School_health_programme, school of .PPTX

KRISHNA INSTIUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES.
FACULTY OF NURSING SCIENCE.
Subject : community Health nursing-II
TOPIC
SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
PRESENTED BY,
MRS.A.V.KATTI
Dept- Community Health Nursing

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the class, student will be able to-
1. Define School Health Services.
2. Describe the aims and objectives of School Health Services.
3. Discuss the importance of School Health Services.
4. Discuss the common health problems of school children.
5. Discuss the behaviour problem of school children.
6. Discuss briefly the components of School Health
Programme.
7. Explain the Nurses Role in School Health Programme.

School Health
School health refers to a state of complete
physical, mental and social, spiritual well being
and not merely absence of diseases or infirmity
among pupils , teachers and other school
personnel.

School Health Programme
The school procedures that contribute to the
maintenance and improvement of the health of
pupils and school personnel including health
services , healthful living and health education.

School Health Services
A service concerned with the early detection of health
and social problems in children and their treatment
and surveillance to promote and protect their health ,
prevent and control disease and maintain their health.

Cont------
• School health services in India was started in 1909 as
medical examination for school children.
• In 1960,the Government of India, constituted a school
health Committee, to assess the standards of health
and nutrition of children and to suggest the measures
to improve the health of children.
• Health care services e.g. nutrition, medical
examination, physical examination, immunizations,
first aid and health education to school children.

HEALTH PROBLEMS OF SCHOOL CHILDRENS
• Malnutrition-Anemia, PEM, Vit.deficiency
• Infectious disease.
• Intestinal parasites, diarrheal disease, constipation
• Diseases of skin, scabies, eczema, dermatitis
• Eye problems-refracting defects, squint,
conjunctivitis, dryness
• Ear problems-hearing,
• Dental caries., bleeding gums, bad odor, irregular
teeth
• Decreased growth and development according to
age.

Behavior Problems
• Antisocial problem: stealing, lying, destructiveness, sexual
offences.
• Habit disorder: thumb sucking, nail biting, bed wetting,
• Personality disorder: jealousy, shyness, day dreaming, fear
and anxiety
• Psycho somatic complaints: tremors, headache, asthma ,
depression, delusion, hallucination.
• Educational difficulties: school phobia, school failures.

AIM OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES:
• To promote growth and development of school
children through health supervision, health care and
nutritional programmes.
• To prevent and control communicable diseases.
• To promote school so that children may develop
favorable attitude towards health.

Objectives:
 Promotion of positive health.
 Prevention and control of communicable
diseases.
 Early diagnosis , treatment and follow up.
 Awakening health consciousness in children.
 Provision of healthful environment.

Principles:
School health services should –
• Based on health needs of school children.
• Be well planned in coordination with school.
• Emphasis on promotive and preventive aspects.
• Continuous programme.

School Health Team
• The school principal
• School teacher
• Parents
• Children
• Medical officer
• School health nurse / C.H.N

SERVICES PROVIDED THROUGH SCHOOL
HEALTH PROGRAMME
• Health checkup
• Prevention of communicable diseases.
• Spot treatment.
• Referral services.
• Free spectacles.
• Nutritional services.
• Free super specialty treatment for heart, kidney, and cancer
diseases including renal transplantation.

COMPONENTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH
PROGRAMME
1)Location of school ;
The location of school environment should be healthful
in respect to physical, psycho-social and emotional development.
• It should be properly placed on higher level free from
dampness and proper drainage.
• Each class room should not have more than 40 students, per
capita space for children should not be less than 10sq.feet.
• Comfortable seating arrangements with single desk and chair.
• Cross ventilation for air and light should be there in
classroom.
• Classroom should be white in color and with two windows.
• Water supply should safe and sufficient.

2)Lavatory :
 The urinals and latrines should be adequate for
the students.
 It should be separate for boys and girls.
 Adequate water supply should be provided.
3)Regular medical examination :
Medical, physical and psychological
examination of all students and teachers must be
done at least once a year.
For example: Examination for nutritional
deficiency, special care to vision, hearing, and
speech and teething.

Cont---
 First Aid
 Eye check up
 Healthful school environment
 Dental health
 Mental health
 Immunization

FUNCTIONS OF SCHOOL HEALTH NURSE.
1)Assessment :
Assessment is a systemic collection of
information concerning the health needs of
school children.
• It also includes the description of students and
their health statistics, description of
community, and an analysis of service
available in the society.

2) Community assessment :
The students community consists of,
• Family
• Housing
• Socio-economic status
• Juvenile delinquency rate
• Drug and alcohol usage
• Divorce rate
• Employment statistics
These information may be obtained by
questionnaire, interviews, survey method,
observation, discussion during PTA meetings.

3) Programme planning:
In planning the school health programme,
• Determine the nursing health needs.
• Establish the priority of need.
• Identify strengths.
• Form pattern of delivery service.
4)Screening tests:
Screening test includes procedure for
• Testing vision and hearing.
• Assessing growth and development.
• Observations for scoliosis, dental and cardiac findings.
The screening test are selected according to their costs, availability,
effectiveness and acceptability.

• Vision
Usually annual examination help,
detect signs for eye problem.
e.g. Reading difficulty, eye irritation,
excessive rubbing.
Eye problem of the students may
also affect their studies.
• Hearing
Educating parents and children about
potential for hearing loss resulting from
infection is important.

• Scoliosis screening :
Early detection, treatment and
physiotherapy may prevent costly major
surgery.

SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
The school health services can be divided as :
1) School health education :
It is the process of providing learning
experiences that favorably influences understanding,
attitude and conduct relating to individual and
community health which includes school health, safety
instructions, general hygiene and prevention of
accidents.

2) Healthful School Living:
• It includes physical and social environment of the
school and it's effect on student health.
• SHP can take steps to provide appropriate
environment for students.
• Can also do assessment and observations.
3) Health supervision:
It includes activities such as health
assessment, vision, hearing, emergency care,
screening and identification of health deficit.

4) Health counseling :
Guidance and counseling regarding
health behavior and recommendations to
individual and group health conditions.
School health services involve health
education to children can be given on,
• Personal hygiene.
• Dental hygiene.
• Prevention of accidents.
• Prevention of worm infection.
• Balanced diet.

ADMINISTRATION OF SCHOOL HEALTH
SERVICES
1) Primary Health Centre at rural areas are
covering all the schools.
2) Medical officer and school health nurse visit
every week to give regular care children.
3) School health administration at urban school are
covered by school health clinics run by school
health administration under local government

Cont---
3) The school provide medical check up,
vaccination , medication, health education, and
referral services.
After medical check up children
should be treated appropriately and follow
up is done.

Role and responsibility of S.H.N
 General physical examination
 Identify any abnormalities
 First aid services
 Periodic visit
 Immunization record
 Safety school environment
 Health records of each student

Bibliography
1) Gulani.K.K.Community health nursing. Principles and
practices. 4th edition. Lunar publishing house. Ltd. New Delhi.
2005 page no. 435-437.
2) I.Clement.Basic concepts of community health nursing. 2nd
edition.Jaypee brothers (p) Ltd. New Delhi. Page no. 277-288.
3) Patney Sunita . Textbook of community health nursing. 2nd
edition. CBS publishers and distribution. New Delhi. 58-64
4) K.Park. Preventive and social Medicine, 20th edition M/S
Banarasidas Bhanot. Jabalpur page no:498-509.
5) S. Kamalam. Essentials in CHN practice 3rd
edition.Health
science publishers ,New Delhi page no. 371
6) https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/kalyan-singh

School_health_programme, school of .PPTX

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