Rajat PVTGs preparing for education PPT (1).pdf

Rajat PVTGs preparing for education PPT (1).pdf

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  POLITICAL PARTICIPATION ANDDEVELOPMENT OF PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TRIBAL GROUPS (PVTGS): A CASE STUDY OF THE LODHA TRIBE IN MAYURBHANJ DISTRICT, ODISHA Presented by Rajat Kumar Barik
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  INTRODUCTION  Political participationis a crucial element of democratic governance, serving as a vehicle for marginalized communities to assert their rights, voice their concerns, and actively contribute to the processes that shape their social, economic, and political realities  India is home to 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), who represent the most marginalized and socio-economically backward sections of the Scheduled Tribes.  Odisha has 13 PVTGs, with the Lodha tribe being one of the most marginalized, primarily residing in Mayurbhanj district.  Among them, the Lodha tribe of Mayurbhanj district in Odisha has long struggled with issues of land alienation, illiteracy, poverty, and social exclusion. Despite constitutional safeguards and targeted welfare programs, their participation in political and developmental processes remains limited.  This case study explores the intersection of political engagement and socio-economic development among the Lodhas, aiming to understand how active citizenship and democratic inclusion can drive positive change. By analyzing government schemes, electoral participation, leadership representation, and grassroots mobilization, the study highlights both progress and persistent gaps in achieving inclusive development for this vulnerable group.  The presentation seeks to provide critical insights into how empowering the Lodhas through participatory governance can enhance their access to rights, resources, and sustainable development opportunities, while also shedding light on the broader implications for tribal policy in India.
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  SIGNIFICANCE OF THESTUDY  This research will contribute to tribal policy-making, participatory governance models, and PVTG empowerment frameworks. It will provide field-based evidence that can inform Odisha’s tribal welfare strategies and contribute to academic discussions on tribal rights, decentralization, and inclusive development.
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  REVIEW OF LITERATURE NIRDPR (2021), Reported by the National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj analyzed the impact of the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) on tribal governance in Odisha, revealing that despite constitutional provisions like the PESA Act, actual implementation remains weak in PVTG-dominated areas, resulting in limited control over local resources and decisions.  UNPFII (2022), Discussed indigenous political participation globally. The report underscored that communities like India's PVTGs face parallel challenges worldwide: lack of institutional support, cultural assimilation pressures, and limited autonomy.  Davis and Sayers (2023), In the Journal of Indigenous Development analyzed indigenous groups participation in local governance across South Asia, with a specific focus on eastern India.  Mishra and Padhi (2022), In the Odisha Journal of Tribal Studies investigated the development schemes targeted at PVTGs, noting a stark gap between policy formulation and ground-level implementation.  Centre for Policy Research (2023), Studied the role of tribal leaders in Odisha’s electoral politics. It observed that while tribal leaders have emerged in some regions, most come from relatively better-off tribal subgroups, and representation from PVTGs remains extremely rare.  Sen and Rawat (2021), In the International Journal of Development Studies, which examined participatory development among forest-dwelling communities in Southeast Asia. The study highlighted the importance of community-led governance and customary law integration in ensuring inclusive political development, suggesting similar models could be adapted for Odisha’s PVTGs.  Rath and Das (2023), Explored the lived experiences of PVTG women in Gajapati district and their roles in Gram Sabhas and Self Help Groups (SHGs). The study revealed that while SHGs have increased women's visibility in local governance, deep-rooted gender norms and lack of institutional support continue to restrict their broader political participation.
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  RESEARCH PROBLEM  Politicalparticipation is a critical aspect of democratic governance, ensuring that all sections of society, including marginalized communities, have a voice in the decision-making process. In the context of India, and particularly Odisha, the participation of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) remains an under-researched and under-represented area. Among these communities, the Lodha tribe of Mayurbhanj district faces multiple layers of exclusion— historical, social, economic, and political.  Despite constitutional provisions and affirmative action policies, their involvement in electoral politics, grassroots governance, and public policy remains minimal. This research seeks to explore the extent and nature of political participation among the Lodha tribe, examining whether they have meaningful engagement or are simply symbolic participants in the political process.
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   The challengesto political participation for PVTGs like the Lodhas are multi-dimensional. Structural barriers such as poverty, illiteracy, lack of awareness, and geographical isolation restrict their access to political institutions.  This research will also explore the potential reforms necessary to enhance the political participation of the Lodha tribe. Key areas of reform may include the introduction of targeted political education programs, capacity-building initiatives, culturally relevant awareness campaigns, and mechanisms to ensure accountability and responsiveness of political institutions.  The study aims to contribute to the broader discourse on inclusive governance and tribal development by identifying actionable strategies that bridge the gap between constitutional promises and grassroots realities for PVTGs in Odisha.
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  OBJECTIVES OF THESTUDY  To analyze the impact of political participation on the socio-economic development of the Lodha tribe.  To identify the challenges faced by the Lodhas in accessing political and developmental platforms.  To evaluate the role of government schemes, local governance, and NGOs in promoting political inclusion and development of the Lodha community in the study area.  To examine the level of political awareness and participation among the Lodha tribe in Mayurbhanj district.  To suggest policy interventions for enhancing political empowerment and sustainable development of the Lodha PVTG.
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  RESEARCH QUESTIONS  Howdoes political participation influence the socio-economic status of the Lodhas in Mayurbhanj?  What are the structural and socio-cultural barriers limiting political participation of the Lodha PVTG ?  To what extent have government programs and Panchayati raj institutions been effective in promoting the political inclusion of the Lodha tribe?  What is the current level of political awareness and participation among the Lodha tribe in the study area ?  What measures can be taken to improve political engagement and ensure inclusive development for the Lodha PVTG in Odisha ?
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  DATA SOURCES ANDMETHODOLOGY  The study will be conducted in Mayurbhanj district in Odisha purposive-cum multistage technique has employed to the select the area and sample tribal household cover in the study.  In the first stage, Mayurbhanj district in Odisha will be selected purposively.  Multistage random sampling will be using for choosing the Blocks, Panchayat and Villages.  In the second stage Lodha tribal villages will be randomly selected.  In the third stage 5 to 10 % of the house hold will be randomly selected from each selected village.  Those in approximately 400 tribal sample will be selected randomly from selected areas equal representation all sample villages chosen for the study.  In order to achieve the research objectives, the present study included both quantitative and qualitative methods. The present study is based on both primary and secondary data.  Primary data will be collected from fieldwork conducted in Mayurbhanj District of Odisha.  Secondary data will be collected from government reports, NGO publications, academic journals, and census data.  As research tools and techniques, the present study includes for data interpretation, various type of statistical tools will be used. This study for computing data MS-EXCEL, and SPSS software will be used.
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  CHAPTERIZATION  The presentresearch work is comprised of 6 chapters.  Chapter 1 - Introduction  Chapter 2 - Review of Literature  Chapter 3 -Tribal Rights, Participation, and Development: Theoretical Framework.  Chapter 4 -Socio-Economic Profile of the Sample PVTGs Respondents  Chapter 5 - Data Analysis and Interpretation  Chapter 6 – Summary, Conclusion, and Suggestions.
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  REFERENCES  Bhoi, N.,& Acharya, S. K. (2024). Health status of particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs) of Odisha: a narrative review. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 43(1), 176.  Chowdhury, D. (2022). The Development of Lodha Tribe: An Anthropological Review. Antrocom: Online Journal of Anthropology, 18(1).  Muniraju, S. B., & Thakur, M. R. (2018). Development deficits of particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs) and way forward. Tribal Development Policy in India.  Panda, S. (2015). The development of primitive tribal groups: A case of Lodha and Birhor of West Bengal. World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 1(6), 28-35.  Dash, Kadambini, and Asima Sahu. "Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups of India: Issues of Survival and Development."  Xaxa, V. (2005). Politics of language, religion and identity: Tribes in India.  Economic and political weekly, 1363-1370. Mohanty, B. (2005). Displacement and rehabilitation of tribals. Economic and Political Weekly, 1318-1320.  Kumar, Sanjay (2013). “Participation of Marginalized Groups in Panchayati Raj Institutions.” Indian Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 59, No. 1.  Mohanty, B.B. (2003). “Displacement and Rehabilitation of Tribals.” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 38, No. 12/13.