectives help describepeople, places or things. o The cakes were delicious. The striped snake slithered by.
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  Verbs Verbs are usedto name actions. Bonga is eating her food. The crocodile crawls along slowly.
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  Adverbs Adverbs helps describeactions.  The boy is sleeping peacefully.  She shouted loudly.
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  Some of thebasics Grammar • • • • • PRESENT TENSE DEMONSTRATIVES POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES PRESENT CONTINOUS PREPOSITIONS
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  Present tense Present tenseis something that is happening now.  He is walking. I am a teacher.
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  Demonstratives Demonstrative are wordsthat indicating an object. A. This is a chalkboard. B. These are papers
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  POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES I You He She We They My Your His Her Our Their + Noun
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  PRESENT CONTINOUS The presentcontinuous tense is used to describe activities that happens now, that means activities that are developing in the moment of speaking.  She is singing.  You are cooking.
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  PREPOSITION OF PLACE •In the house • In a shop • In a town • In a car • • On a shelf
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  The teacher teachesthe lesson. The students learn the lesson. The lesson is taught by the teacher . The lesson is learnt by the students.
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  The students learntthe lesson. They made good cars in the USA. The lesson was learnt by the students. Good cars were made in the USA.
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  The teacher willteach the lesson. They will make good cars in the USA. The lesson will be taught by the teach. Good cars will be made in the USA.
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  A Uses • If weuse the active voice, it is the person or thing that does an action that is important. Example • Mr Tse coaches the football team. Notice • In this sentice, we are talking about Mr Tse, so it is natural to use the active voice and say what he does.
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  • The pointof forming indirect sentence • 1.Use that to connect the stagement. • 2.Change pronouns. • 3.Change the tenses usually. • 4.Sometime stay the tense as the reported stagement is always. true or still true. • 5.infinitives stay the same.
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  Direct sentences The sentencethat indicate words that a said by a person. The tense do not change Pronoun does not change
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  References Ann (25.09.2012) http://www.slideshare.net/ann221133/grammar-14448260?qid=3bf9aa15-9d19-46a3-8eff-d923ed3ce242&v=qf1&b=&from_search=16 Arishia12(30.04.2012) http://www.slideshare.net/arishia12/grammar-12750350?qid=3bf9aa15-9d19-46a3-8effd923ed3ce242&v=qf1&b=&from_search=40 Hussain Nawrasi (27.01. 2012 http://www.slideshare.net/HussainNawrasi/grammar-11300112?qid=3bf9aa15-9d19-46a3-8eff-d923ed3ce242&v=qf1&b=&from_search=24 Safura (23.04.2012)http://www.slideshare.net/justsafura/grammar-12648427?qid=3bf9aa15-9d19-46a3-8effd923ed3ce242&v=qf1&b=&from_search=39 Lascumbresalumnos (20.06.2012) http://www.slideshare.net/Lascumbresalumnos/grammar13399005?qid=3bf9aa15-9d19-46a3-8eff-d923ed3ce242&v=default&b=&from_search=53 Lorenelly Cervera Orrantia (03.05.2012) http://www.slideshare.net/LorenellyCerveraOrrantia/grammar-12780385?qid=3bf9aa15-9d19-46a3-8effd923ed3ce242&v=default&b=&from_search=6 Muhamad Yogi (13.05.2013) http://www.slideshare.net/Sugiessssss/grammar-21103623?qid=3bf9aa15-9d19-46a3-8effd923ed3ce242&v=default&b=&from_search=33