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Sampling Procedure for Quantitative Research.pptx
- 1. Practical Research 2 SeniorHigh School Applied - Academic Unit 5: Quantitative Research Design and Methodology Lesson 2 Sampling Procedure for Quantitative Research
- 2. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT How canyou ensure that a sample is a representative of the population you are studying? 2
- 3. Learning Objectives At the endof the lesson, you should be able to do the following: ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT 3 ● Identify the different sampling techniques. ● Choose an appropriate sampling technique for a research study. ● Determine the sample size based on your target population. 3
- 4. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT 4 4 1.What are the limitations of the survey with regard to the sampling of their participants? 2. How can researchers ensure that the participants for their research represent a target population? Something to think about
- 5. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Sampling isdefined as obtaining a relatively small amount of sample from a bigger group to explore unknown information about a certain population (Kumar 2011). 5 5
- 6. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Sampling inQuantitative Research Population is a group of people possessing a similar characteristic. Sample pertains to the subgroup or a portion from a population. 6 6
- 7. What is thedifference between sampling in quantitative and qualitative research? 7
- 8. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT In probabilitysampling, all individuals from the target population have an equal chance of being selected for the sample. 8 Probability Sampling
- 9. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Simple RandomSampling Simple random sampling is when the researcher randomly selects their participants from a list of all the individuals from the population. 9 9
- 10. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT In systematicrandom sampling, the researcher randomly decides on a starting point in the list and chooses every nth case from the population. Systematic Random Sampling 10 10
- 11. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Stratified randomsampling pertains to the division of the target population into subgroups and randomly selects participants from each subgroup. Stratified Random Sampling 11 11
- 12. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Sample ischosen by the researcher from the target population rather than being randomly selected. Non-probability Sampling 12
- 13. 13 What could bea disadvantage of using non-probability sampling?
- 14. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Convenience Sampling Inconvenience sampling, the researcher recruits participants who are readily available and accessible to participate in the research study. 14 14
- 15. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Quota Sampling Quotasampling involves selecting people from different subgroups from the target population. 15 15
- 16. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Purposive Sampling Inpurposive sampling, the researcher chooses their participants intentionally because they are considered as most suitable for the research study. 16 16
- 17. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Snowball Sampling Snowballsampling is done when the researcher contacts few potential participants and asks them if they can refer more participants having similar characteristics as them. 17 17
- 18. Remember Non-probability sampling isused to address practical concerns in a research study. The most common methods under this technique are convenience, quota, purposive, and snowball sampling. 18
- 19. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Sample Size Asample size is the actual number of individuals who participated in the research study and contributed significant data. 19
- 20. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Company XYZis conducting its mandatory random drug testing. The company is divided into five departments. Rica, a clinic staff, needs at least 100 employees to participate in the drug testing. Rica called each department and asked employees who are available to take part in the drug testing. Suggest a Solution 20
- 21. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT QuickCheck 1. What are some of the differences between probability and nonprobability sampling? 2. What are the things to be considered when deciding on your sample size? 21
- 22. ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLOR EXPLAIN EXTEND EVALUAT Nadialisted the names of all her classmates in strips of paper and put them inside a box. She is going to ask the first 20 names that she will draw out to answer a survey for her research paper. What sampling technique did Nadia use? Quick Check 22 22 22 22 22
- 23. Wrap Up 23 The goalof sampling in quantitative research is to obtain a sample of individuals who are representative of the target population. The techniques used in sampling for quantitative research are probability and non-probability sampling.
- 24. Wrap Up 24 Probability samplingis categorized into simple, systematic, and stratified random sampling. Convenience, quota, purposive, and snowball sampling are the most common types of non-probability sampling.
- 25.
- 26. Bibliography 26 Coolican, Hugh. ResearchMethods and Statistics in Psychology. 6th ed. New York: Psychology Press, 2014. Howitt, Dennis, and Duncan Cramer. Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology. England: Pearson, 2014. Kumar, Ranjit. Research Methodology: A Step-by-step Guide for Beginners. 3rd ed. London: SAGE Publications Ltd., 2011. Langdridge, Darren, and Gareth Hagger-Johnson. Introduction to Research Methods and Data Analysis in Psychology. 3rd ed. England: Pearson, 2013. Leary, Mark R. Introduction to Behavioral Research Methods. 6th ed. New Jersey: Pearson, 2012. Plano Clark, Vicki L., and John W. Creswell. Understanding Research: A Consumer’s Guide. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Pearson, 2015.
Editor's Notes
- #6 The goal of sampling in quantitative research is to ensure that the sample you have selected is representative of the target population. Sampling is defined as obtaining a relatively small amount of sample from a bigger group to explore unknown information about a certain population (Kumar 2011).
- #8 The researchers use a random process to recruit their participants. Probability sampling is commonly used if the researchers have a specific population in mind to study, or infer a particular behavior or characteristic (Howitt and Cramer 2014). The other more specific methods are systematic random sampling and stratified random sampling.
- #15 However, the difference is that random methods are not being employed and the selection from each subgroup is solely based on the researcher’s decision.
- #20 Suggested Activity: Read and analyze what went wrong in the situation given below. Then, suggest a solution to the problem in the sampling method used.
- #21 Model Answers: Probability sampling is used when there is a target population in mind where the researcher wants to study a specific behavior or characteristic. Nonprobability sampling is used to address the limitations of probability sampling such as cost and time constraints. Although it is best to have a large sample size, it is important to consider the limitations of the researchers such as financial and time constraints. The design of the research study must also be taken into consideration since there are different guidelines on deciding the sample size for each research design.
- #22 Answer: Simple random sampling.