Road types and Road networks

Road types and Road networks

• 1.
  ROAD NETWORKS SHAPES OFPLANS IN ACCORDANCE TO ROAD NETWORKS
• 2.
  INTRODUCTION • The primarymode of transport from one part to other. • Divides the landmass into various patterns to provide the best suitable path between destinations. • Can be classified in many ways. • Most common classification is based on speed and accessibility. • Classifications combine to form a pattern
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  • Expressways • ArterialStreets • Sub-Arterial Streets • Collector’s Streets • Local Streets CLASSIFICATION OF URBAN ROADS
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  • For Speedyand heavy traffic. • Pedestrians not allowed. • Connect main markets, important places. • Complete separation of opposite moving traffic by a divider or median. • Level crossings, sharp curves, steep gradients avoided. • Telephone facility, Highway Police, Servicing Stations, Refreshment Facility available at regular intervals. EXPRESSWAYS
• 5.
  • For theheavy/important traffic inside the city. • Usually along the expressways serving as principal network of traffic flow. • Join central business district with outside residential areas. • Parking, loading, unloading prohibited. • Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections. ARTERIAL STREETS
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  • Less trafficthan arterial streets • Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections • Spacing varies from 0.5 km in central business areas to 3 to 5 km in residential area. • Parking, loading, unloading usually restricted and controlled SUB-ARTERIAL STREETS
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  • Meant forcollecting the traffic from local streets to arterial streets • Full access allowed from properties alongside • Situated in residential, commercial, industrial areas • Few parking restrictions except for peak hours COLLECTOR’S STREETS
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  • Open accessfrom residents, business or other properties • Does not carry large volume of traffic • Unrestricted parking and pedestrians allowed LOCAL STREETS
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  URBAN ROAD PATTERNS VARIOUSTYPESOF ROAD NETWORKS
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  • Streets runat right angles to each other, forming a grid (Grid Iron) • Typical for cities built after the industrial revolution – emphasis on economic activity • Facilitates the movement of people and product throughout the city. Rectangular/Block Pattern GRID IRON PATTERN Advantages • High accessibility, • minimum disruption of flow, • expansion flexibility, • excellent psychological orientation, adaptability to level or moderately rolling terrain. Disadvantages • Requires flow hierarchies, • limited in its adaptability to the terrain, • potentially monotonous
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  Eg:- CHANDIGARH
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  • Based onstar layout. • Inner outer ring roads linked by radiating roads. • Core has the business area. • Industrial area interspersed within the residential. RADIAL NETWORK
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  Eg:- Rajiv Chowk,New Delhi
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  ORGANIC CITY LAYOUT •Amoebic pattern. • Roads placed wherever necessary. • Lack of acute pointed angles. • Parabolic in nature.
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  URBAN ROAD PATTERNS FUSEDROAD NETWORKS
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  GRID + DIAGONAL Eg:- Broadacre
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  CONCENTRIC + RADIAL
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  GRID + IRREGULAR
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