Rain Water Harvesting

Rain Water Harvesting

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  PRESENTATION RAIN WATER HARVESTING ON By:- SaurabhSingh
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  RAIN WATER HARVESTING ANOBLE GOAL A COMMON RESPONSIBILITY
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  WHAT IS RAINWATER HARVESTING  Rainwater harvesting is the accumulating and storing of rainwater for reuse before it reaches the aquifer.  The principle of collecting and using precipitation from a catchments surface.
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  WHY RAIN WATERHARVESTING :  Surface water is inadequate to meet our demand and we have to depend on ground water.  To arrest ground water decline and augment ground water table  To beneficiate water quality in aquifers  To conserve surface water runoff during monsoon  To reduce soil erosion  Due to rapid urbanization, infiltration of rain water into the sub-soil has decreased drastically and recharging of ground water has diminished.
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  RAIN WATER PATTERNIN INDIA  Total annual rainfall in India: 400 million hectare- meters (area x height)  India’s area: 329 million hectares  If evenly spread, average height: 1.28m  Actual distribution:  Highly skewed area-wise  Thar desert receives less than 200mm annually, while Cherrapunji receives 11,400mm  But almost every part of India receives at least 100mm annually  Key: even 100mm annual rainfall sufficient if harvested properly and where it falls
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  RAIN WATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES:  Roof top rainwater harvesting.  Surface runoff harvesting .
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  ELEMENTS OF ROOFTOPRWH  CATCHMENT  COUNDITS  FILTERS  STORAGE FACILITY
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  METHODS OF ROOFTOPRWH  Storage of direct use  Recharging ground water aquifer - Recharging dug wells - Recharging pits - Recharging tube well
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  SURFACE RUNOFF HARVESTING Harvesting of surface runoff and storage of the same into reservoirs such as water pans makes it available for use when required.  In this method of collecting rainwater for irrigation, water flowing along the ground during the rains will be collected to a tank below the surface of the ground..
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  TRADITIONAL RWH STRUCTURE BAWODI: Traditional step wells are called vavadi in Gujarat, or baoris or bavadis in Rajasthan and northern India.  They were secular structures from which everyone could draw water.  Most of them are defunct today.
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  JOHADS A johad isa crescent- shaped bund which is built across a sloping catchment to capture the surface water before it runs off. Water accumulating in the johad percolates in the soil to augment the groundwater. The groundwater then can be used when there is no rainfall.
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  Kunds  Covered undergroundtank, developed primarily for tackling drinking water problems.  Usually constructed with local materials or cement, kunds were more prevalent in regions where groundwater is saline.  Before the onset of rains every year, meticulous care was taken to clean up the catchment of the kunds.  Cattle grazing and entry with shoes into the catchment area of the kunds was strictly prohibited.  The proximity of a kund to the house or village saved time and effort in searching for drinking water.
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  USES OF RAINWATERHARVESTING  Domestic Use  Agricultural Use  Increase groundwater supplies
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  POTENTIAL OF RWH Impacts on downstream flows.  Reduce soil erosion.  Increase the crop production.  Increase infiltration and groundwater recharge.  Improve food & economic security.
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  ADVANTAGE  It useslocal construction materials and labor.  Sources of energy are not needed to operate the systems.  The owner/user can easily maintain the systems.  The water is convenient and accessible; valuable time and effort are saved in collecting and/or hauling water.  It provides a supply of water to meet future agricultural needs.
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  RWH: A NOBLEGOAL A COMMON RESPONSIBILITY
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  THANK YOU