Q1-ARTS_045748 (1).pptx South Asian Arts

Lesson 1:
Fabric/Fabric
Design

THAILAND, CAMBODIA, &
LAOS
 THAI SILK is produced from the
cocoons of Thai silkworms.
 Mainly produced in KHORAT –
the center of the silk industry in
Thailand.

 Silk weaving in Cambodia
dates to as early as the first
century since textiles were
used for trading.
LAOS

There are two main types of Cambodian
weaving:
1. IKAT TECHNIQUE – to create patterns,
weavers tie and dye portions of weft yarn
before weaving begins. Patterns are diverse
and vary by region; common motifs include
lattice, stars, and spots.
LAOS

2. UNEVEN TWILL – it yields single or two-
color fabrics, which are produced by
weaving three threads so that the color
of one thread dominates on one side of
the fabric, while the two others
determine the color on the reverse sides.
LAOS

Cambodian modern silk-weaving centers are:
- Takeo
- Battambang
- Beanteay Meanchey
- Siem Reap
- Kampot
LAOS

KRAMA
- The traditional check scarves
worn almost universally by
Cambodians, are made of cotton.
LAOS

 According to Lao tradition, stories of their
history were not passed orally nor written, they
were woven.
 Lao stories were weaved in the intricate dense
patterns and motifs of textiles.
 Unfortunately, some are elaborately fantastic
and the motifs so cryptic, that in many cases only
the weaver can accurately interpret the story.
LAOS

SIHN
– the Lao women’s ankle-long skirt
whose form is undeniable but
whose patterns are unique to each
skirt.
LAOS

VIETNAM
GOLDEN THREAD SILK were born in
Vietnam.
HA DONG – the center of weaving and
sericulture (silk worm production in
Vietnam.
Weaving patterns containing centuries-old
symbols and characters.

Some popular Vietnamese fabric ranges are:
1.Shantung taffeta
2.Bengaline weave
3.Ebony satin – an all-natural lustrous silk
hand-woven in southern Vietnam and
naturally dyed using ebony fruit pods.
VIETNAM

INDONESIA, MALAYSIA &
SINGAPORE
 The fabric most common to both
countries is the BATIK.
 The term batik is an Indonesian-
Malay word, believed to be related
to the Malay word titik, which
means “point”, “dot”, or “drop”.

 The “drop” action refers to the
process of dyeing the fabric by making
use of a resist technique: covering
areas of cloth with a dye-resistant
substances (usually hot wax to
prevent them from absorbing colors.
SINGAPORE

There are two categories of batik
designs;
1.Geometric motifs
2.Free form designs
Modern batik designs depends on
the creativity of their designers.
SINGAPORE

In Malaysia, the states of
Kelantan and Terengganu are
considered the cradle where batik
first flourished, reaching even
Singapore’s shores.
SINGAPORE

There are two main types of batik that are produced
there:
1. Hand painted – the artist use the canting, a small
copper containers with one or more different-sized
pipes.
2. Block printed – is done by welding together strips of
metal to form a metal block. The metal block is then
dipped into molten wax and pressed against the fabric
in order to make a pattern.
SINGAPORE

 Malaysian batik is famous for its geometrical
designs or spirals.
 The method of Malaysian batik-making is also
different form those of Indonesian Javanese batik.
 Their patterns are larger and simpler. More brush
painting is applied to be able to put lighter and
more vibrant colors than deep-colored Javanese
batik.
SINGAPORE

 Nowadays, batik is featured in as
the uniform of flight attendants
form the official flag carrier
airlines of Singapore, Indonesia
and Malaysia.
SINGAPORE

FLIGHT ATTENDANTS WEARING
BATIK

BRUNEI
 Brunei’s traditional textile is also called
batik but it is uniquely different from
Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore.
 It’s designs have their national flower
SIMPUR, SUMBOI-SUMBOI, and Brunei’s
traditional design of air muleh.

Batik can be done in four different ways:
1.Hand-drawn
2.Using metal blocks
3.Screen printing
4.Digital printing
BRUNEI

THAILAND
 Sky Lantern Festival
 Flying lanterns are made out of rice
paper with a bamboo frame, which
contain a fuel cell or small candle.
 In Thailand, flying lanterns are used
during the year of festivals, the most
popular being the LOY KRATHONG

 Sky lanterns or wish lanterns as
they are also commonly known
have become popular on the main
tourist beaches of Phuket.
THAILAND

CAMBODIA & LAOS
 Handicrafts are part of their
traditional culture and their
livelihood as they produce textiles,
baskets, jars, pottery, and other
tools for their daily use.

 They make paper by hand in the wider region
for over 700 years using the bark of the local SA
or mulberry tree. The bark is crushed and
soaked in water until it dissolves into a paste.
The liquid is then scooped out, poured through
a bamboo sieve, and finally placed in a thin
layer in a bamboo bed and dried in the sun.
CAMBODIA & LAOS

VIETNAM
 Vietnamese silk painting is one of the
most popular forms of art in Vietnam.
 Vietnamese silk paintings typically
showcase the countryside,
landscapes, pagodas, historical
events, or scenes of daily life.

INDONESIA
Shadow puppetry is famous in Indonesia.
 WAYANG, in modern Indonesian language
means “show” or “perform”. KULIT means
“skin”, a reference to the leather material that
the figures are carved out of.
 Others say that wayang is also attributed to the
Indonesia word bayang which means “shadow”.

 Wayang Kulit is a type of puppet shadow
play performed around the Indo-Malayan
archipelago, tracing its origin to India.
 It is derived from a Javanese Hindu-
Buddhist tradition, where hand-crafted
leather puppets depict epic stories of the
gods in shadow play.
INDONESIA

 A traditional gamelan orchestra
would accompany the story
telling.
INDONESIA

Performance of Wayang Kulit
- The puppets are moved behind a cotton or linen
screen by a DALANG, or “puppet master” in shadow
puppet plays.
- The dalang tells the story, interprets, and voices each
character, producing sound effects with speech and
movement and manipulates all the figures between
the lamp and the screen to bring the shadows to life.
INDONESIA

MALAYSIA
 WAU KITE in Malay is uniquely
designed Malaysian kite.
 Malaysia has been celebrating kite
festivals annually like the Pasir
Gudang International Kite Festival.

BRUNEI
SONGKOK – also called peci or kopiah, is a cap
widely worn in Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia,
Singapore, the southern Philippines, and
southern Thailand, mostly among Muslim
males in formal gatherings such as wedding
feasts, funerals, or festive occasions as the
Muslim Eidul-Fitr and Eid al-Adha.

In Brunei Darussalam, men’s headgears are
categorized into three:
1. Dastar – which is a piece of cloth tied around the
head.
2. Songkok or kopiah – a type of cap made from
velvet.
3. Tangkolok or serban – which resembles a turban
and is typical headdress in the Middle East.
BRUNEI

 After a period of time the wearing of
songkok become a tradition and
synonymous with being a Malay.
Gradually, it replaced the dastar as part
of the Malay’s national dress on most
formal occasions.
BRUNEI

CAMBODIA
 The art of stone carving has
flourished in Cambodia.
From small statues to the
breathtaking carvings found at
Angkor Wat

THAILAND
World-famous for its sculpture
that dates back 4,000 years.
The most commonly used
materials are wood, stone, ivory,
clay, and various metals.

 This famous sculpture in Wat Pho
in Bangkok is 46 meters long and
15 meters high.
 It is made of plaster on a brick
core and finished in gold leaf. The
feet are inlaid with mother of pearl.
THAILAND

 Lao artisans use a variety of media
in their sculptural creations.
 Typically, the precious metals such
as bronze, silver and gold are used.
LAOS

 The most famous statue made of gold
is the Phra Say of the sixteenth century,
which the Siamese carried home as
loot in the late eighteenth century.
 Another famous sculpture in Laos is
the Phra Bang which also cast in gold.
LAOS

 Vietnamese sculpture has been heavily
influenced by the three traditional religions:
Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism which
come from neighboring countries, China and
India.
 Among the famous sculptures is the 10,000-
year-old carvings which can be seem on the
Dong Noi Cave.
VIETNAM

 The Dong Son culture is famous for
its kettledrums, small carvings, and
home utensils which have handles
sculpted in the shape of men,
elephants, toads, and tortoises.
VIETNAM

 Known for its stone, bronze, and iron-age
arts.
 The most amazing sculptures are the Asmat
wooden sculpture of Papua, the Dayak
wooden mask and sculpture, the ancestral
wooden statue of Toraja, and also the totem-
like sculpture of Batak and Nias tribes.
INDONESIA

ANCESTRAL WOODEN STATUE
OF TORAJA

 From the classical Hindu-Buddhist
era of Indonesia, the most
prominent sculptures are the
hundreds of meters of relief and
hundreds of stone Buddhas at the
temple of Borobudur in Central Java.
INDONESIA

 Balinese handicrafts such as sculptures,
masks, and other carving artworks are
popular souvenir items for tourists.
 The Jepara wood carvings are famous for
their elaborately carved wooden furniture,
folding screens, and pelaminangebyok
(wedding throne with carved background).
INDONESIA

 Relief sculpture is practiced
today by artists and architects,
done with stone, marble, bronze,
and many other substances.
MALAYSIA

There are three main types of relief
sculptures:
1. Alto form – is almost completely carved
from its surface, highly shaped, with very little
of the structure touching the base or plane.
These sculptures could possibly stand alone if
the base or plane were removed.
MALAYSIA

2. Bas form- is a relief that barely
extends past the base. These are
common as wall decorations on Greek
or Roman buildings and are the type
mostly seen on the Colosseum.
MALAYSIA

3. Sunken relief
sculpture- an image that is
carved into the surface rather
than out of it.
MALAYSIA

 The best Malay woodcarving is from
Terengganu and Kelantan. Passed
down form one generation to another,
the craft is divided into ukiran halus
(fine carving) and ukiran kasar
(literally meaning “rough carving”)
MALAYSIA

 Ukiran halus involves the carving of
relief patterns, hilts of keris (short Malay
dagger), bed heads, and cupboard tops.
 Ukiran kasar refers to the carvings on
larger objects like furniture, pillars,
windows, room portions and eaves of
roofs.
MALAYSIA

 Cengal is the preferred wood for
building houses and boats. Being
expensive, other woods such as balau
or perah (which is slightly softer than
cengal) might be used for the rafters or
flatboards of a house or for the pro of a
boat.
MALAYSIA

 The Sri Mariammam Hindu temple with
sculptures of different images is almost
as old as Singapore itself.
 Its most interesting feature is its
impressive gopuram (tower) over the
main entrance, which is decorated with
numerous Hindu deities.
SINGAPORE

 The Merlion is also partly inspired by
the story of how Singapore got its
name or “The Singapura Story”.
 The Sentosa Merlion is the biggest
replica, standing 37 meters and made
from glass-reinforced concrete.
SINGAPORE

Q1-ARTS_045748 (1).pptx South Asian Arts

Q1-ARTS_045748 (1).pptx South Asian Arts

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Q1-ARTS_045748 (1).pptx South Asian Arts