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PSY 315 Week 3 Inferential Research and Statistics Project Part 1
Presentation
PSY 315 Week 3 Practice Problem Worksheet (Version 7)
(PTSD)
(PTSD)
Presentation (PTSD)
PSY 315 Week 2 Practice Worksheet (New, 2018)
PSY 315 Week 1 Discussion Question 1
PSY 315 week 1 Individual Assignment Research, Statistics, and
Psychology Paper
PSY 315 Week 1 Practice Problems Worksheet

PSY 315 week 2 Individual Assignment Ch 1 Practice Problems 12 15
19 20 21 and 22
PSY 315 week 2 Learning team assignment Descriptive and Inferential
Statistics Paper andTeam Charter
PSY 315 week 2 Learning team assignment Descriptive and Inferential
Statistics Presentation (New)
PSY 315 Week 3 Team Assignment Hypothesis Testing Lesson
Presentation
PSY 315 week 3 individual assignment Chapter 2 Practice Problems 11
12 13 16 21 and Chapter 3 Practice Problems 14 15 22 25
PSY 315 week 4 individual assignment Chapter 4 Practice Problems 13
16 and 20
PSY 315 week 4 Learning team assignment Hypothesis Testing Paper
on Psycological reason for Depression
PSY 315 Week 4 Team Assignment Research Data Critique
PSY 315 week 5 Individual Assignment Ch 7 Practice Problem 14, Ch 8
Practice Problem 18, Ch 9 Practice Problem 17 Ch 11 Practice Problems
11,12
PSY 315 Week 5 Individual Assignment Hypothesis Testing Paper

PSY 315 Week 5 Practice Problem Worksheet (NEW)
==============================================
PSY 315 Week 1 Discussion Question 1 (UOP Course)
What are the differences between quantitative and qualitative data?
What are some examples of each?
==============================================
What are descriptive statistics, and how might you use descriptive
statistics in your personal life?
==============================================

PSY 315 Week 1 Individual Assignment Research, Statistics,
and Psychology Paper (UOP Course)
1. Individual Assignment: Research, Statistics, and Psychology Paper
Resources: Assigned readings, ERRs, the Internet, and other sources
Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you examine the role of
research and statistics in the field of psychology.
Address the following items thoroughly:
o Define research and the scientific method (include an
explanation of all five steps).
o Compare and contrast the characteristics of primary and
secondary data.
o Explain the role of statistics in research. (Keep the focus
within the field of psychology).
Format your paper according to APA standards.

Complete the Certificate of Originality Report and submit to the
Assignments link as an attachment along with this assignment.
==============================================
Provide a response to the following questions. Written responses should
be at least 30 to 45 words each.
1. Explain and provide an example for each of the following types
of variables:
a. Nominal:
b. Ordinal:
c. Interval:
d. Ratio scale:
e. Continuous:
f. Discrete:

g. Quantitative:
h. Qualitative:
2. The following are the speeds of 40 cars clocked by radar on a
particular road in a 35 miles-per-hour zone on an afternoon:
30, 36, 42, 36, 30, 52, 36, 34, 36, 33, 30, 32, 35, 32, 37, 34, 36, 31, 35,
20
24, 46, 23, 31, 32, 45, 34, 37, 28, 40, 34, 38, 40, 52, 31, 33, 15, 27, 36,
40
Create a frequency table and a histogram. Then, describe the general
shape of the distribution.
3. Raskauskas and Stoltz (2007) asked a group of 84 adolescents
about their involvement in traditional and electronic bullying. The
researchers defined electronic bullying as ―…a means of bullying in
which peers use electronics (such as text messages, emails, and
defaming Web sites) to taunt, threaten, harass, and/or intimidate a peer‖
(p. 565). The table below is a frequency table showing the adolescents’
reported incidence of being victims or perpetrators of traditional and
electronic bullying.
a. Using the table below as an example, explain the idea of a
frequency table to a person who has never taken a course in statistics.
b. Explain the general meaning of the pattern of results.
4. Describe whether each of the following data words best describes
descriptive statistics or inferential statistics. Explain your reasoning.

a. Describe:
b. Infer:
c. Summarize:
5. Compare the three types of research methods and statistics.
6. Regarding gun ownership in the United States, data from Gallup
polls over a 40-year period show how gun ownership in the United
States has changed. The results are described below, with the percentage
of Americans who own guns given in each of the 5 decades.
a. Are the percentages reported above an example of descriptive
statistics or inferential statistics? Why?
b. Based on the table, how would you describe the changes in gun
ownership in the United States over the 40 years shown?
7. Refer to the Simpson-Southward et al. (2016) article from this
week’s electronic readings. Was this an example of inferential statistics
and research or descriptive statistics and research? Justify your response.
==============================================

The median home price in your area has increased in the last 10 years,
how does this differ from the mean home price in your area? How does
this illustrate what the mean and median are?
==============================================
How effective are the pie charts that often accompany a newspaper
article in explaining the statistics being used in the article? Can you find
an example of a pie chart?
==============================================
PSY 315 Week 2 Learning team assignment Descriptive and
Inferential Statistics Paper and Team Charter (UOP Course)

1. Learning Team Assignment:Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
Paper & Team Charter: see Rubric in the Course MaterialsForum, Also
post the team charter to the Assignments section with the completed
assignment.
Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you examine the
differences between descriptive and inferential statistics.
Address the following items:
o Describe the functions of statistics.
o Define descriptive and inferential statistics.
o Provideat least one example of the relationship between
descriptive and inferential statistics.

==============================================
PSY 315 Week 2 Learning team assignment Descriptive
and Inferential Statistics Presentation (New)
Resource: Assigned journal article
Create a 7- to 10-slide presentation with speaker notes examining the
differences between descriptive and inferential statistics used in the
journal article you were assigned.
Address the following items as they apply to the article:
 Describe the functions of statistics.
 Define descriptive and inferential statistics.
 Provide at least one example of the relationship between descriptive and
inferential statistics.
Format your presentation consistent with APA guidelines.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
==============================================

Week 2 Practice Worksheet
Provide a response to the following prompts.
1. The Wilcox &Keselman (2003) article from this week’s electronic
readings discusses two problems with measures of central
tendency: skewness of the data and outliers. Discuss each of these
issues and how they affect measures of central tendency.
2. How do the sample mean and the population mean differ? What is
the symbol for each type of mean?
3. An expert reviews a sample of 10 scientific articles (n = 10) and
records the following numbers of error in each article: 0, 4, 2, 8, 2,
3, 1, 0, 5, and 7.
1. Compute the mean, median, mode, sum of squares (SS), the
variance, and the standard deviation for this sample using the
definitional and computational formulas. You may use
Microsoft® Excel® data anlysis to compute these statistics
and copy your output into this worksheet.

Explain, to a person who has never had a course in statistics what you
have done.
1. Note the ways in which the means and standard deviations differ,
and speculate on the possible meaning of these differences,
presuming they are representative of U.S. governors and large
corporations’ CEOs in general.
4. A researcher records the levels of attraction for various fashion
models among college students. He finds that mean levels of
attraction are much higher than the median and the mode for these
data.
5. What is the shape of the distribution for the data in this study?
1. What measure of central tendency is most appropriate for
describing these data? Why?
5. On a standard measure of hearing ability, the mean is 300, and the
standard deviation is 20. Provide the Z scores for persons whose
raw scores are 340, 310, and 260. Provide the raw scores for
persons whose Z scores on this test are 2.4, 1.5, and -4.5.
6. Using the unit normal table, find the proportion under the standard
normal curve that lies in the tail for each of the follow useing table
starting on page 673 (Hint: Remember to change all percents to
decimals):
1. Z = 1.00
2. Z = -1.05

3. Z = 0
4. Z = 2.80
5. Z = 1.96
7. Suppose the scores of architects on a particular creativity test are
normally distributed. Using a normal curve table (pp. 673-676 of
the text), what percentage of architects have Z scores
8. above .10?
9. below .10?
10. above .20?
11. below .20?
12. above 1.10?
13. below 1.10?
8. A statistics instructor wants to measure the effectiveness of his
teaching skills in a class of 102 students (N = 102). He selects
students by waiting at the door to the classroom prior to his lecture
and pulling aside every third student to give him or her a
questionnaire.
1. Is this sample design an example of random sampling? Explain.
Assuming that all students attend his class that day, how many students
will the instructor select to complete his questionnaire?
9. Suppose you were going to conduct a survey of visitors to your
campus. You want the survey to be as representative as possible.

1. How would you select the people to survey?
1. Why would that be your best method?
10. In a school band, 9 kids play string instruments, 10 kids play
woodwind instruments, 7 kids play brass instruments, and 4 kids
play percussion instruments.
1. What is the probability that you randomly select a kid who
plays a string or percussion instrument?
1. What is the probability that you randomly select a kid who does
not play a brass instrument?
==============================================
What are some terms related to hypothesis testing with which you are
already familiar? What are the five steps of hypothesis testing? Why do
the null and alternative hypotheses have to be mutually exclusive?
==============================================

What is the difference between null and alternative hypotheses
statements in one-tailed and two-tailed tests? What are
significance/alpha levels and how does using a one versus a two tailed
test affect significance levels?
==============================================
PSY 315 Week 3 Inferential Research and Statistics
Project Part 1 (PTSD)
Select one of the following scenarios based on your particular field of
interest in psychology:

o Industrial/Organizational Psychology:
o A few months ago, the upper management at a large corporation
decided they wanted to make major changes in the organization.
Leadership is concerned that employees may be resistant to the
change, and they want to find out if there is a change management
method that would help employees accept change more effectively
and keep employee satisfaction high. Two methods they have
considered are the ADKAR Framework and the Prosci Change
Management Methodology. The company wants to implement a
small change in two departments before they make any major
organization changes and would like to test the methods. The
corporation uses the Devine Company to measure employee
satisfaction with an anonymous survey.
o Applied Psychology:
o A large medical facility is experiencing too many missed
appointments in its primary and specialty care clinics. The facility
has noticed that not all patients respond well to reminder calls
regarding follow-up appointments. Some patients do not answer
calls and do not seem to respond to voice mail requesting they call
the facility. The result is that many follow up appointments are
missed. Management has read articles that people respond very
well to text messages and would like to see which method provides
the least amount of missed appointments. Missed appointments are
tracked in the facility database on a monthly basis.
o General Psychology:
o Clinicians at a small clinic have been introduced to a new method
to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in their clients for
veterans. Research indicates that virtual reality (VR) is a highly
effective treatment option for patients with PTSD. Currently, the
clinic uses only cognitive processing therapy (CPT) with their

patients suffering from PTSD. The clinicians would like to find out
whether VR therapy has different results from CPT therapy. The
measure used by the clinic to measure PTSD symptoms is the
Combat Exposure Scale. Both therapies need to be applied for a
minimum of 12 weeks to be effective.
Write a 525- to 750-word paper that addresses the following for your
chosen scenario:
 Clearly define the problem or issue you are addressing. Provide a
brief background of any research you have found that might affect
your research hypothesis.
 Create a research hypothesis based on the information provided in
each scenario. You will be given a data set with two sets of interval
data (just the numbers, as you must decide what they represent,
such as method A results or method B results). This means you are
going to test one thing against another, such as which method
works best (step 1 of the steps to hypothesis testing). State the null
and research hypotheses. Explain whether these hypotheses require
a one-tailed test or two-tailed test, and explain your rationale.
 Describe the sample you will use. Sample size will be 30 for each
group, which will be provided in your data set. Explain what type
of sampling you selected. You may create your own data set if you
want, as it is only hypothetical—you do not need to collect any
data.
 Do you think you would also collect some descriptive data, such as
gender, age, or shift? Why do you think it makes sense to collect
descriptive data?
Format your paper according to APA guidelines.
Example

You have a hypothesis that two drugs have different effects on lowering
anxiety. You would have anxiety scores for drug A and anxiety scores
for drug B (all after 4 weeks of treatment) to run inferential analysis
after 4 weeks.
 Null hypothesis is H0: drug A = drug B
 Research hypothesis is H1: drug A ≠ drug B
 Dependent variable: Anxiety score changed after treatment.
 Independent variable: drug treatment
Because you did not state a direction in your hypotheses (better than or
worse than), this will be a two-tailed test. You are looking for
differences in either direction. You would set your alpha level of .05 and
have a sample for each group of 30 people that were volunteers for the
study.
==============================================
On a standard measure of hearing ability, the mean is 300, and the
standard deviation is 20. Provide the Z scores for persons whose raw
scores are 340, 310, and 260. Provide the raw scores for persons
whose Z scores on this test are 2.4, 1.5, and -4.5.
2. Using the unit normal table, find the proportion under the standard
normal curve that lies to the right of each of the following:

a. z = 1.00
b. z = -1.05
c. z = 0
d. z = 2.80
e. z = 1.96
3. Suppose the scores of architects on a particular creativity test are
normally distributed. Using a normal curve table (pp. 477–480 of the
text), what percentage of architects have Z scores
a. Above .10?
b. Below .10?
c. Above .20?
d. Below .20?
e. Above 1.10?
f. Below 1.10?
g. Above -.10?
h. Below -.10?
4. A statistics instructor wants to measure the effectiveness of his
teaching skills in a class of 102 students (N = 102). He selects students
by waiting at the door to the classroom prior to his lecture and pulling
aside every third student to give him or her a questionnaire.
a. Is this sample design an example of random sampling? Explain.
b. Assuming that all students attend his class that day, how many
students will the instructor select to complete his questionnaire?
5. Suppose you were going to conduct a survey of visitors to your
campus. You want the survey to be as representative as possible.
a. How would you select the people to survey?
b. Why would that be your best method?
==============================================

Week 3 Practice Worksheet
Provide a response to the following prompts.
Note: Each team member should compute the following questions and
submit them to the Learning Team forum. The team should then discuss
each team member’s answers to ascertain the correct answer for each
question. Once your team has answered all the questions, submit a
finalized team worksheet.
1. When a result is not extreme enough to reject the null hypothesis,
explain why it is wrong to conclude that your result supports the
null hypothesis.
2. List the five steps of hypothesis testing and explain the procedure
and logic of each.
3. A researcher wants to know whether people who regularly listen to
radio talk shows are more or less likely to vote in national elections
than people in general.

1. State the research hypothesis and null hypothesis
1. Would the researchers use a one- or two-tailed Z test?
4. The general population (Population 2) has a mean of 30 and a
standard deviation of 5, and the cutoff Z score for significance in a
study involving one participant is 1.96. If the raw score obtained
by the participant is 45, what decisions should be made about the
null and research hypotheses?
5. One hundred people are included in a study in which they are
compared to a known population that has a mean of 73, a standard
deviation of 20, and a rectangular distribution.
1. μM = __________.
2. σM = __________.
3. The shape of the comparison distribution is __________.
4. If the sample mean is 75, the lower limit for the 99% confidence
interval is __________.
5. If the sample mean is 75, the upper limit for the 99% confidence
6. If the sample mean is 75, the lower limit for the 95% confidence
7. If the sample mean is 75, the upper limit for the 95% confidence

6. A psychology professor of a large class became curious as to
whether the students who turned in tests first scored differently
from the overall mean on the test. The overall mean score on the
test was 75 with a standard deviation of 10; the scores were
approximately normally distributed. The mean score for the first 20
students to turn in tests was 78. Using the .05 significance level,
was the average test score earned by the first 20 students to turn in
their tests significantly different from the overall mean?
1. Use the five steps of hypothesis testing.
1. Figure the confidence limits for the 95% confidence interval.
==============================================
PSY 315 Week 3 Team Assignment Hypothesis Testing Lesson
Presentation
Prepare a 7- to 10-slide Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation with speaker
notes, as a lesson to explain the null and alternative hypothesis and how
to use a z-test to test the null hypothesis.
Provide an example to illustrate your lesson.
Include a minimum of 1-2 peer-reviewed resources as references.

==============================================
What is a t-Test? How is the t-Test different from what we learned last
week? What is the normal distribution and how does it relate to the t-
test? What is an example of a situation in which you would use a t Test
for dependent means?
==============================================

What is the theory underlying the ANOVA? Why is it important? What
are the differences between a two sample t-test and ANOVA hypothesis
testing? What is an example of a research idea that would need to be
analyzed using an ANOVA?
==============================================
Project Part 2 (PTSD)
Analyze the data from Part 1 using Microsoft®
Excel®
software.
Write a 700- to 875-word paper that includes the following information:
o Describe what method you are using to compare groups.
o Copy and paste the output into a Microsoft®
Word document, and
also answer the following questions:
o What is the significance level of the comparison?
o What was the alpha level you identified in Week 3?
o What was the means and variance for each variable?
o What was the test statistic?
o What was the critical value for both the one- and two-tailed test?
o Was your test one-tailed or two-tailed?
o Were you able to reject the null hypothesis? In other words, did
you prove there was a difference?

 Talk about what these results mean in everyday language and in
context to your chosen scenario.
 Make a recommendation based on the findings.
Format your paper according to APA guidelines.
Example of Output You Would Use to Answer These Questions
==============================================
PSY 315 Week 4 Learning team assignment Hypothesis Testing
Paper on Psycological reason for Depression (UOP Course)
1. Learning Team Assignment: Hypothesis Testing Paper
Select a research issue, problem, or opportunity in the field of
psychology.

Obtain instructor approval for your research issue, problem, or
opportunity before completing your Hypothesis Testing Paper.
Prepare a 1,050- to 1,750-word paper in which you formulate a
hypothesis based on your selected research issue, problem, or
opportunity. See the rubric in the Course Materials forum.
Address the following:
o Describe your selected research issue, problem, or
opportunity.
o Formulate both a numerical and verbal hypothesis
statement concerning your selected research issue, problem,
or opportunity.
o Explainhow the five steps of hypothesis testing were
carried out for analyzing your data, and how the five steps of
hypothesis testing may be used to evaluate other solutions for
your selected research issue, problem, or opportunity.

2. Learning Team Assignment: Hypothesis Testing Presentation
Resources: Assigned readings, ERRs, the Internet, and other
sources
Prepare a 10- to 15-slides (not including the title and
reference slides) Microsoft®
PowerPoint®
presentation with
presenter notes illustrating your Hypothesis Testing Paper.
(Remember the title and references slides do not count
towards the needed total slide count). Follow the rubric
provided in the Course Materials forum.
==============================================
1. Two boats, the Prada (Italy) and the Oracle (USA), are competing
for a spot in the upcoming America’s Cup race. They race over a
part of the course several times. The sample times in minutes for
the Prada were as follows: 12.9, 12.5, 11.0, 13.3, 11.2, 11.4, 11.6,
12.3, 14.2, and 11.3. The sample times in minutes for the Oracle
were as follows: 14.1, 14.1, 14.2, 17.4, 15.8, 16.7, 16.1, 13.3, 13.4,
13.6, 10.8, and 19.0. For data analysis, the appropriate test is the t

test: two-sample assuming unequal variances.
The next table shows the results of this independent t test. At the .05
significance level, can you conclude that there is a difference in their
mean times? Explain these results to a person who knows about the t test
for a single sample but who is unfamiliar with the t test for independent
means.
2. The Willow Run Outlet Mall has two Haggar Outlet Stores, one
located on Peach Street and the other on Plum Street. The two
stores are laid out differently, but both store managers claim their
layout maximizes the amounts customers will purchase on
impulse. A sample of 10 customers at the Peach Street store
revealed they spent the following amounts more than planned:
$17.58, $19.73, $12.61, $17.79, $16.22, $15.82, $15.40, $15.86,
$11.82, $15.85. A sample of 14 customers at the Plum Street store
revealed they spent the following amounts more than they planned
when they entered the store: $18.19, $20.22, $17.38, $17.96,
$23.92, $15.87, $16.47, $15.96, $16.79, $16.74, $21.40, $20.57,
$19.79, $14.83. For data analysis, a t test: two-sample
assuming unequal variances was used.
At the .01 significance level, is there a difference in the mean amount
purchased on an impulse at the two stores? Explain these results to a
person who knows about the t test for a single sample but who is
unfamiliar with the t test for independent means.
3. Fry Brothers Heating and Air Conditioning, Inc. employs Larry
Clark and George Murnen to make service calls to repair furnaces
and air conditioning units in homes. Tom Fry, the owner, would
like to know whether there is a difference in the mean number of
service calls they make per day. Assume the population standard
deviation for Larry Clark is 1.05 calls per day, and 1.23 calls per
day for George Murnen. A random sample of 40 days last year
showed that Larry Clark made an average of 4.77 calls per day. For

a sample of 50 days, George Murnen made an average of 5.02 calls
per day. At the .05 significance level, is there a difference in the
mean number of calls per day between the two employees? What is
the p-value?
Chapters 11 & 12
1. A consumer organization wants to know if there is a difference in
the price of a particular toy at three different types of stores. The
price of the toy was checked in a sample of five discount toy
stores, five variety stores, and five department stores. The results
are shown below.
An ANOVA was run and the results are shown below. At the .05
significance level, is there a difference in the mean prices between the
three stores? What is the p-value? Explain why an ANOVA was used to
analyze this problem.
2. A physician who specializes in weight control has three different
diets she recommends. As an experiment, she randomly selected
15 patients and then assigned 5 to each diet. After three weeks the
following weight losses, in pounds, were noted. At the .05
significance level, can she conclude that there is a difference in the
mean amount of weight loss among the three diets?
An ANOVA was run and the results are shown below. At the .01
significance level, is there a difference in the weight loss between the
three plans? What is the p-value? What can you do to determine exactly
where the difference is?
==============================================

What is a correlation? What are the different types of correlation
research? Why is it important to determine correlation? How is the
strength of a correlation determined?
==============================================
If anxiety and depression are correlated, what three possible directions
of causality might explain this correlation?
==============================================
PSY 315 Week 5 Individual Assignment Hypothesis Testing
Paper

Resource: Instructor approved research issue, problem, or opportunity in
the field of psychology
Prepare a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper in which you formulate a
hypothesis based on your selected research issue, problem, or
opportunity.
Address the following:
Describe your selected research issue, problem, or opportunity.
Formulate a hypothesis statement concerning your selected research
issue, problem, or opportunity.
Determine your population and describe which sampling method you
would use to generate your sample
Describe how you would collect your data, the level of measurement of
your data and which statistical technique you would use to analyze the
data. Explain why you chose that statistical technique.
Include a conclusion of your anticipated findings.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
==============================================

Project Part 3 Presentation (PTSD)
Create a 12- to 15-slide presentation using the information you gathered
and submitted in Weeks 3 & 4. Include the following:
 Describe the problem, and provide some brief background about
the situation.
 Explain the research hypothesis.
 Describe your sample and your sampling method.
 Explain the four steps of the research process you followed, and
define the critical value and the test statistic your analysis
provided.
 Provide the main finding of the study. What did you prove or fail
to prove?
 Provide recommendations based on your findings.
Format any citations in your presentation according to APA guidelines.
==============================================

Provide a response to the following questions.
Note: Each team member should compute the following questions and
submit them to the Learning Team forum. The team should then discuss
each team member’s answers to ascertain the correct answer for each
question. Once your team has answered all the questions, submit a
finalized team worksheet.
Your research team has been tasked with finding the correlation of the
following scenario:
Four research participants take a test of manual dexterity (high scores
mean better dexterity) and an anxiety test (high scores mean more
anxiety). The scores are as follows:
Person Dexterity Anxiety
1 1 10
2 1 8
3 2 4
4 4 -2
Describe the process your research team would go through by
completing the following:
1. Create a scatter diagram of the scores, which should be a negative
direction.

2. Describe in words the general pattern of correlation, if any.
3. Figure the correlation coefficient.
4. Explain the logic of what you have done, writing as if you are
speaking to someone who has never heard of correlation (but who does
understand the mean, standard deviation, Z scores, and hypothesis
testing).
5. Provide three logically possible directions of causality, indicating
for each direction whether it is a reasonable explanation for the
correlation in light of the variables involved. Explain why.
==============================================

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