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Rubella in english
Rubella, or German measles, is an acute viral disease characterized by a maculo-papular rash, low-grade fever, and lymphadenopathy, primarily caused by the rubella virus transmitted through droplet spread. Most cases are asymptomatic, and complications may include arthralgia, encephalitis, and congenital malformations if contracted during pregnancy. Prevention through vaccination is essential, with the rubella vaccine available as a single or combination vaccine, while symptomatic treatment includes pain relief and cold compresses.
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Rubella in english
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- 2. Rubella anacute viral disease with a diffuse punctate and maculo-papular rash. It is also known as german measles. Rashes are accompanied by low-grade fever and lymphadenopathy
- 3. Rubella iscaused by Rubella virus of the togavirus family. The virus has been recovered from the nasopharynx, throat, blood, CSF and urine of the patient.
- 4. The onlysource of infection is a case of rubella which may be clinical or subclinical infection. Mode of transmission is droplet spread direct contact with the patient
- 5. 50 to65 percent of Rubella cases are asymptomatic. Clinical features includes- coryza, sore throat, low-grade fever
- 6. enlargement ofthe post-auricular and posterior cervical lymph nodes appears as early as 7 days before the appearance of the rash. Appearance of minute, discrete, pinkish maculo-papular rash
- 7. The rashes ofrubella spreads much faster and clears more rapidly than the rash of measles. Normally rashes disappear by the third day.
- 8. In rarecases arthralgia may occur in several joints in adults. Encephalitis may also occur but it is rare. Thrombocytopenic purpura has also been observed as a complication. congenital malformations if it occur during pregnancy.
- 9. Diagnosis ofrubella may be based on sign and symptoms but for subclinical cases sab culture is needed to isolate the virus confirm the diagnosis. ELISA tests are also recommended.
- 10. There isno specific treatment for Rubella. Only symptomatic treatment is needed for sign and symptoms such as pain killer drugs and use of cold compress. bedrest is the best treatment. Main attention is give to prevent the spread to infection.
- 11. Vaccination isthe best system to prevent rubella. Rubella vaccine is available as single vaccine or in combination as MMR or MR. Health education should encourage routine immunization for children as MMR is included in national immunization schedule in India.
- 12. Reporting andnotification of rubella to local health authority provides opportunity for better outbreak Isolation of cases for 7 days from onset of rashes. Special attention is given to prevent exposure of pregnant non immunized women.
- 13. By – SURESHKUMAR ( Nursing Tutor )