ROLE PLAY: FIRST AID -CPR & RECOVERY POSITION.pptx
- 1. ROLE PLAY: CPR, RECOVERY POSITION By: R.S.Belicia Bsc Nursing Ist year Government college of Nursing, Cuddalore
- 2. Scene 1 Three friends Shopping in a mall
- 3. Scene of Danger One of the friend becomes a victim to electric shock
- 4. Safety first STEP 1: MAKE THE AREA SAFE Your own safety should always come first. As a first aider, you should try to find out what has just happened and check for any danger In this case its electricity cables, circuits etc. Do your best to protect both the injured person(s) and other people on the scene. STEP 2 : MOVE THE INJURED PERSON IF, ◦ The injured person is in more danger if he is left there. ◦ The situation cannot be made safe ◦ Medical help will not arrive soon. ◦ You can do so without putting yourself in danger.
- 5. Evaluate the victim’s condition Check for the victim‘s , ◦ Consciousness level ◦ Pulse ◦ Breathing ◦ Any bleeding or other injuries.
- 6. Call for Help ◦ If help is needed, ask a bystander to call for help. ◦ For higher help call 108 and tell the following info, 1. The location where the help is required 2. the nature of the problem; 3. what happened 4. how many injured; 5. nature of the injuries 6. what type of help is needed 7. and any other information that might help. If required you can call for fire service, police & any other services
- 7. When to perform CPR? ◦ sudden collapse ◦ loss of consciousness ◦ no breathing ◦ No pulse Use AVPU scale to assess consciousness level A- Alert V- Response to voice P- Response to pain U- Unresponsiveness also noted as unconsciousness
- 8. To check pulse ◦ Feeling the pulse is not always easy. Feeling the pulse during an emergency at the wrist is often unreliable. ◦ So also check carotid pulse.
- 9. To check Breathing a. Look for chest/abdominal movement, b. Listen to breathing sounds, c. Feel the air coming out of the nose or mouth.
- 10. Hand hygiene 1. Wet your hands under running water. 2. Use soap to cover all hand surfaces. If you have liquid soap, this is best. Alternatively you can also use ash that is no longer hot to wash your hands. 3. Rub your hands firmly together (40-60 seconds) and wash your hands thoroughly. Make sure the soap touches all the parts of your hands. Do not forget the tips of your fingers, your thumbs and the skin between your fingers. 4. Rinse your hands well. Use plenty of water. 5. Dry your hands.
- 11. Secure an open Airway ◦ If the casualty’s chest still fails to rise, first assume that the airway is not fully open. ◦ Once the airway is cleared the casualty may begin breathing spontaneously. ◦ Use Head tilt chin lift method and clear the airway by removing any visible item that is blocking the airway: Hook your first two fingers covered with clean cloth/gloves and sweep round inside the mouth/ throat. ◦ If the breathing restarts, place the patient in the recovery position (see recovery position). ◦ If the casualty still does not breathe, start CPR immediately
- 12. Chest compression 1.Turn the casualty on his back on a hard surface, if not already. 2. Kneel next to the casualty, beside his upper arm. 3. Place the heel of one hand in the center of the person’s chest. 4. Place the heel of the other hand on top of your first hand. 5.Lock your fingers of both hands together 6. Make sure your shoulders are directly above the person’s chest. 7. With outstretched arms, push five to maximum six centimetres downwards. 8. Release the pressure and avoid leaning on the chest between compressions to allow full chest recoil. The compression and release should be of equal duration
- 13. 9. Do not allow your hands to shift or come away from the breastbone. 10. Give 30 chest compressions in this way at a rate of 100 compressions a minute (you may go faster, but not more than 120 compressions a minute). This equates to just fewer than two compressions a second.
- 14. Rescue Breaths Make sure the patient’s airway is clear of mucus and not blocked by any foreign bodies or their own tongue. Tilt the patient’s head back slightly so that the nose is up. You can place something under their neck or shoulders to keep them in the right position, like a rolled up towel or jumper. Ensure that the Ambu bag is sealed (C type seal) and connected properly. The bag should be connected to the oxygen tubing, and the tubing should be connected to the regulator on the tank. Place the mask tightly over the patient’s mouth and nose. ◦ Begin ventilations. Squeeze the Ambu bag hard enough to make the patient’s chest rise just as it would with a normal breath.
- 15. ◦ Or give mouth to mouth resuscitation if ambu bag not available. ◦ Do not interrupt the resuscitation until: 1. The victim starts to wake up, moves, opens his eyes and breathes normally; 2. help (trained in CPR) arrives and takes over; 3. the area becomes unsafe for you to continue.
- 16. Recovery position ◦ The recovery position refers to a lateral prone position of the body, in to which an unconscious but breathing normally casualty can be placed as part of the first aid treatment. ◦ In an unconscious person, the muscles are relaxed. This causes the tongue to obstruct the airway. This risk can be eliminated by carefully tilting the head back and lifting the chin. ◦ The recovery position should be used for unconscious casualties who are breathing. The position of the casualty’s arms and legs provide the necessary stability to keep the body in a safe and comfortable position.
- 17. ◦ Steps:
- 18. Transport the victim if ambulance arrives or else continue to give first aid