Reportedspeech. 13

Reportedspeech. 13

• 1.
  REPORTED SPEECH Or INDIRECT SPEECH
• 2.
  REPORTED SPEECH When wewant to tell someone what someone else said in the past, there are two ways of doing so: - You can repeat that person’s words (direct speech) Ann said “I am at home” -You can use reported speech. Ann said (that ) she was at home
• 3.
  REPORTED SPEECH I’m feelingill Tom said “I am feeling ill” Tom said (that ) he was feeling ill Whe re ’s To m ? He said he was fe e ling ill.
• 4.
  REPORTING STATEMENTS RULES: 1 Weintroduce reported speech with said that or told + indirect object+ that. (that can be omitted) 2 Pronouns and time expressions change when necessary 33 We change verbs from present to past and from past or present perfect to past perfect. We change modal verbs from will to would, from can to could and must to had to.
• 5.
  My favourite filmis on TV tonight. I love comedies. Reported speechReported speech Lisa said that her favourite film was on TV that night. She said that she loved comedies. Look at the example.
• 6.
  What has changed? Pronouns:My ----- her I ------ she Verb Tense: am ------ was Love ----- loved Time words: tonight ------ that night
• 7.
  Introductory or ReportingverbsIntroductory or Reporting verbs The most common reporting verbs are - say (that) SAID - tell somebody (that). TOLD • Others such as admit, claim, explain, insist, reply, apologize, inform, advise, agree or suggest can be used. “It’s my fault” she said. She............ it was her fault. “I haven’t been thinking about you” Ann told me. Ann ............... she hadn’t been thinking about me. “I have been very tired” She explained. She ................... she had been very tired.
• 8.
  Say or Tell IMPORTANTDIFFERENCE!!! • SAY is not followed by the indirect object: Say (that)+ reported statement He said he was tired He said to me he was tired • TELL is always followed by an indirect object (a person or a pronoun). He told me that he was tired.
• 9.
  CHANGES IN THEVERBS DIRECT SPEECH  “I like techno music” he informed me.  “The are dancing very well” she agreed.  We bought tickets yesterday.” they explained  “I’ve never been here before”. Tom declared.  “I was listening to the music” she told us.  “We will be here tomorrow,” they promised.  “Young people must learn to behave” he said.  “We can go to the festival” he explained.  “I may visit you tomorrow” he said. REPORTED SPEECH  He informed me (that) he liked techno music.  She agreed (that) they were dancing very well.  They explained (that) they had bought tickets the day before.  Tom declared (that) he had never been there before.  She told us (that) she had been listening to the music.  They promised (that) they would be there the next day.  He said (that) young people had to learn to behave.  He explained (that) we could go to the festival.  He said he might visit me the next day.
• 10.
  In the ReportedSpeech we change the verbs to the PASTPAST. am /is are has / have see can Will May becomes becomes becomes becomes becomes becomes
• 11.
  Changes in verbtenses do (Present Simple) (Past Simple) am /is doing (Present Continuous) (Past Continuous) are doing (Present Continuous) (Past Continuous) has / have done (Present Perfect) (Past Perfect) becomes becomes becomes becomes
• 12.
  PRONOUNS • Subject Pronouns(I, she, we, etc.), • Object pronouns (me, you, him. her .. • and possessives (my, your, his, etc.) may change depending who is reporting and who they are talking to. o “ I want to see you at my office” Report 1: Mark to me Mark told me that he wanted to see me at his office. Report 2: Sara to Jim Sara told him that she wanted to see him at her office.
• 13.
  EXPRESSIONS OF TIMEAND PLACE • DIRECT SPEECH Here Now This / these Tonight Today Tomorrow Yesterday Next week Last month • INDIRECT SPEECH There Then That/ those That night That day The following day/ the next day The day before/ the previous day The following week The month before/ the previou month
• 14.
  Changes Time Place now here todaythis this week these tomorrow yesterday last week
• 15.
  Use the reportrdspeech I saw the film last week. He ............ that he .............. the film ..................
• 16.
  Reporting verbs (Exercises)  “I don’t like the bands that are playing here.” John mentioned  “Techno music has become very popular”Peter said. Peter said that techno music had become very popular.  “Please, help me with this problem,” Mark begged me to help him with that problem.  “I will go to the concert with you next year” Jackie said. Jackie said she would go to the concert with me the following year/ Jackie offered to go to the concertwith me the following year.  “I’m sorry I missed the party” Alex said. Alex apologized for missing the party.  “Let’s finish early” he suggested. He suggested finishing early/ He suggested that they finish early. John mentioned that he didn’t like the bands that were playing there
• 17.
  Reporting verbs (Exercises)  “I don’t like the bands that are playing here.” John mentioned  “Techno music has become very popular”Peter said. Peter ........ that techno music ............ very popular.  “Please, help me with this problem,” Mark begged me to help him with that problem.  “I will go to the concert with you next year” Jackie said. Jackie said she would go to the concert with me the following year/ Jackie offered to go to the concertwith me the following year.  “I’m sorry I missed the party” Alex said. Alex apologized for missing the party.  “Let’s finish early” he suggested. He suggested finishing early/ He suggested that they finish early. John mentioned that he didn’t like the bands that were playing there
• 18.
  REPORTING QUESTIONS • Thereporting verb is ASK. • In Yes/ No questions IF or Whether is used. Ex: “Have you been here long?” He asked if/ whether I had been there long • In WH- Questions the same word is used. Ex: “Where do you come from?” He asked me where I came from. • In reported questions word order changes: subject + verb. Ex. “How are you? He asked me how I was.
• 19.
  REPORTING QUESTIONS (Exercises) The policeman said to us, “Where are you going?” The policeman asked us where we were going.  Tom said: “ What time do the banks close?” Tom wanted to know what time the banks closed.  “Have you got a driving licence?” the interviewer asked. He enquired whether / if I had a driving licence  “Do you know when Jane’s birthday is?” he asked. He wanted to know when Jane’s birthday was.  “Why did you call me?” Sandra asked. Sandra asked me why I had called her.
• 20.
  REQUESTS & COMMANDS Theimperative is used to give orders. When we report an imperative we use Tell somebody to do something or ask somebody to do something. ( Do not use SAY) Other verbs can be used: order, command, invite, beg, warn.  “Hurry up, please!” he said. He asked me to hurry up.  “Don’t worry!” she said. She told me not to worry.  “Don’t forget that it’s our anniversary tomorrow” She asked me not to forget our anniversary the next day.