Downloaded 12 times
![#include <Rcpp.h>
!
// [[Rcpp::export]]
int foo(){
return 2 ;
}
Rcpp
Rcpp11
0 1 2 3 4
Less code -> faster compiles](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rcpp11dsc-140627100751-phpapp02/75/Rcpp11-6-2048.jpg)
![create
// old school NumericVector::create (Rcpp style).
NumericVector x = NumericVector::create(1.0, 2.0, 3.0) ;
NumericVector x = NumericVector::create(
_["a"] = 1.0, _["b"] = 2.0, _["c"] = 3.0
) ;
!
!
// create as a free function. Rcpp11 style
NumericVector x = create(1.0, 2.0, 3.0) ;
NumericVector x = create(
_["a"] = 1.0, _["b"] = 2.0, _["c"] = 3.0
) ;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rcpp11dsc-140627100751-phpapp02/75/Rcpp11-14-2048.jpg)
![sapply + lambda
#include <Rcpp11>
!
// [[export]]
NumericVector foo( NumericVector x ){
return sapply(x, [](double d){
return exp(d * 2) ;
});
}
x <- 1:3
sapply( x, function(d){
exp(d*2) ;
})](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rcpp11dsc-140627100751-phpapp02/75/Rcpp11-16-2048.jpg)
![attributes companion package
• Standalone impl of Rcpp attributes
[[Rcpp::export]], sourceCpp, compileAttributes
!
• Only available from github:
> install_github( "Rcpp11/attributes" )](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rcpp11dsc-140627100751-phpapp02/75/Rcpp11-18-2048.jpg)
![Use Rcpp11 in your package
• Write your .cpp files
#include <Rcpp11>
!
// [[export]]
void foo( … ) { … } // your code
SystemRequirements: C++11
LinkingTo: Rcpp11
library(attributes)
compileAttributes( "mypkg" )
• Express dep on C++11 and Rcpp11 headers
• Generate the boiler plate](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rcpp11dsc-140627100751-phpapp02/75/Rcpp11-19-2048.jpg)
![Internal C level try catch
SEXP res ;
try_catch( [&](){
// some unsafe C code that might JUMP
res = Rf_eval(expr, env) ;
}) ;
return res ;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rcpp11dsc-140627100751-phpapp02/75/Rcpp11-23-2048.jpg)
![Internal C level try catch
SEXP res ;
try_catch( [&](){
// some unsafe C code that might JUMP
res = Rf_eval(expr, env) ;
}) ;
return res ;
Nice syntax :
Better performance than Rcpp's solution
Rcpp
Rcpp11
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
overhead of safely calling a function (microseconds)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rcpp11dsc-140627100751-phpapp02/75/Rcpp11-27-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byRomain Francois
Rcpp11
Rcpp11 is a header-only rewrite of Rcpp that uses C++11 features and has a simpler interface. It has fewer constructors for NumericVector compared to Rcpp, with 11 versus 23. Rcpp11 also includes features like internal C++ try/catch blocks to safely handle errors from R code without needing R's tryCatch, and functions like R_PreserveObject and R_ReleaseObject to manage object lifetimes across R garbage collections.
More Related Content
Rcpp11
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- 4. Rcpp11 • C++ =C++11 • Smaller code base (than Rcpp) • Header only
- 6. #include <Rcpp.h> ! // [[Rcpp::export]] intfoo(){ return 2 ; } Rcpp Rcpp11 0 1 2 3 4 Less code -> faster compiles
- 7.
- 8. NumericVector constructors Vector() { Vector(const Vector& other){ Vector( SEXP x ) { ! Vector( const GenericProxy<Proxy>& proxy ){ explicit Vector( const no_init& obj) { Vector( const int& size, const stored_type& u ) { Vector( const std::string& st ){ Vector( const char* st ) { Vector( const int& siz, stored_type (*gen)(void) ) { Vector( const int& size ) { Vector( const Dimension& dims) { Vector( const Dimension& dims, const U& u) { Vector( const VectorBase<RTYPE,NA,VEC>& other ) { Vector( const int& size, const U& u) { Vector( const sugar::SingleLogicalResult<NA,T>& obj ) { Vector( const int& siz, stored_type (*gen)(U1), const U1& u1) { Vector( const int& siz, stored_type (*gen)(U1,U2), const U1& u1, const U2& u2) { Vector( const int& siz, stored_type (*gen)(U1,U2,U3), const U1& u1, const U2& u2, const U3& u3) { Vector( InputIterator first, InputIterator last){ Vector( InputIterator first, InputIterator last, int n) { Vector( InputIterator first, InputIterator last, Func func) { Vector( InputIterator first, InputIterator last, Func func, int n){ Vector( std::initializer_list<init_type> list ) { 23 constructors in Rcpp
- 9. NumericVector constructors 11 constructorsin Rcpp Vector(){ Vector( const Vector& other){ Vector( Vector&& other){ ! explicit Vector(int n) { explicit Vector(R_xlen_t n) { ! Vector( R_xlen_t n, value_type x ) { Vector( std::initializer_list<value_type> list ){ Vector( std::initializer_list<traits::named_object<value_type>> list ){ ! Vector( const SugarVectorExpression<eT, Expr>& other ) { Vector( const LazyVector<RT,Expr>& other ) { Vector( const GenericProxy<Proxy>& proxy ){
- 10. NumericVector constructors Vector( constint& siz, stored_type (*gen)(U1), const U1& u1) -> replicate double fun( int power ){ return pow(2.0, power) ; } ! // Rcpp NumericVector x(10, fun, 10.0) ; // Rcpp11 NumericVector x = replicate(10, fun, 10.0) ;
- 11. NumericVector constructors std::vector<double> v= /* ... */ ; ! // Rcpp NumericVector x(v.begin(), v.end()) ; // Rcpp11 NumericVector x = import(begin(v), end(v)) ; NumericVector x = import(v) ; Vector( InputIterator first, InputIterator last) -> import
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- 13. NumericVector ctors // C++uniform initialization NumericVector x = {1.0, 2.0, 3.0} ; ! // init with given size NumericVector y( 2 ) ; // data is not initialized NumericVector y( 2, 3.0 ) ; // initialize all to 3.0 ! // fuse several vectors (similar to c in R) NumericVector z = fuse(x, y) ; NumericVector z = fuse(x, y, 3.0) ;
- 14. create // old schoolNumericVector::create (Rcpp style). NumericVector x = NumericVector::create(1.0, 2.0, 3.0) ; NumericVector x = NumericVector::create( _["a"] = 1.0, _["b"] = 2.0, _["c"] = 3.0 ) ; ! ! // create as a free function. Rcpp11 style NumericVector x = create(1.0, 2.0, 3.0) ; NumericVector x = create( _["a"] = 1.0, _["b"] = 2.0, _["c"] = 3.0 ) ;
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- 16. sapply + lambda #include<Rcpp11> ! // [[export]] NumericVector foo( NumericVector x ){ return sapply(x, [](double d){ return exp(d * 2) ; }); } x <- 1:3 sapply( x, function(d){ exp(d*2) ; })
- 17. Rcpp11 release cycle •Available from CRAN: ! • Evolves quickly. Get it from github ! • Next Release: 3.1.1 (same time as R 3.1.1) > install.packages( "Rcpp11" ) > install_github( "Rcpp11/Rcpp11" )
- 18. attributes companion package •Standalone impl of Rcpp attributes [[Rcpp::export]], sourceCpp, compileAttributes ! • Only available from github: > install_github( "Rcpp11/attributes" )
- 19. Use Rcpp11 inyour package • Write your .cpp files #include <Rcpp11> ! // [[export]] void foo( … ) { … } // your code SystemRequirements: C++11 LinkingTo: Rcpp11 library(attributes) compileAttributes( "mypkg" ) • Express dep on C++11 and Rcpp11 headers • Generate the boiler plate
- 20. Header only • Noruntime dependency ! • Snapshot the code base ! • Better control for package authors
- 21. error handling C leveltry/catch
- 22. Internal C leveltry catch • Problem: evaluate an R call that might error (long jump) ! • Rcpp solution: wrap the call in R's tryCatch ! • Rcpp11 hack solution: • Leverage R_ToplevelExec / mess with the context • New problem. R_ToplevelExec expectations
- 23. Internal C leveltry catch SEXP res ; try_catch( [&](){ // some unsafe C code that might JUMP res = Rf_eval(expr, env) ; }) ; return res ;
- 24. Internal C leveltry catch /* R_ToplevelExec - call fun(data) within a top level context to insure that this functin cannot be left by a LONGJMP. R errors in the call to fun will result in a jump to top level. The return value is TRUE if fun returns normally, FALSE if it results in a jump to top level. */ ! Rboolean R_ToplevelExec(void (*fun)(void *), void *data) pointer to a function taking data as void* Data
- 25. Internal C leveltry catch template <typename Fun> void try_catch( Fun fun ) { typedef std::pair<Fun*, SEXP&> Pair ; ! SEXP return_value ; ! Pair pair = std::make_pair(&fun, std::ref(return_value)) ; ! bool ok = R_ToplevelExec( &internal::try_catch_helper<Fun>, &pair ) ; ! if( !ok ){ ! SEXP condition = VECTOR_ELT(return_value,0) ; ! if( Rf_isNull(condition) ){ stop("eval error : %s", R_curErrorBuf()) ; } else { Shield<SEXP> msg = Rf_eval( Rf_lang2( Rf_install( "conditionMessage"), condition ), R_GlobalEnv ) ; stop("eval error : %s", CHAR(STRING_ELT(msg, 0)) ) ; } } } The function templated by the real function to call Data, also parameterise by Fun
- 26. Internal C leveltry catch template <typename Fun> void try_catch_helper( void* data ){ typedef std::pair<Fun*, SEXP&> Pair ; Pair* pair = reinterpret_cast<Pair*>(data) ; RCNTXT* ctx = (RCNTXT*) R_GlobalContext ; ctx->callflag = CTXT_FUNCTION ; // first call to .addCondHands to add a handler SEXP args = pairlist( Rf_mkString("error"), Rf_allocVector(VECSXP,1), ctx->cloenv, ctx->cloenv, R_FalseValue ) ; SEXP symb = Rf_install(".addCondHands") ; SEXP ifun = INTERNAL( symb ) ; PRIMFUN(ifun)(symb, ifun, args, R_GlobalEnv ); // call it a second time to get the current R_HandlerStack CAR(args) = R_NilValue ; SEXP value = PRIMFUN(ifun)(symb, ifun, args, R_GlobalEnv ) ; pair->second = VECTOR_ELT(CAR(value),4) ; Fun& fun = *reinterpret_cast<Fun*>(pair->first) ; fun() ; } the actual function passed to R_ToplevelExec hack the contexts Finally calling the real function
- 27. Internal C leveltry catch SEXP res ; try_catch( [&](){ // some unsafe C code that might JUMP res = Rf_eval(expr, env) ; }) ; return res ; Nice syntax : Better performance than Rcpp's solution Rcpp Rcpp11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 overhead of safely calling a function (microseconds)
- 28. Internal C leveltry catch • Problem: evaluate an R call that might error • Rcpp solution: wrap the call in R's tryCatch • Rcpp11 hack: leverage R_ToplevelExec / mess with the context • Question: Can you help ? Please.
- 29.
- 30. /* This codekeeps a list of objects which are not assigned to variables but which are required to persist across garbage collections. The objects are registered with R_PreserveObject and deregistered with R_ReleaseObject. */ ! void R_PreserveObject(SEXP object) { R_PreciousList = CONS(object, R_PreciousList); } ! static SEXP RecursiveRelease(SEXP object, SEXP list) { if (!isNull(list)) { if (object == CAR(list)) return CDR(list); else CDR(list) = RecursiveRelease(object, CDR(list)); } return list; } ! void R_ReleaseObject(SEXP object) { R_PreciousList = RecursiveRelease(object, R_PreciousList); } ! R_PreserveObject / R_ReleaseObject
- 31.